Formal communication:

• Communication that depends on the structure of an organization and its rules and regulations and is implemented for the accomplishment of business objective is called formal communication. Generally, formal communication is in writing.
• This type of communication has a formal link between the superior and the subordinate. Its objective is to control and co-ordinate.
• Formal communication is clear and easy to understand.
• Here, who will send information to who is decided before communicating. Moreover, the form of information is also pre-decided.

Example:

• Notice or Memo is given as warning to the employees who are irregular and remaining absent without prior permission.
• A letter given by superior to subordinate for his transfer or promotion.

Characteristics:

• In formal communication, superior and subordinates are formally related
• Its main objective is control and co-ordination
• Formal communication is generally in written form
• This type of communication system is accepted as policy of organization
• It is based on organization structure
• Formal organization is formed for the accomplishment of business objectives
• It is easy and clear to understand