why is making cells competent essential for biotechnology experiments? List any two ways by which this can be achieved.

why is making cells competent essential for biotechnology experiments?

1.	why is making cells competent essential for biotechnology experiments? List any two ways by which this can be achieved.
Answer» DNA being a hydrophilic molecule, can not pass, through the cell membrances. So the bacteria should be made competent to accept the DNA molecules. Competency is the ability of a cell to take up foreign DNA. Two ways to make cells competent: (i) Treatment with divalent cations like calcuim. (ii) Use of gene gun.

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why is making cells competent essential for biotechnology experiments? List any two ways by which this can be achieved.

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