Data abstraction:

Data abstraction is a technique to hide the irrelevant internal details of data from the user. It makes an easier user interaction with the database. This technique creates an easier way of database designing.

There are three levels of data abstraction:

1. Physical level

• Physical level is the base level of data abstraction
• It gives information that how data stored ACTUALLY in the database
• Give information to a developer about memory SIZE, requirements, and accessing frequency of record.
• This level uses the organization methods such as hashing, sequential, B+ tree, etc.

2. Logical level

• Logical level is the intermediate level for data abstraction
• It describes what type of data is stored in the form of TABLES.
• It also relates the data and tables with the help of mapping.
• Any type of changes does not affect other levels

3. View level

• View level is the highest level of data abstraction.
• At this level, a user can view the part of the ACTUAL database
• A user can look at the data in the form of rows and column.
• In this level, a user can INTERACT with the database in an easier way
• A User can see the data in various views for the same database.

Data abstraction:

Data abstraction is a technique to hide the irrelevant internal details of data from the user. It makes an easier user interaction with the database. This technique creates an easier way of database designing.

There are three levels of data abstraction:

1. Physical level

2. Logical level

3. View level