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What is Distillation? Explain its types? |
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Answer» Distillation: This method is mainly used for separating liquids with sufficient difference in their boiling points. It can also be used for separating volatile liquids from non-volatile impurities. There are two kinds of distillation methods widely used in the industry for purifying organic compounds. These are: (a) Fractional distillation: It is the process in which the components of a mixture are separated by heating the chemical mixture. Boiling point plays a vital role in fractional distillation. The component with lower boiling point vaporizes first and then the components with higher boiling points. In this way the components of (b) Steam distillation: In this method substances which are steam volatile and immiscible with water can be separated. It basically lowers the distillation temperature of the organic compounds which are immiscible with water having a high boiling point. |
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