The correct answer is Only a and c.

• 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act 1992 added part IX consisting of 16 Articles and the Eleventh Schedule to the Indian Constitution
• There are two types of provisions in this act compulsory and voluntary provisions.
  • compulsory provisions:-  These provisions need to be included in the state laws related to the Panchayati Raj system.
    • Below are some of the compulsory provisions of this act,
    • Organization of Gram Sabha.
    • Establishment of Panchayats at 3 levels i.e., village, intermediate, and district levels.
    • Direct elections to all seats in Panchayats including at the village, intermediate, and district levels.
    • Post of Chairperson to be elected by indirect elections at the intermediate and district levels.
    • The minimum age for contesting elections to Panchayats will be 21 years.
    • Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Panchayats - village, intermediate, and district levels.
    • Reservation of 1/3rd seats for women in Panchayats - village, intermediate, and district levels
    • 5 years fixed tenure for Panchayats - village, intermediate, and district levels.
    • Holding fresh elections within 6 months in the event of super-session of any panchayat.
    • State Election Commission establishment for conducting elections to the Panchayats
    • State Finance Commission constitution after every 5 years to review the financial position of the Panchayats.
  • Voluntary provisions:- These provisions inclusion is at the discretion of the State government
    • Below are some of the voluntary provisions of this act,
    • Providing representation to members of the Parliament and state legislature in the Panchayats (at different levels) falling within their respective constituencies.
    • Having reservation of seats (of members and chairpersons) for backward classes in Panchayats at any or all 3 levels.
    • Granting powers and authority to the Panchayats to enable them to function as institutions of self-government (in short, making them autonomous bodies).
    • Devolution of powers and responsibilities upon Panchayats.
    • To prepare plans for economic development and social justice.
    • Perform some or all of the 29 functions listed in the 11th Schedule of the Constitution.
    • Giving financial powers to the Panchayats, like authorizing them to levy, collect, and appropriate taxes, fees duties, and tolls.