The Nagorno-Karabakh War[46] was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place in the late 1980S to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern AZERBAIJAN, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan. As the war progressed, Armenia and Azerbaijan, both former Soviet Republics, entangled themselves in protracted, undeclared mountain warfare in the mountainous heights of Karabakh as Azerbaijan attempted to curb the secessionist movement in Nagorno-Karabakh. The enclave's parliament had voted in favor of uniting itself with Armenia and a referendum, boycotted by the Azerbaijani population of Nagorno-Karabakh, was held, whereby most of the voters voted in favor of independence. The demand to UNIFY with Armenia began in a relatively peaceful manner in 1988; in the FOLLOWING months, as the Soviet Union disintegrated, it gradually grew into an increasingly violent conflict between Armenians and Azerbaijanis, resulting in ethnic cleansing,[47][48] with Sumgait pogrom (1988), Baku pogrom (1990) and Khojaly Massacre (1992) being notable examples

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