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What is the function of anhydrous ZnCl2 in Lucas test for distinction between 1^(@) , 2^(@) and 3^(@) alcohols? |
Answer» Solution :The REACTION of alcohol with HCl UNDERGOES `SN_2` path way to form chloroalkane. `Cl^(o-)` is not a GOOD nucleophile and in alcohol, -OH is a bad leaving group. Thus, the reaction is carried out in presence of `ZnCl_2` . Since, `ZnCl_2` is a LEWIS acid, it forms a complex with oxygen of alcohol and converts the -OH to a better leaving group, THEREBY leading to the formation of chloroalkane. 
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