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What do you understand by the terms (i) empirical formula and (ii) molecular formula? How are they related o each other? Illustrate with an example. |
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Answer» (i) Empirical formula: The formula which gives the simple whole number ratio of the atoms of various elements present in one molecule of the compound is called empirical formula. For example, empirical formula of hydrogen peroxide is HO. It represents that hydrogen and oxygen (i.e., H : O) are present in the ratio of 1 : 1 in hydrogen peroxide. (ii) Molecular formula: The formula which gives the actual number of atoms of various elements present in one molecule of the compound is called molecular formula. For example, the molecular formula of hydrogen. peroxide is H2O2 because one molecule of hydrogen peroxide contains two atoms of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen. Relation between Empirical and Molecular Formulae: Molecular formula = n (Empirical formula) where n is a simple whole number and may have values 1, 2, 3.... It is equal to n = {Molecular mass}/{Empirical formula mass} |
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