| Living Things | Non-living Things |
| (a) Living things show growth from within. | Non-living things show growth by accumulation of materials on their surface. |
| (b) They reproduce asexually or sexually, except mules, sterile worker bees, infertile males. | They do not reproduce. |
| (c) They perform metabolism in order to obtain energy. | No metabolic changes occur in non-living things. |
| (d) They show irritability and respond to changes in their surroundings. | They do not show irritability. |
| (e) They undergo ageing and eventually die. | Non-living things do not have a finite life span. |