1.

Which of the following factors may be regarded as the cause of lanthanoid contraction ?

Answer»

Effective shielding of one Jr4/electrons by another in subshell.
Poor shielding of one of 4f electrons by another in the subshell.
Increase in NUCLEAR CHARGE outweighs the imperfect shielding by /-electrons.
Poorer shielding of 5D electrons by 4/electrons.

Solution :On account of the very diffused shapes of f - orbitals, 4f electrons shield each other QUITE POORLY from the nuclear charge.


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