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51.

Thermal noise shot noise and transit time noise is part of internal noise in communication.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in semester exam.Question is from FM Stereo Multiplexing in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT choice is (a) True

Best explanation: Internal noise in communication is the noise that gets generated WITHIN the receiver or communication SYSTEM, like thermal noise, shot noise, TRANSIT TIME noise, partition noise and such like. External noise is that noise which is generated from an external source, that is not a part of the communication system.
52.

In amplitude modulation, magnitude of side bands is 2ma times the carrier amplitude.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.I'm obligated to ask this question of FM Stereo Multiplexing topic in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (b) False

The BEST explanation: In AMPLITUDE modulation, amplitude of the carrier wave is varied with respect to the instantaneous amplitude of the MESSAGE wave to be propagated. In amplitude modulation, magnitude of side BANDS is 4ma times the carrier amplitude.

53.

If a digital data is not used to carry characters, then it is called as ________(a) graphic control data(b) binary data(c) character data(d) floating dataI got this question by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.My question comes from FM Stereo Multiplexing topic in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (B) BINARY data

The EXPLANATION is: In a binary data user can take only two values 0’s and 1’s. So it is binary data that can’t be USED for carrying characters.

54.

What is the full form of POTS?(a) Private Office Telephone System(b) Public Office Telephone System(c) Primary Office Telephone System(d) Plain Old Telephone ServiceThe question was posed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.I would like to ask this question from FM Stereo Multiplexing in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT option is (d) Plain Old TELEPHONE Service

To elaborate: POTS is an analog telephone service. It stands for Plain Old Telephone Service. It is implemented over copper twisted pair WIRES. It is based on Bell Telephone System. POTS is USED more widely due to its reliability.
55.

What is the full form of ASCII?(a) American Standard Character for Information Interchange(b) American Standard Class for Information Interchange(c) American Standard Code for Information Interchange(d) Alphanumeric Standard Code for Information InterchangeThis question was posed to me during an interview for a job.Asked question is from Direct Method in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct answer is (C) American STANDARD Code for Information Interchange

To EXPLAIN: ASCII is the most COMMON format for text files in computers. In an ASCII file each SYMBOL is represented by a 7 bit binary number. In this 128 possible characters are defined.

56.

The transmitter and receiver are not synchronized at all, in asynchronous transmission.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me during an interview for a job.My doubt stems from Direct Method in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (b) False

Explanation: In Asynchronous transmission, each character is signified by start and stop bits. Thus, the TRANSMITTER and receiver are SYNCHRONIZED frame-by-frame using the start and stop bits, not by DATA bits.

57.

In synchronous transmission, receiver is able to sync with the transmitter by using ________(a) Clock bits(b) Start and Stop bits(c) CRC bits(d) Data bitsThe question was asked by my school principal while I was bunking the class.This question is from Direct Method in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT option is (d) Data BITS

To explain I would say: In synchronous transmission both sender and receiver ACCESS the data according to same clock. It has no start and stop bits and THUS it has more EFFICIENT. Receiver and transmitter are in sync with each other by using data bits.
58.

Run-length encoding is used to ________(a) correct data(b) segregate data(c) encrypt data(d) compress dataThis question was addressed to me in class test.My doubt stems from Direct Method in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right answer is (d) COMPRESS data

Explanation: RUN length encoding is a very simple form of lossless data compression in which runs of data are STORED as a single value data, rather than as ORIGINAL run.

59.

FEC stands for _________(a) Forward Error Correction(b) Fixed Error Correction(c) Forward Error Communication(d) Fixed Error CommunicationI had been asked this question during an interview.Question is taken from Direct Method in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The CORRECT ANSWER is (a) Forward Error Correction

Explanation: FEC is a METHOD of obtaining error CONTROL in data TRANSMISSION. It stands for Forward Error Correction.

60.

The term CD in CSMA/CD stands for _________(a) Collision Detection(b) Collision Delay(c) Compact Detection(d) Compact DelayThis question was addressed to me in examination.This interesting question is from Direct Method in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) COLLISION DETECTION

The best explanation: CSMA/CD stands for Carrier Sense MULTIPLE Access with Collision Detection. It is mostly used in early Ethernet technology for local AREA networking.

61.

Dumb terminals are used in token-passing networks.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question in homework.Question is from Direct Method topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The correct option is (b) False

Explanation: A dumb terminal is an OUTPUT that accepts data from CPU. It has no processing CAPABILITIES. Dumb terminals are used in NETWORKS that require CENTRAL monitoring. Thus, dumb terminals are used for token-passing networks. However, smart terminals to exist which has its own processor.

62.

In networks, long messages are divided into “chunks” called __________(a) packets(b) bits(c) parts(d) tokensThe question was posed to me at a job interview.My question comes from Direct Method in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT answer is (a) packets

For explanation I would say: For any long message to be transmitted, it is first divided into many SMALL parts CALLED packets. INDIVIDUAL packets belonging to a long message may arrive out of order at the destination.
63.

In synchronous transmission, frames are about the same length as in asynchronous transmission.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was posed to me in exam.I need to ask this question from Variation Method in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct option is (b) False

Best explanation: In synchronous transmission both SENDER and receiver access the data ACCORDING to same clock. It has no start and stop BITS and thus it has more EFFICIENT. HOWEVER, it is more expensive than asynchronous transmission and has highly complex circuit.

64.

What is the full form of LF?(a) Line Feed(b) Link Feed(c) Line Forward(d) Link ForwardThe question was posed to me in quiz.This interesting question is from Variation Method in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT answer is (a) Line Feed

The EXPLANATION is: Line feed MEANS moving one line forward. It is basically a control character, coded upto 10 decimal places, RESPECTIVE to ASCII Character Set.
65.

To maintain synchronization in synchronous transmission __________(a) long strings of 1s and 0s must not be allowed(b) transmission must stop periodically(c) clock circuits must be precisely adjusted(d) channel must be noise freeThis question was addressed to me during a job interview.The query is from Variation Method in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right answer is (a) long strings of 1s and 0s must not be ALLOWED

Easy explanation: In synchronous transmission both sender and receiver access the data according to same CLOCK. It has no start and stop bits and THUS it has more efficient. However, it is more expensive than asynchronous transmission and has HIGHLY complex CIRCUIT. To maintain synchronization long strings of 1s and 0s are not allowed.

66.

CRC stands for __________(a) Cyclic Redundancy Check(b) Cyclic Repeat Check(c) Cyclic Redundancy Character(d) Cyclic Redundancy CodeThe question was asked in exam.The above asked question is from Variation Method in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) Cyclic REDUNDANCY Check

Explanation: CRC is an error detecting code. It is GENERALLY used in digital NETWORK. It was invented by W. Wesley Peterson. CRC STANDS for Cyclic Redundancy Check.

67.

When two or more PCs try to access a baseband network cable at the same time, it is called ________(a) contention(b) collision(c) excess traffic(d) switchingThis question was posed to me in an interview for job.This intriguing question originated from Variation Method in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» CORRECT option is (a) contention

To elaborate: Contention is a term of networks, USED when two or more PCs TRY to access a baseband NETWORK cable at the same time.
68.

What do you understand by the term Internet?(a) a network of networks(b) a very large client-server network(c) a very large CSMA/CD network(d) local area networkThis question was posed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.My query is from Variation Method topic in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» CORRECT answer is (a) a NETWORK of networks

To explain I would say: Internet is a global network providing us a variety of INFORMATION. It is a network of networks that consists of public, PRIVATE, business, and government networks of local to a global scope.
69.

Which statement is correct about circuit-switched network?(a) each channel can carry only one data stream(b) usually uses a bus topology(c) usually uses a star topology(d) implemented at network layerThe question was asked during an interview.This intriguing question comes from Variation Method in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) each CHANNEL can carry only ONE DATA stream

Easy EXPLANATION: In circuit switching a circuit is applied for the duration of the transmission. Its example is a telephone. In it each channel can carry only one data stream.

70.

When two PCs send data over a baseband network cable at the same time, it is called ________(a) contention(b) collision(c) excess traffic(d) switchingI have been asked this question in examination.This question is from Variation Method topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct option is (B) COLLISION

Easy explanation: Collision is a term of networks, used when TWO PCs send DATA over a BASEBAND network cable at the same time.

71.

What is the full form of SDLC?(a) Synchronous Data Link Character(b) Synchronous Data Line Control(c) Synchronous Data Line Character(d) Synchronous Data Link ControlI have been asked this question during an interview.My question is based upon Foster Seely in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT option is (d) Synchronous Data Link Control

Easiest explanation: SDLC stands for Synchronous Data Link Control. It is a layer 2 protocol for IBM’s Systems Network Architecture. It supports MULTIPOINT links as well as error-correction. It helps in the PROPER flow of data to different LEVELS.
72.

Mostly LANs are based on Ethernet.(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question in quiz.Origin of the question is Foster Seely topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) True

Best explanation: LAN stands for Local AREA Network and is a computer network that INTERCONNECTS computers within a limited area. Most LANs are based on Ethernet only. It can also connect DEVICES through wireless link to a server.

73.

What we called each computer in a network?(a) node(b) circuit(c) hub(d) switchI have been asked this question during an interview.My doubt stems from Foster Seely topic in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» RIGHT ANSWER is (a) NODE

Best explanation: In networks, each connected computer is SEEN as a node.
74.

Which network never experienced a collision?(a) CSMA(b) Token-passing(c) LAN(d) All networks have collision at some pointI have been asked this question in an internship interview.I need to ask this question from Foster Seely topic in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The correct answer is (b) Token-passing

Best EXPLANATION: Token passing is a channel access method. In it, a signal which is seen as a token is passed between nodes to authorize that NODE to communicate. Token passing never EXPERIENCES any TYPE of collisions.

75.

What is the effect of too many collisions in any network?(a) network slows down(b) network crashes(c) cable overheats(d) data gets lostThe question was asked in exam.This interesting question is from Foster Seely topic in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» CORRECT ANSWER is (a) NETWORK SLOWS down

For explanation: If a network receives too many COLLISIONS, it directly affects its connected nodes. Due to which the network finally slows down.
76.

MAU stands for __________(a) Multiple Access Unit(b) Multi-station Access Unit(c) Multiple Auxiliary Unit(d) Multi-station Auxiliary UnitI had been asked this question in semester exam.This intriguing question originated from ZCD in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct option is (b) Multi-station ACCESS Unit

The best explanation: MAU stands for the Multi-station Access Unit. It ACTS as a hub that connects a group of computers to a token RING local area network.

77.

Packet switching is based on ________(a) switched circuits(b) un-switched circuits(c) store-and-forward(d) real time deliveryThis question was addressed to me in an online interview.Origin of the question is ZCD topic in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (c) store-and-forward

To explain: Packet switching is a method of grouping DATA transmitted over a network into PACKETS. It has two modes of operation: CONNECTIONLESS Packet Switching and Connection-Oriented Packet Switching. It is based on a store and forward ALGORITHM.

78.

What is used for setting up a virtual circuit?(a) frame(b) network(c) link(d) hubThe question was posed to me in homework.The query is from ZCD topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (b) network

For explanation I would say: For the creation of any virtual CIRCUIT, a network is must REQUIRED.

79.

Which modulation is used in high frequency radio-teletype systems?(a) QAM(b) ASK(c) PSK(d) FSKI got this question in unit test.My doubt stems from ZCD topic in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right option is (d) FSK

To explain: FREQUENCY Shift KEYING is a type of frequency modulation. In it, data is TRANSMITTED through discrete frequency changes of a carrier signal. It is highly USED in frequency radio-teletype systems.

80.

When we use TDMA instead of TDM?(a) when signals come from different sources(b) when all the signals come from same source(c) when all the signals contain the same information(d) when all the signals contain different informationI have been asked this question during an interview.I'm obligated to ask this question of ZCD topic in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right option is (a) when signals come from different sources

Explanation: If all the signals COMES from different types of sources, then it is BETTER to USE TDMA INSTEAD of TDM.

81.

The effect of frequency on the resistance of a wire is called ________(a) skin effect(b) I2R loss(c) ohmic effect(d) threshold effectI got this question during an online exam.My doubt stems from ZCD topic in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right answer is (a) skin effect

Explanation: Skin effect BECOMES more and more apparent as frequency increases as skin depth becomes SMALLER. It is due to alternating current flowing through the outer surface of conducting material. It REFERS to the INCREASE of WIRE resistance with frequency.

82.

The electric and magnetic field of a radio wave are perpendicular to each other.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question at a job interview.This is a very interesting question from ZCD topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (a) True

To explain I would SAY: The statement is CORRECT that both fields are perpendicular to each other. They are also perpendicular to the direction of PROPAGATION.

83.

Which polarization is possible for an electromagnetic wave?(a) vertical(b) circular(c) horizontal(d) can be vertical or horizontal or circularThe question was asked during an interview.The origin of the question is ZCD in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» CORRECT choice is (d) can be vertical or horizontal or circular

Easiest explanation: In electromagnetic waves, both electric and magnetic FIELDS are present. Polarization STATES the orientation of electric flux lines in EM FIELD. Thus it can be vertically polarized or horizontally or CIRCULARLY polarized.
84.

On which factor dominant mode of a waveguide depends?(a) shape(b) power(c) direction(d) bandwidthI had been asked this question during a job interview.The above asked question is from ZCD topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right answer is (a) shape

For explanation I WOULD SAY: A waveguide is something that guides waves, such as ELECTROMAGNETIC wave or sound with minimum loss of energy. The dominant MODE of a waveguide depends on the shape of the waveguide.

85.

Characteristic impedance of a cable depends only on the resistance per foot of the wire used.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me during an online interview.This question is from Reactance Modulator topic in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (b) False

To explain I would say: Characteristic Impedance is the ratio of VOLTAGE amplitude to CURRENT amplitude of a propagating electromagnetic wave.The characteristic impedance of a cable depends on the inductance PER foot and the CAPACITANCE per foot.

86.

Which is the dominant mode for a rectangular waveguide?(a) TE 01(b) TM 01(c) TE 10(d) TM 10I got this question in an interview for internship.Question is taken from Reactance Modulator in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right option is (c) TE 10

The EXPLANATION is: Rectangular waveguides are the EARLIEST form of transmission LINES. It SUPPORTS TM and TE mode, which stands for Transverse Magnetic waves and Transverse Electric waves respectively, but it does not support TEM, Transverse Electromagnetic waves, mode. A rectangular waveguide can’t propagate below some certain frequency. The DOMINANT mode for it is TE 10 mode.

87.

EIRP stands for _________(a) Effective Isotropic Radiated Power(b) Effective Isotropic Reflected Power(c) Effective Isotropic Refracted Power(d) Effective Isotropic Regulated PowerI had been asked this question in an interview for internship.My question is from Reactance Modulator topic in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) EFFECTIVE ISOTROPIC Radiated Power

The explanation is: ERIP STANDS for Effective Isotropic Radiated Power. It is basically the output power when a signal is concentrated into a smaller area with the HELP of the antenna.

88.

When calculating the maximum number of users, limiting factor in FDM is ___________(a) bandwidth of each signal(b) type of each signal(c) amplitude of each signal(d) length of the channelI got this question in an internship interview.Question is from Reactance Modulator topic in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The correct option is (a) bandwidth of each signal

To explain I would say: When calculating the maximum users in FREQUENCY division multiplexing, the bandwidth of each transmitting signal MUST be observed very carefully and THUS it is also the LIMITING factor in FDM.

89.

CDMA stands for Carrier Division Multiple Access.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.Query is from Reactance Modulator topic in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (b) False

The explanation: CDMA STANDS for Code Division MULTIPLE Access. It refers to any protocol that is used in second generation and THIRD generation wireless communication.

90.

QPSK symbol contains ________(a) a byte(b) 4 bits(c) a dibit(d) 8 bitsThis question was addressed to me in an online interview.Origin of the question is Reactance Modulator topic in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (c) a dibit

To explain: QPSK stands for QUADRATURE Phase Shift Keying which is a digital SIGNAL modulation scheme. In QPSK, only two bits are transmitted per symbol. It REPRESENTS 00, 01, 10, 11

91.

What is the full form of ATM?(a) Asynchronous Transfer Mode(b) Asynchronous Transmission Mode(c) Automatic Transmission Mode(d) Automatic Transfer ModeI got this question during a job interview.I'd like to ask this question from Reactance Modulator in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Asynchronous Transfer Mode

The explanation is: ATM STANDS for Asynchronous Transfer Mode. It uses asynchronous time DIVISION multiplexing and encodes DATA into small but FIXES size packets.

92.

What is the reason of attenuation in free space?(a) decrease in energy per square meter due to expansion(b) decrease in energy per square meter due to compression(c) losses in upper atmosphere due to expansion(d) losses in upper atmosphere due to compressionI had been asked this question in a job interview.My question comes from Varactor Diode in chapter Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (a) decrease in energy per square METER due to EXPANSION

For explanation: In free SPACE, the basic reason of attenuation is the decrease in energy per square meter. It generally happens due to expansion.

93.

Who invented the Ethernet?(a) IBM(b) Xerox(c) Intel(d) CiscoI have been asked this question in examination.My question comes from Reactance Modulator topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Xerox

To explain I would SAY: ETHERNET is a COMPUTER technology mostly used in LANs. LAN connects devices sharing a common network or linked by the same SERVER. Ethernet was INVENTED by Xerox.

94.

MAN stands for ________(a) Metropolitan Access Network(b) Metropolitan Area Network(c) Multiple Area Network(d) Multiple Access NetworkI have been asked this question in an online quiz.My question is from Reactance Modulator in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right choice is (B) METROPOLITAN Area Network

The explanation: MAN STANDS for Metropolitan Area Network. It interconnects COMPUTERS that are under a fixed geographic area larger than that covered by LAN but smaller than the area covered by WAN.

95.

Which layer is used for detection of bad frames in wide area network?(a) frame layer(b) link layer(c) physicallayer(d) session layerThis question was addressed to me in final exam.My doubt stems from Varactor Diode in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Right answer is (b) link layer

Explanation: Wide AREA network covers a long geographical area and THUS it also has least connected devices. Link layer is USED in WAN for detection of BAD FRAMES.

96.

TEM stands for Transmitted Electromagnetic wave.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was posed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.This interesting question is from Varactor Diode in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The CORRECT CHOICE is (b) False

The best explanation: TEM stands for Transverse Electromagnetic wave. Since both electric and MAGNETIC FIELD are transverse to the direction of wave propagation.

97.

What is the another term used for a single microwave link?(a) section(b) hop(c) link(d) skipI got this question during an internship interview.My doubt stems from Varactor Diode in section Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct choice is (b) hop

Best explanation: MICROWAVE LINK is a communication SYSTEM that uses a beam of radio waves in the microwave frequency RANGE. Hop is also used in places of single microwave link.

98.

What is the range of UHF?(a) below the microwave range(b) above the microwave range(c) same as the microwave range(d) it does not include the microwave range in any wayI had been asked this question in quiz.My question is taken from Varactor Diode in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

The correct answer is (a) below the microwave RANGE

Best explanation: Ultra HIGH FREQUENCY is the ITU designation for RADIO FREQUENCIES that lies under 300MHz to 3 GHz i.e. its range is below the microwave range.

99.

Striplines and microstrips are used to __________(a) couple sections of waveguide(b) couple waveguides to antennas(c) couple components on a circuit board(d) couple electromagnetic waves in an orderThis question was addressed to me during a job interview.The origin of the question is Varactor Diode topic in division Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer» CORRECT choice is (c) couple COMPONENTS on a circuit board

For explanation: The MAIN use of STRIPLINES and microstrips in any circuit is to couple components on a circuit board.
100.

In digital microwave systems, additional repeaters increase the ________(a) selectivity(b) noise level(c) jitter(d) sensitivityThis question was addressed to me in exam.My question is from Varactor Diode in portion Angle Modulation of Analog Communications

Answer»

Correct choice is (C) jitter

To explain: In TELECOMMUNICATION, jitter can be seen as a deviation from true periodicity of a presumably PERIODIC signal. Higher level of jitter are more likely to occur on either slow or heavily congested link. In any CIRCUIT, adding additional repeaters finally increase the jitter only.