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| 1. |
what is mitochondria?explain with diagram |
| Answer» <p>Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They areorganellesthat act like adigestive systemwhich takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known ascellular respiration. Many of the reactions involved in cellular respiration happen in the mitochondria. Mitochondria are the working organelles that keep the cell full of energy.</p><p>Mitochondria are small organelles floating free throughout the cell. Some cells have several thousand mitochondria while others have none.Muscle cellsneed a lot of energy so they have loads of mitochondria. Neurons (cells that transmit nerve impulses) don’t need as many. If a cell feels it is not getting enough energy to survive, more mitochondria can be created. Sometimes a mitochondria can grow larger or combine with other mitochondria. It all depends on the needs of the cell.</p> <p>Mitochondria structure :</p><p>Mitochondria are shaped perfectly to maximize their productivity. They are made of two membranes. The outer membranecovers the organelle and contains it like a skin. Theinner membranefolds over many times and creates layered structures called cristae. The fluid contained in the mitochondria is called thematrix.</p><p>The folding of the inner membrane increases the surface area inside the organelle. Since many of the chemical reactions happen on the inner membrane, the increased surface area creates more space for reactions to occur. If you have more space to work, you can get more work done. Similar surface area strategies are used by microvilliin your intestines.</p><p>What’s in the matrix? It's not like the movies at all. Mitochondria are special because they have their ownribosomesand DNA floating in the matrix. There are also structures calledgranules which may control concentrations of ions. Cell biologists are still exploring the activity of granules.</p> | |