Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Write an equation for the reaction of chlorine with excess of ammonia. 

Answer»

8NH3 + 3Cl2  6NH4Cl + N2

2.

Name the ion other than ammonium ion formed when ammonia dissolves in water.

Answer»

Hydroxyl ion (NH3 + H2O → NH+4 + OH)

3.

A metal ‘X’ has valency 2 and a non-metal ‘Y’ has a valency 3. If ‘Y ’ is a diatomic gas, write an equation for the direct combination of X and Y to from a compound.

Answer»

The equation for the direct combination of X and Y to form a compound is

3X + 2Y  + Heat → X3Y2

4.

State one relevant observation — Ammonia gas is burnt in an atmosphere of excess oxygen.

Answer»

Ammonia gas bums to form nitrogen gas and steamy fumes of water.

5.

Name the other ion formed when ammonia dissolves in water. Give one test that can be used to detect the presence of the ion produced. 

Answer»

(i) When Ammonia dissolve in water.

NH3 + H2→ NH4OH

NH4OH  NH4+  + OH-

ions formed are ammonium and hydroxyl.

(ii) Test - NH4OH + HCl or Cl2 → NH4Cl(White fumes) + H2O

6.

State the conditions required for : Catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide. 

Answer»

Catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide.

4NH3 + 5O2 + Pt.800°C → 6H2O + 4NO

Conditions for catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide : Platinum catalyst and 800°C temperature.

7.

Give an equation for the burning of ammonia in oxygen. State the observation seen. 

Answer»

Ammonia bums in the atmosphere of oxygen with a pale blue flame, forming nitrogen gas and water vapour.

4NH3 + 3O2 + burning  2N2 + 6H2O

8.

Copy and complete the following table relating to important industrial process:Name of the processTemperatureCatalyst Equation for the catalyzed reactionHaber’s process

Answer»
Name of the processTemperatureCatalyst Equation for the catalyzed reaction
Haber’s 450° - 500°CFinely divide ironN2 + 3H2  →2NH3 + heat
9.

Copy and complete the following table relating to important industrial process :Name of the processTemperatureCatalystEquation for the catalyzed reactionHaber's process

Answer»
Name of the processTemperatureCatalystEquation for the catalyzed reaction
Haber's process450°C - 500°CFe + MoN2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
10.

Give reasons for the observation seen during catalytic oxidation of ammonia.

Answer»

The colourless nitric oxide formed undergoes further oxidation to give reddish brown vapours of nitrogen oxide.

The platinum(catalyst) continues to emit a reddish glow even after the heating is discontinued since the catalytic oxidation of ammonia is an exothermic reaction. 

11.

State your observation when – Water is added to the product formed, when aluminium is burnt in a jar of nitrogen gas.

Answer»

Pungent smelling and alkaline gas (NH3 ) is evolved.

2AI + N2  → 2AIN[Burning of aluminium]

AIN +  3HO → AI (OH)3 + NH3↑[Pungent gas]

12.

State your observation when – in the absence of a catalyst ammonia gas is burnt in an atmosphere of oxygen. 

Answer»

Greenish yellow flame is observed.

13.

Give the equation for the reaction : ammonium chloride is heated with sodium hydroxide.

Answer»

NH4Cl + NaOH → NaCl + NH3 + H2O

14.

Complete the blanks (a) to (e) in the passage given, using the following words. (Ammonium, reddish brown, hydroxyl, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, dirty green, alkaline, acidic) in the presence of a catalyst, nitrogen and hydrogen combine to give(a) _____ gas. When the same gas is passed through water, it forms a solution which will be _____ (b) in nature, and will contain the ions (c) _____ and (d) _____ (e) _____ coloured precipitate of iron [II] hydroxide is formed when the above solution is added to iron [II] sulphate solution, sssssss

Answer»

(a) Ammonia

(b) Alkaline

(c) Ammonium

(d) Hydroxyl

(e) Dirty green

15.

Certain blanks spaces are left in the following tables as C, D & E. Identify each of them.Lab preparation of Reactants usedProducts formedDrying agentMethod of collectionNH3 gasCMG(OH)2 NH3DE

Answer»

C : Reactants are Magnesium nitride(Mg3N2 ) and water(H2O).

D : Drying agent is anhydrous calcium oxide (Quick lime).

E : NH3 gas is collected by the downward displacement of air.

16.

Write the balanced chemical equation for each of the following –1. Reaction of ammonia with heated copper oxide.2. Laboratory preparation of ammonia from ammonium chloride. 

Answer»

(i) 3CuO + 2NH3 + Heat → 3Cu + 3H2O + N2(g)

(ii) 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH2) + CaO  CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3

17.

Name two gases you have which can be used to study the fountain experiment. State the common property demonstrated by the fountain experiment ? 

Answer»

Two gases which are used to study the fountain experiment are Hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) and Ammonia (NH3) The common property of these two gases demonstrated by the fountain experiment is the solubility of gases

18.

State one relevant observation for the following reaction – Burning of ammonia in air.

Answer»

Ammonia bums with a yellowish green flame. 

19.

Write a relevant equation, to show that ammonia can act as a reducing agent.

Answer»

2NH3 + 3Cl2 → N2 + 6HCl 

20.

Name an industrial process which involves ammonia, oxygen and a catalyst as its starting reactants. 

Answer»

The industrial process is called Ostwald’s process for preparing nitric acid. 

21.

Write a balanced equation for the following reaction :Ammonium sulphate from ammonia and dilute sulphuric acid.

Answer»

2NH3(Ammonia) + H2SO4(Sulphuric acid) → (NH4)2SO4(Ammonium sulphate) 

22.

Give equation for – reaction in which NH3 is oxidized by :1. a metal oxide ;2. a gas which is not oxygen.

Answer»

(i) 2NH +3CuO → 3Cu + 3H2 + N2(g)

(ii) 8NH3 + 3Cl2   6NH4Cl + N2

23.

Name an ammonium salt which is a constituent of(a) smelling salts(b) dry cells. Give reasons for the use of the named ammonium salt for the same.

Answer»

(a) Smelling salts : Ammonium carbonate, (NH4)2CO3 is used as smelling salt. It is an unstable white solid decomposes to give pungent smelling NH3 gas.

(NH4)2CO3 → 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O

The pungent smelling NH3 gas revives a fainted person. (NH4)2CO3 is always kept in a tightly closed container to prevent it from decomposition.

(b) Dry cells : Ammonium chloride(NH4Cl) is used in dry cells. It oxidises Zn to Zn2+ ions. The electrons so produced constitute the electric current.

24.

State the purpose of liquefying the ammonia produced in the process. 

Answer»

By liquefying ammonia, it can be easily seperated from unreacted N2 and H2 gases.

25.

Write the equation for the reaction in the Haber’s process that forms ammonia. 

Answer»

N2 + 3H2 ⇋  2NH3

26.

Give one use with reason of1. an aqueous solution of NH32. liquefied NH3 

Answer»

(i) Use of an Aqueous solution of Ammonia (NH3) : An aqueous solution of NH3 is called liquor ammonia. Being a base, it can easily emulsify oils and fats. Therefore, it is used for removing oil and fat stains from clothes carpets, upholstery etc. It is also used for cleaning window panes, porcelain articles etc.

(ii) Use of Liqueified Ammonia (NH3) : Liquid ammonia is used as refrigerant i.e. for producing low temperature.

This is due to the following reasons:

(a) It is highly volatile.

(b) It can be easily liquefied under high pressure and low temperature.

(c) It’s latent heat of evaporation is very high.

27.

State what are chlorofluorocarbons and give their use. Give a reason why they are ozone depleting. State a suitable alternative to chlorofluorocarbons which are non-ozone depleting. 

Answer»

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) are compounds of carbon with chlorine or fluorine. CFC are chemicals which like liquefied ammonia gas are used in refrigeration gas. They are also used as coolants in refrigeration and A/c Plants and aerosol sprays and cleansing agents. These CFC’s deplete ozone layer and also contribute to global warming. Thus these CFC’s are harmful to life. The CFC’s are decomposed by ultraviolet rays coming from sun to produce highly reactive chlorine atoms i.e. free Cl radicals.

Suitable alternatives to chloroflurocarbons which are not depleting ozone are :

HCFC – Hydrochloroflurocarbons; and HFC – 125 Hydrochloroflurocarbons ; which act as a substitute for CFCs, which are non-ozone depleting.

28.

State the colour of : Phenolphthalein solution after passage of ammonia through it. 

Answer»

Colourless phenolphthalein changes to pink colour.

29.

Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer from — A : NO2 , B : NO, C : N2 , D : N2O.The gas obtained when –1. Dry ammonia and dry oxygen gas are ignited together.2. Ammonia is passed over heated litharge. 3. A greenish yellow gas reacts with excess ammonia.4. (a) Dry NH3 and O2 are passed over heated Pt.(b) The gaseous product obtained is further oxidised.5. Ammonium nitrite undergoes thermal decomposition.

Answer»

1. C(N2)

2. C(N2)

3. C(N2)

4. (a) B(NO)

(b) A(NO2 )

5. D(N2O)

30.

State the colour of : Copper (II) hydroxide solution after-addition of ammonium hydroxide in excess to it. 

Answer»

The pale blue precipitate turns into a deep blue coloured solution.

31.

State your observation : Calcium hydroxide is heated with ammonium chloride crystals.

Answer»

Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl → CaCl2 + H2O + 2NH3

ammonia gas is evolved which fumes strongly in moist air.

32.

State the method used with reasons for drying and collecting ammonia gas.

Answer»

Calcium oxide (quick lime) is used for drying ammonia. It is because, calcium oxide being basic in nature does not react chemically with ammonia.

CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2

Chemicals such as CaCl2 (anhydrous), P2O5 and cone H2SO4 are not used for drying ammonia, because they react chemically with it as shown in the equation below :

(i) CaCl2 + 8NH3 → CaCl2.8NH3

(ii) P2O5 + 3H2O + 6NH3  → 2(NH4)3PO4

(iii) H2SO4 + 2NH3 → (NH4)2SO4

Ammonia is collected by downward displacement of air. Ammonia gas is highly soluble in water, as such it cannot be collected over water. Further, ammonia is lighter than air. As such ammonia is collected by downward displacement of air.

33.

State why ammonia is not obtained in the laboratory from NH4NO3 and NaOH.

Answer»

Ammonium nitrate on heating decomposes explosively with the formation of nitrous oxide and water.

NH4NO3 + Heat  2H2O + N2O

34.

What are the products formed when ammonia is oxidized with copper oxide. 

Answer»

3CuO(Copper (II)) oxide + 2NH3(Ammonia) → 3Cu (copper) + N2(nitrogen) + 3H2O(water)

35.

From the gases ammonia, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulphide, sulphur dioxide – Select the following :1. When this gas is bubbled through copper sulphate soln., a deep blue coloured solution is formed.2. This gas burns in oxygen with a green flame. 

Answer»

1. ammonia

2. ammonia

36.

From the following gases – ammonia, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, sulphur dioxide, select the gas that turns moist red litmus paper blue.Write the equation for the reaction – when the gas is passed over heated CuO. 

Answer»

Ammonia gas.

3CuO + 2NH3 → 3Cu + N2 + 3H2

37.

Ammonia cannot be dried by bubbling through concentrated sulphuric acid. Why ?

Answer»

Ammonia gas cannot be dried by bubbling through concentrated sulphuric acids as it reacts with sulphuric acid to form ammonium sulphate. 

2NH3 + HSO4 → (NH4)2SO4