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Correct answer is (a) default MODE

Best explanation: In the default mode, the CLIENT does not send each character TYPED by the USER to the server, thus saving the amount of packet transmissions required for executing each operation. But the server has to remain idle until the client sends the completed line wasting a lot of time.

Correct option is (a) each character typed is SENT by the client to the server

Easy explanation: In character mode, each character that the user is typing is IMMEDIATELY sent to the server which then interprets it only after the complete OPERATION command is received.

Right choice is (d) 255

For EXPLANATION I would SAY: If we want that a character be INTERPRETED by the client instead of SERVER, we use the IAC character. If IAC is followed by any other code than IAC, the client interprets it as a character.

The correct ANSWER is (a) windows

Explanation: AbsoluteTelnet was originally released in 1999. It was developed by BRIAN PENCE of Celestial Software.

Right answer is (B) 8 bits

Easy explanation: Telnet provides a bi-directional, 8-bit byte oriented communications FACILITY through which OPERATIONS are sent as 8-bit bytes for the server to interpret.

Correct choice is (d) client can TRANSFER files using to remote server using NVT

Easiest explanation: The client can use the NVT only to interact with the programs already PRESENT on the remote server, not to transfer files to it. To transfer files, an FTP CONNECTION has to be USED.

The correct option is (c) TCP port NUMBER 23

Best explanation: TCP port 21 is USED for FTP, TCP port 22 is used for SSH and TCP port 25 is used for SMTP. TELNET provides ACCESS to a command line interface on a remote computer using the TCP port number 23.

The correct answer is (a) interpret as command (IAC) ESCAPE character has to be used

Best explanation: The client must look at each byte that arrives and look for IAC escape character. If IAC is found, the client moves on to look for any other CODE or IAC. If the next byte is IAC – a SINGLE byte is presented by the client to the terminal. If IAC is FOLLOWED by any other code than IAC, the client interprets this as a command.

Right answer is (c) line mode

To elaborate: In line mode, terminal character processing is done on the client SIDE but EDITING is enabled on the server side. Line mode REDUCES the number of packets and is useful for long delay NETWORKS.

Correct answer is (c) TELNET can also be USED for file transfer

Easiest explanation: File Transfer Protocol is used for file transfer. Telnet PROVIDES access to the command-line INTERFACE on a REMOTE host.

Correct answer is (c) telnet://www.sanfoundry.com

The best I can explain: telnet://” is the HEADER to be used to initiate a Telnet CONNECTION to a web server. ONE can BROWSE the website using telnet if they are authorized to.

Correct option is (a) TELNET

To elaborate: Telnet provides access to the command-line INTERFACE on a remote COMPUTER. One can LOGIN to the computer from the command-line interface.

Right CHOICE is (a) Telnet

Easiest explanation: Telnet is an application layer protocol that provides access to the command-line INTERFACE on a REMOTE HOST. Telnet STANDS for teletype network.

The correct answer is (C) Accounting Management

The BEST I can explain: The accounting management keeps track of the users and their access rights to the network and controls the user’s access by COMMUNICATING with the security management. The accounting management takes support of the Management Information Block to perform its operations.

Right option is (a) BASIC Encoding Rules

Easy explanation: The Basic Encoding Rules are a set of rules that specify the guidelines to encode the SNMP messages in BINARY form. Each SNMP message is encoded into 3 parts NAMELY data, length and type of message.

The CORRECT option is (d) SECURITY Management

Explanation: Security management is also RESPONSIBLE to provide confidentiality, authentication and encryption in ADDITION to controlling access to network. Without security management, the network and its traffic would be vulnerable to be EXPLOITED by attackers.

The correct option is (d) Enhanced security

To elaborate: SNMPv3 has INTRODUCED NEW cryptographic security, through which confidentiality is provided by encrypting packets and BLOCKING intruders. It also ENSURES that the MESSAGE is coming from a reliable source.

Correct option is (d) Rules

Explanation: Rules are a collection of EXPRESSION containing parameters to observe the attributes of the USER’s device, and then EXECUTE some actions. It specifies the parameters for the managed objects inside the application and performs operations that would support the expression. The input of a RULE may be many expressions or even a single expression that end in an output of single OBJECT invoking some action.

The correct option is (a) Reconfiguration and documentation

Easiest explanation: The BEST current practices REPORT is created by a management group to ensure the most effective configuration management. The group also makes a MIB (Management INFORMATION Base) module to HELP with the configuration management.

The correct answer is (a) 10 to 20 mbps

Easiest explanation: In FULL DUPLEX MODE, both endpoints share a SINGLE channel bandwidth to achieve two-way transmission. This results in complete utilization of the band capacity INCREASING the capacity by 10 to 20 mbps than half-duplex mode.

The correct option is (c) SNMP

Explanation: SNMP stands for Simple Network Management PROTOCOL. It is an application-level protocol in which a few MANAGER STATIONS control a SET of agents. It is used under the TCP/IP protocol suite and is used for managing devices on the INTERNET.

Correct choice is (d) to manage the facility by itself if ONE of the MANAGEMENT solution providers fail

Best explanation: The Distributed Management TASK Force is USED just to simplify the overall management of the network. It cannot manage a network facility by itself in case one of the management solution providers fails. It provides an INTERFACE for promoting interoperability among management solution providers.

Right ANSWER is (d) all of the mentioned

Easiest explanation: Open standards like SMI-S inculcate a general ideal through which the normal designers are able to easily implement the STANDARD into their software and its scalability. Since it is open-source, nothing is HIDDEN from its users and they can implement it as they like or require to. As a WHOLE lot of time is spent to build it as strong and scalable, it provides an efficient foundation to the designers to build and innovate on.

Correct choice is (d) connection

The best I can EXPLAIN: Connection is the responsibility of the connection manager. Storage management INCLUDES management of all NECESSITIES such as security, backups and reporting FACILITIES.

The correct choice is (d) Single VIEW

The explanation is: A single view is not possible with DIVERSE vendors present. PROPRIETARY management interfaces, multiple applications management and no single view are the main DIFFICULTIES incurred by a SAN administrator in such a situation.

The correct choice is (a) SNMP

To EXPLAIN: Simple Network Management Protocol is used for storage management. Lightweight DIRECTORY Access Protocol is used to access or locate information about directories and other resources on a network. Post Office Protocol 3 is used for e-mailing on the internet. Management Information Base is a part of SNMP and contains hierarchically ORGANIZED information.

Right CHOICE is (d) Hub

The best I can explain: Switches, RAID arrays and tape drives are the main storage devices in SMI-S, while a Hub is simple networking DEVICE that cannot be USED as storage.

The correct answer is (d) All of the mentioned

For explanation I WOULD say: SAN management, data PROTECTION and disk operation are the MAIN components of the Storage Management INITIATIVE Specification. SMI-S was developed by the Storage Networking Industry Association.

The correct answer is (c) Layer 3

Best EXPLANATION: IPSec is a set of PROTOCOLS used to provide authentication, DATA INTEGRITY and confidentiality between two machines in an IP NETWORK. It operates in the network layer.

Correct option is (b) Layer 2

Easiest explanation: PPTP STANDS for Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol. PPTP is a tunneling protocol that was PRIMITIVELY USED to create VPNs. It is no longer used for VPNs due to the lack of security it provides.

Correct answer is (a) IPSEC

The EXPLANATION: ESP is a security COMPONENT of IPSec. ESP provides content protection and ensures that there is integrity and confidentiality of the message. The other security components of IPSec are Authentication Header and INTERNET KEY Exchange.

The correct option is (d) IP and IPX

The explanation is: L2TP stands for Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol. It is USED to TUNNEL all the L2 traffic on an IP network and is able to transmit network layer’s IP and IPX protocol DATA.

The correct answer is (c) Usually cheaper than leased lines

Easy EXPLANATION: The services of a VPN are cheaper for MODERATE to large scale institutional NETWORKS than the services of leased lines. Though for a small scale network, it does not prove to be as beneficial as the costs are not REDUCED to a great degree as COMPARED to leased lines.

Correct option is (c) ACCESSIBLE from UNAUTHORIZED public networks

The best explanation: Traffic in a VPN is not accessible from any unauthorized public networks because it is SECURED with the masking IP address. This provides the benefit of access to blocked resources to the users.

The correct option is (d) Is the backbone of the INTERNET

To explain I WOULD say: VPNs are not the backbone of the Internet as they are just a METHOD to create private intranets on the internet. They are USED for enhancing the connection SECURITY for the users.

The correct answer is (C) YMUM

Best explanation: PPTP is a TUNNELING protocol which was initially used for the creation of VPNs. IPSec is used in encrypting the TRAFFIC flowing in the VPN. L2TP is used to tunnel all the L2 traffic on the VPN.

The correct answer is (d) Late 90’s

To explain: VPNs were first introduced in the year 1996. Then as the INTERNET started to get popularized, the NEED for connection security increased. VPN was a great SOLUTION to this, and that’s when VPNs were implemented in the COMMERCIAL world.

The correct CHOICE is (b) VPN

Explanation: VPN provides enhanced SECURITY and ONLINE anonymity to users on the internet. It is also used to unblock websites that are UNAVAILABLE in CERTAIN regions.

The correct CHOICE is (c) DNS spoofing

For EXPLANATION I would say: In DNS spoofing, also KNOWN as DNS cache poisoning, an ATTACKER gets the valid CREDENTIALS from a victim by spoofing the intended resource, and tricking the victim to give his/her valid authorization credentials.

Right answer is (a) INTERNATIONAL data encryption algorithm

Best EXPLANATION: The IDEA was designed in 1991 by Xuejia Lai and James Massey. Before IDEA, PGP USED the cipher METHOD BassOmatic.

Correct choice is (b) Email SECURITY

To explain: PGP is an ENCRYPTION METHOD used in e-mail security to encrypt and decrypt the content of an e-mail transmitted over the internet. It makes SURE that the message cannot be stolen by other unauthorized users.