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InterviewSolution
| 1. |
why did caliphate came into existence? |
| Answer» \tAfter Muhammad’s death in 632 AD\xa0political authority was transferred to the\xa0Umma\xa0with no established principle of succession.\tThis created opportunities for innovations but also caused deep divisions among the Muslims.\tThe biggest innovation was the creation of the institution of\xa0caliphate, in which the leader of the community (amir al-muminin) became the deputy (khalifa) of the Prophet.\tThe twin objectives of the caliphate were to retain control over the tribes constituting the\xa0umma\xa0and to raise resources for the state.\tThe main duties of the Khalifas were to safeguard and spread Islam. | |