Since 1981, the rate of growth started declining gradually, because of popularised.

(a) Family planning measures were adopted, leading to decline in the birth rate.

(b) Awareness about advantages of small family came to be recognised.(c) There was a growth of nuclear families occured which adopted the small family norm.(d) Promotion of family planning programme by the government.

(ii) Discuss the major components of population growth.

Answer The major components of population growth are birth rates, death rates and migration.

The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates.

Birth RateBirth rate is the number of live births per thousand person in a year. It is a major component of growth, because in India birth rates have always been higher than death rates.

Death RateDeath rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the rate of growth of the Indianpopulation has been the rapid decline in death rates.

Migration Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. Migration can be internal (within the country) or international (between the countries).

Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation.