There is close relationship between Political Science and Geography. Political Science studies about the state. One of the main elements of state is territory. Area of land is studied under Geography. Geography is related to earth, its size, shape, minerals, atmosphere, etc.

Geographical conditions definitely affect the Political structure and life of a country. Aristotle and Bodeoun had accepted the close relationship of Political Science and Geography and had explained a close relation between different forms of government and climate.

Hot climate is suitable for dictatorship, cold for barbarous and mild climate is suitable for democratic government. Montesque had accepted the maximum effect of geographical conditions on social and political institutions, especially on liberty. Geography affects not only home policy, but foreign policy also. The main reason of increase of power of countries like USA is their natural resources. 

The global importance and influence of western Asian countries is due to their geographical situation, minerals and mineral oils. Due to its favorable geographical conditions, direct democracy has been successful in Switzerland. Due to the lack of natural resources countries such as Nepal and Bhutan are backward with political viewpoint.

Modern political thinkers also accept the effect of geographical conditions on Politics. As a result, a new subject has been developed which studies the political effect of geographical conditions, which is known as Geopolitics.