Write a note on BCD and Excess-3 code.

1.	Write a note on BCD and Excess-3 code.
Answer» 1. Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) code: In this code, each decimal digit is represented by a 4- bit binary number. BCD is a way to express each of the decimal digits with a binary code. In the BCD, with four bits we can represent sixteen numbers (0000 to 1111). But in BCD code only first ten of these are used (0000 to 1001). The remaining six code combinations i.e. 1010 to 1111 are invalid in BCD. 2. Excess-3 code: The Excess-3 code is also called an XS-3 code. It is a nonweighted code used to express decimal numbers. The Excess-3 codewords are derived from the 8421 BCD code words adding (0011)2 or (3)10 to each codeword in 8421. The excess-3 codes are obtained as follows: Decimal Number—— >8421 BCD—> Excess – 3

Answer»

1. Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) code:

In this code, each decimal digit is represented by a 4- bit binary number. BCD is a way to express each of the decimal digits with a binary code. In the BCD, with four bits we can represent sixteen numbers (0000 to 1111). But in BCD code only first ten of these are used (0000 to 1001). The remaining six code combinations i.e. 1010 to 1111 are invalid in BCD.

2. Excess-3 code:

The Excess-3 code is also called an XS-3 code. It is a nonweighted code used to express decimal numbers. The Excess-3 codewords are derived from the 8421 BCD code words adding (0011)2 or (3)10 to each codeword in 8421.

The excess-3 codes are obtained as follows:

Decimal Number—— >8421 BCD—> Excess – 3

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