1.

Which one of the following halogens forms only one acid?

Answer»

`Br_(2)`
`Cl_(2)`
`F_(2)`
`I_(2)`

SOLUTION :`F_2` forms only one oxo acid, HOF (or HFO), which is prepared by PASSING `F_2` over ice at - `40^(@)C`.
`F_(2)+H_(2)O overset(-40^(@)C) to HOF+HF`
In `OF^(-)` ion, Fatom has no d-orbitals in its valence shell, and THUS it connot form pa-dn bonds with O-atom. Consequently, OF is not STABILIZED and therefore, HOF is highly unstable.
Other halogens form a series of oxo acids such as `HXO, HXO_2, HXO_3 and HXO4`. Anions of these oxo acids are stabilized by pr-da bonding between full 2p-orbitals on oxygen atoms with empty-orbitals on halogen atoms, except fluorine.


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