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What is a vaccine ? How do they act to provide long term immunity to an individual who is vaccinated ?

Answer»

Vaccine is a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or inactivated / weakened pathogen
introduced into the body
The antibodies produced in the body against these antigens would neutralise the pathogenic agents during actual infection , also generate memory B and T cells that recognise the pathogen quickly on subsequent exposure and overwhelm the invaders with a massive production of antibodies 



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