Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : Eichhornia
The correct answer is Eichhornia. - Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) is the world's most problematic aquatic weed.
- It is also called "Terror of Bengal".
- Water hyacinth is a major freshwater weed in most of the frost-free regions of the world
- When this weed encounters suitable environmental conditions, it spreads rapidly to form vast monotypic stands in lakes, rivers and rice paddy fields.
- Then, it adversely affects human activities (fishing, water transport) and biodiversity.
- It can quickly form dense floating mats of vegetation (populations can double in size in two weeks).
- These dense mats restrict light to the underwater environment, reduce the light availability for submerged plants and aquatic invertebrates, and deplete the oxygen levels.
- Water hyacinth will never be completely eradicated, however, management is necessary to control its rapid growth.
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