Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : Only A
The Correct answer is Only A. Comparison between the Civil Disobedience Movement and Non-Cooperation Movement: - There were certain aspects in which the Civil Disobedience Movement differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement. These comparisons are as follows:
- The stated objective of the Civil Disobedience Movement was complete independence and not vaguely-worded Swaraj.
- Civil Disobedience Movement had an objective of Purna Swaraj. The Purna Swaraj Demand was made in the Lahore session of congress by J.L.Nehru in 1929. while Non- Cooperation Movement had the objective of Swaraj. Hence statement A is Correct.
- Swaraj-Swaraj lays stress on governance, not by a hierarchical government, but by self-governance through individuals and community building.
- Poorna swaraj-means Declaration of the Independence of India was promulgated by the Indian National Congress on 26 January 1930.
- The methods involved a violation of the law from the very beginning and not just non-cooperation with foreign rule.
- There was a decline in forms of protests involving the intelligentsia, such as lawyers giving up the practice, students giving up government schools to join national schools and colleges.
- Muslim participation was nowhere near that in the Non-Cooperation Movement level. Hence statement B is Incorrect.
- No major labour upsurge coincided with the movement.
- The massive participation of peasants and business groups compensated for the decline of other features.
- The number of those imprisoned was about three times more this time.
- Congress was organizationally stronger.
| Non-Cooperation Movement | Civil Disobedience Movement | | The movement was launched in 1920 | The movement was launched in 1930 | | The conditions created by the First World War, the Rowlatt Act, Jallianwala Bagh incident, Rejection of authority of Khalifa were the major reasons for the movement | The conditions created by the Great Depression of 1929, failure of the Simon Commission and Rejection of Gandhiji's 11 demands were the major reason for the movement | | Muslims participated in large scale | Muslims did not participate in large scale | | The middle class participated on a large scale | Business-class participated on large scale due to the Great Depression of 1929. | | The movement was withdrawn in 1922 due to an incident at Chauri Chaura | The movement was withdrawn in 1931 when Gandhiji signed the Gandhi-Irwin pact |
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