The role of Augustus was very important in the establishment of the Roman Empire. Actually the history of imperialist Rome begins with his reign. Augustus a ruled on Rome from 31 BC to 14 BC. Augustus emphasized the need to organize and strengthen the empire in place of exparding it. There was complete peace in this period. He upgraded the traffic routes and made Rome the main center of Europe by connecting all major routes. He made important contributions in the field of art, literature and education and tried to overcome the evils spread in social and religious life.

Augustus wanted to complete Julius Caesar’s programme for peace and prosperity in the Roman empire. He used his military power to protect the empire, not for the expansion of the empire. He provided all necessary rights and facilities to the citizens. He banned the unruly political parties and their institutions. The opposition and disobedient members of Senate were removed by Augustus and he also paid full attention to the provincial governance. He appointed honest governors in the provinces and made necessary improvements in the system. He was a strong supporter of the purity of the Roman race and its preservation. On the basis of the peace prevaling during Augustus’s reign, on the basis of the progress made in different spheres of culture, his reign is called the ‘Golden Age’ of Roman history.