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Correct Answer is : b) Krill

d) Antarctica

The climate of the continent is extremely cold and hostile. It has six months of sunshine and six months of darkness.

Correct Answer is : a) Ellsworth

• The natural vegetation consists of moss, licken and algae. 
• There are a variety of animals like the krill, penguins, whales, seal and a variety of sea birds.

a) Pink continent

1. Antarctica 

2. The Greater Antarctica 

3. South pole 

4. Seals 

5. Rookery 

6. Vostok

• Ice and snow cover about 98% of the Antarctica. Therefore most of the relief features of the continent are covered by ice sheets. 
• The ice layer, which is approximately 2300 m thick makes it look white. Therefore Antarctica is called ‘the white continent’.

The Continent of Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern ocean or Antarctic ocean, which is formed by the meeting of southern parts of the Pacific Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

In 1982, by Dr. Quasim.

They are Ross sea and Weddel sea.

It divides Antarctica into two major physical divisions 

1. East Antarctica 

2. West Antarctica

Lake Priyadarshini.

It main objectives are :

• Antarctica is to be used for peaceful purpose only and military operations are not allowed. 
• It prohibits nuclear test and disposal of radioactive waste. 
• No ownership of land and water is permitted. 
• Mineral and oil exploration, environmental pollution and hunting are banned. 
• Explorers must not bring any exotic species. 
• The continent is reserved for scientific investigation. 
• It is also agreed to preserve and conserve the natural resources of the continent.

• The Trans-Antarctic mountain crosses the entire continent. 
• Vinson Massif’ the highest peak in Antarctica is located in the Ellsworth mountains. 
• Mt. Erebus, Antarctica’s most active volcano, is on the Ross Island. 
• Another one is Prince Charles mountain.

• Most of the continent lies within the Antarctic circle or 66 °30’ south latitude. 
• It is the fifth largest continent. Its total area is 14.2 million km2.

The treaty was signed in Washington D.C on 1st December 1959 by 12 nations and it was enacted on 23rd June 1961.

This is an agreement between the countries to keep Antarctica as a place just for scientific research.

• ‘Dakshina Gangothii’- It was built in l983. It was buried in 1989 and later excavated and is being used again for storage. 
• ‘Maitri’ is the second settlement set up in 1988-89 for experiments in Geology, Geography and Medicines. 
• ‘Bharathi’ is the third proposed settlement and active research station for the study of oceanography.

At present scientists, researchers, and their support staff from 30 different countries live on about 70 scientific bases with a population of around 4000 in summer and around 1000 in winter. The main purpose for people living in antarctica is to undertake scientific research in atmospheric studies, glacilology, medicine, biology, environment, human impact, etc. Other people like lumbers, electricians, mechanics, and carpenters also live at these stations to support the scientific research work and keep these research stations running.

Antarctica is a far more dynamic place than anyone could have imagined as what happens in Antarctica can have dramatic consequences for millions of people around the world. The Scientists are seeking to map the inner workings of the strange forces at play in Antarctica Most of its research is focussed on the ice — what is happening under it, in it and to it as whole of earth’s atmosphere, climatic changes, etc. are dependent on this.

Antarctica is a cold desert and very few plants can survive here. There are only a few plants that can survive the harsh climate of Antarctica, with its extreme temperature, fierce winds and lack of rain. Simple plants like algae, mosses, liveworts, lichens can survive and can grow in Antarctica.