1.

When the ore haematite is burnt in air with coke around `2000 K` along with lime, the process not only produces steel but also produces a silicate slag that is useful in making building materials such as cement. Discuss the same and show through balanced chemical equation.

Answer» First, by calcination and roasting, the ferrous oxide is oxidised of ferric oxde. Then, in blast furnace, smelting is done, where it is reducing to get iron.
`4FeO + O_(2) rarr 2Fe_(2)O_(3)`
`Fe_(2)O_(3) + CO rarr 2Fe_(3)O_(4) + CO_(2)`
`Fe_(2)O_(3) + CO rarr FeO + CO_(2)`
`FeO + CO rarr Fe + CO_(2)`
In the basic Bessemer process for the manufacture of steel, the lining of the converter is made up of lime. The slag formed consists of `Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)`.
Phosphorous is oxidised to `P_(4)O_(10)`, which reacts with lime to form slag.
`P_(4) +5O_(2) rarr P_(4)O_(10)`
`6CaO + P_(4) O_(10) rarr underset (("Thomas slag"))(2Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)`.


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