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What is the actual configuration of copper (Z = 29)? Explain about its stability. |
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Answer» Solution :Copper (Z = 29) Expected CONFIGURATION : `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3S^(2)3p^(6)3d^(9)4s^(2)` Actual configuration : `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(6)3d^(10)4s^(1)` The reason is that fully filled orbitals have been found to have extra stability. Copper has the electronic configuration `[Ar]3d^(10)4s^(1)` and not `[Ar]3d^(9)4s^(2)` due the symmetrical DISTRIBUTION and exchange energies of d ELECTRONS. Symmetry leads to stability. The full filled configuration have symmetrical distribution of electrons and hence they are more stable than unsymmetrical configuration. |
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