The Indian President is the head of the state and he is also called the first citizen of India. He is a part of Union Executive, provisions of which are dealt with Article 52-78 including articles related to President (Article 52-62).

• Under the Constitution, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President and is exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him. 
  • Under Article 73(1), the executive power of the Union is co-extensive with the legislative power of Parliament.
  • Parliament consists of the President and the two Houses of Parliament — the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha). 
  • Thus the President is the Head of the executive as well as a constituent part of Parliament.
• Though the President of India is a constituent part of Parliament, he does not sit or participate in the discussions in either of the two Houses.  There are certain constitutional functions that he has to perform with respect to Parliament.
• The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President of India (Article 108) and is presided over by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha or, in their absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha, or in their absence, the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
• The President has been empowered to promulgate Ordinances based on the advice of the central government under Article 123 of the Constitution.
  • This legislative power is available to the President only when either of the two Houses of Parliament is not in session to enact laws.  
  • Additionally, the President cannot promulgate an Ordinance unless he ‘is satisfied’ that there are circumstances that require taking ‘immediate action’.
  • Ordinances must be approved by Parliament within six weeks of reassembling or they shall cease to operate.
  • They also cease to operate in case resolutions disapproving the Ordinance are passed by both Houses. 

Thus, we can say that the President of India doesn't participate in the discussion of both houses.