| Industrialisation | Urbanisation |
| (i) Meaning: It means the use of unbiotic power such as electricity and steam for the mass production of goods. | (i) Meaning: Urbanisation consists of an inward flow of a large number of people from scattered rural areas to urban communities. |
| (ii) Origin: Industrialization started in England due to the impact of the industrial revolution. | (ii) Origin: Urbanization is the consequence of industrialization. |
| (iii) Nature: Industrialisation reflects mechanisation of workplaces and spurt in the growth of factories and industries. | (iii) Nature: Urbanisation reflects the migration of people from all over the country continuously, in search of work. |
| (iv) Characteristics: The adoption of the revolutionary changes occurred in the production system i.e. use of heavy machinery and automation. | (iv) Characteristics: The adoption of the civil administration like law and city police for the urban area. |
| (v) Impact: Due to industrialisation impact of scientific and technical knowledge has been increasing. So, people are accepting rationalism and secularism. | (v) Impact: Due to urbanisation, the traditional belief system has been changed and become more secular in their outlooks, new educational fields are created in cities. |
| (vi) Effect: Industrialisation has led to the breakdown of joint families and the shrinking size of families. | (vi) Effect: Urbanisation has led to the notion of being “lonely in a crowd. |
