Functions of skin 

Skin is the largest organ of the body. Skin performs a set of key functions resulting from multiple chemical and physical reactions taking place within it.

The basic functions of the skin are: 

1. Protection 

The most important function of the skin is protecting the body from injury, heat, radiation, chemicals and microorganism. Due to constant shedding of stratum conium, it acts as a mechanical barrier and does not allow organisms to stay or penetrate into the skin. Melanin produced by melanocytes present in the basal layer of the epidermis protects the body from ultraviolet radiation. Langerhans cells present in the epidermis phagocytose agents, which invade the skin.

2. Thermoregulation 

The skin also acts as a temperature regulator, enabling the body to adapt to different ambient temperatures and atmospheric condition by regulating moisture loss. It is done by, controlling the secretions & excretion of sweat in sweat glands. 3. Hormone Synthesis An active form of vitamin-D is synthesized in this skin in the presence of sunlight.

4. Excretion 

Through the secretion of sweat and sebum, the skin performs an excretory function, eliminating a number of harmful substances resulting from metabolic activities of the intestines and the liver.

5. Immunological Role 

The skin plays an immunological role, due primarily to the Langerhans cells that can pick antigens from the skin and carry them to the lymph nodes.

6. Sensory Function 

The skin has an intricate network of numerous fine nerve terminals in between the epidermal cells and also as specialized nerve endings in the dermis and around cutaneous appendages. These nerve endings carry the sensation of touch, pain, temperature, wetness, and itch.

7. Appearance 

The color, elasticity & thickness of skin are responsible for the general appearance of the human being and skin can be regarded as a decorative media for the human body.