Answer» Correct Answer - Option 4 : 1878
The correct answer is 1878. - Famine Commission was set up in 1878 under the Chairmanship of Sir Richard Strachey.
- The first Famine commission recommended state interference in food trade in the event of famine.
- India witnessed another major famine in 1896-97.
- The Famine Inquiry Commission, also known as the Woodhead Commission, was appointed by the Government of British India in 1944 to investigate the 1943 Bengal famine.
- Controversially, it declined to blame the British government and emphasized the natural, rather than man-made, causes of the famine.
- Second Famine Commission:
- It was constituted in 1897 under the Chairmanship of Sir James Lyall.
- This commission recommended the development of irrigation facilities.
- Third Famine Commission:
- It was set up in 1900 under the Chairmanship of Sir Anthony (Later Lord) McDonnel to re-evaluate and recommend changes in the report of the previous commission, based on the findings of the recent famine.
- This Commission recommended that the official machinery dealing with a famine must work around the year so that the scarcity of food grains could be controlled well in time.
- Three Famine Commissions were constituted, but the British Government was never serious in dealing with the welfare plans for the masses.
- Famines continued to occur and the Famine of Bengal (1943) was the most horrifying.
- This was one of the worst gifts of the British Rule to India.
- Famine Policy:
- A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including war, inflation, crop failure, population imbalance, or government policies.
- This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality.
- Richard Strachey:
- Sir Richard Strachey was a British soldier and Indian administrator.
- He was the third son of Edward Strachey and grandson of Sir Henry Strachey.
- Richard Strachey Commission of 1880 was created to develop a general strategy and principles to deal with the famines.
- It was the first Famine commission and was constituted during the period of Lord Lytton.
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