Answer» - Program: When we run a newly compiled program, the operating system creates a process to run the application. The program's execution begins with GUI mouse clicks, command line entry of the program's name, and so on. Because it remains in secondary memory, such as the contents of a file on disk, a program is a passive entity. Multiple processes can be found in a single program.
- Process: The term process refers to computer program code that has been stored in memory and can be executed by the central processor unit (CPU). A process is an instance of a computer program that is running or an entity that may be allocated to and executed on a processor. When a program is loaded into memory, it becomes a process and hence an active entity.
The following table LISTS the differences between a program and a process: | Program | Process |
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| A program consists of a collection of instructions that must be followed in order to execute a certain task. | An instance of an executing program is referred to as a process. | | Because it is stored in secondary memory, a program is referred to as a passive entity. | Processes are active entities since they are produced and loaded into the main memory during execution. | | A program only exists in one location and will remain thus until it is deleted. | A process has a finite lifespan because it is terminated after the task is completed. | | A program is ALSO referred to as a static entity. | A process is also referred to as a dynamic entity. | | A program does not require any resources; it only needs memory space to store the instructions. | During its lifespan, a process requires a lot of resources, including CPU, memory address, and I/O. | | There is no control block in a program. | Process Control Block is a separate control block for each process. | | There are two logical components to a program: code and data. | A process, in ADDITION to program data, requires EXTRA information for administration and execution. |
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