why does presence of nitro group make the benzene ring less reactive i

1.	why does presence of nitro group make the benzene ring less reactive in comparison to the and substituted benzene ring. explain
Answer» The NITRO group $-NO_2$ is an electron withdrawing group, which pulls the electron density towards itself by resonance and inductive effects. When in conjugation with the benzene ring, the electron density on the ring is LOWERED because of the nitro group. Since electron density is LESSER than benzene, electrophilic attacks are not favoured by electrophile. Thus, the presence of nitro group makes it less reactive and RESISTANT to electrophilic attacks. Note that Nucleophilic attacks on benzene ring would be favoured in this case.

why does presence of nitro group make the benzene ring less reactive in comparison to the and substituted benzene ring. explain

Answer»

The NITRO group $-NO_2$ is an electron withdrawing group, which pulls the electron density towards itself by resonance and inductive effects.
When in conjugation with the benzene ring, the electron density on the ring is LOWERED because of the nitro group.
Since electron density is LESSER than benzene, electrophilic attacks are not favoured by electrophile.
Thus, the presence of nitro group makes it less reactive and RESISTANT to electrophilic attacks.

Note that Nucleophilic attacks on benzene ring would be favoured in this case.