Meaning : 

In the main ingredients of environment, the addition of unwanted material in excess quantity is called environmental pollution. It is harmful to all living beings and environment.

Kinds : 

Following are the kinds of pollution :

I. Air Pollution : 

unlimited expansion of cities, industrialization, growth in transportation means are causing the mixing of dangerous gases in atmosphere which are harmful to health. In these harmful gases the main ones are : Sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, different nitrogen oxides, chlorofluoro carbons and formaldehyde. Besides lead emitted by vehicles, half-burnt hydrocarbon, and poisonous smoke is polluting the atmosphere. Air pollution has affected our life. Different kinds of diseases are emerging by this. Besides, ozone layer is decaying which stops U.V. rays from coming to earth. Problem of global warming is getting worse due to increasing effect of greenhouse gases.

II. Water pollution : 

Addition of harmful organic and inorganic material, radioactive elements, industrial wastes, etc are making the water polluted. The wastes which come out of industries, bring lead and cadmium with itself. Similarly sewage water consists of urea and uric acid. Besides, fertilizers make the water polluted. Contaminated water causes diarrhoea, cholera, typhoid, etc. Besides, it also causes some dangerous decreases like cancer, heart disease, high bloodpressure, and Neurological disorders.

III. Soil pollution : 

Deformation and degradation of soil structure due to rain, more use of fertilizers, use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers is called soil erosion. This destroys soil fertility. To check it, afforestation should be done.

IV. Radioactive Pollution : 

Nuclear bomb and nuclear tests are increasing radioactive pollution. Radioactive elements entering in atmosphere cause harm to water, air and soil. These elements destroy human and other animals cells. Use of polythene is increasing pollution in water and air. On earth its decomposition takes 400 years. The gases which are emitted on its burning are very dangerous.