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Industries can benefit from the huge amount of data available. For example, in the tourism industry, through Big Data travel agencies and hotels can identify the times when there are more crowds and hence more demand for a certain tourist spot.

They can accordingly make arrangements for more flights, trains, buses, tours, labour, essential items, etc. Hotels can use big data to compile and analyse information about their main competitors so that they are aware of what other hotels or businesses are offering customers.

1. petabytes – units of information equal to one thousand million 1000 tetrabytes.

2. exabytes – units of information equal to one quintillion 1000 petabytes

Yes, I have an app that helps me to measure the calories I have eaten and I can thus plan my meals. It also records my weight and tells me whether it has gone up or down. There is a very clear graph too which gives me complete information of the ups and downs in my weight. I have managed to lose a few kilos with the help of this app and feel much healthier now.

(a) ‘Location Tracking’

1. Used by Google Maps and GPS to identify and track location of a place. 

2. Geographic positioning, radio frequency identification sensors data about traffic conditions on particular route. 

3. Can plan route according to travel time, transportation of the goods. 

4. Companies reduce risks in transport improves speed, reliability in delivery.

(b) Health Care Industry

Uses of Big Data: 

Various apps, smartwatches, gadgets, etc. collect data about various functions of our body.

1. Data analyzed and feedback provided. 

2. Doctors can have a better diagnosis of any ailment effects of any drug. 

3. Past data of patients maintained suggestions, solutions for their problems given.

4. Helps in monitoring the outbreaks of epidemics, diseases.

(c) Education Industry

1. Get information about the study patterns of students – can now prepare customized and dynamic learning programmes according to need of individual students. 

2. Every student’s comprehension level is different – course material designed to cater to different requirements of the students. One-size-fits-all pitfall avoided. 

3. Students’ choices, difficulties, results, etc. are available. 

4. Strengths and weaknesses gauged - guidance while choosing career.

Sources of Information: 

1. Facebook 

2. Internet 

3. Whats App 

4. Dictionary 

5. Encyclopedia

A huge data has been created over a period of time from the recording of matches, training sessions and workouts.

I drive a two-wheeler. If I have to go to a new shop/hotel or some other place, I find out the route through GPS and follow this route. I used Google Maps when I went to Goa with my family and wanted to calculate distances and use the best routes.

1. -able – suitable; 

2. -ible – possible;

3. -ial – financial, social; 

4. -ious – suspicious, previous; 

5. -al-natural.

When I am asked for personal details on social media, I first try to find out who wants them and why. I never reveal credit/ debit card pin numbers, even if it is a bank asking me. I never give my mobile/adhaar card numbers either. I also keep my social media accounts private and visible only to friends. Only after checking and re-checking do I give any details, for I know that there are many cases of exploitation going on.

The data enables a sportsperson to study his own performance as well as that of the other players worldwide. It also helps in improving individual as well as team performance.

1. understandable × incomprehensible

2. tiny × massive (huge) 

3. sales × purchase 

4. simple × complex

(a) ‘Once in a blue moon’:

Meaning: very rarely.

Sentence: Our English teacher is very strict and smiles only once in a blue moon.

(b) ‘One man army’ :

Meaning: A ‘one-man army’ is someone who can do, or thinks he can do, everything by himself and without assistance.

Yes, we can. With the Big Data analytics the study of investment patterns of the people can be done. We can analyse the bank deposits made, the loans taken and the equity trading.

We can find out the business across borders. We can find out how many industries have come up, and what the industrial economy is. From all this information, we understand the economy of the country.

Facebook, Google, Twitter.

Big Data has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact location of a place. GPS and Google Maps make use of Big Data. With geographic positioning and radio frequency identification sensors we get the up-to-date data about traffic, congestion on a particular route, information if the route is closed or if it is a one-way route, understanding accident prone areas, etc. Thus, we can plan our own route according to the travel time and the transportation of goods.

If we have ordered something online we can track the location of our goods in transit, we can also track the condition of the goods. All this has immensely helped the logistics companies to reduce risks in transport, improve speed and reliability in delivery.

1. No other networking services provide greater data about people than these internet giants. 

2. No other networking services provide greater data about people than these internet giants. 

OR 

These internet giants provide greater data about people than any other networking services.

He had not only to find the books but also read them before the day ended.

1. leaps and bounds: Suman’s progress in studies increased by leaps and bounds after her health improved. 

2. enhance: We can enhance our looks by having a pleasant expression on our faces. 

3. to make optimum use of: Saurav decided to make optimum use of the Diwali vacation to catch up with his studies.

Progress of all students, would in general, be enhanced.

Yes, Big Data will certainly help to bring improvements in students. Students can learn topics/subj ects. according to their abilities and capacity. They can choose their careers after knowing their strengths and weaknesses, their mental make-up and abilities. Thus, there will be fewer drop-outs, and students will be happy in the careers they have chosen.

New insights have enabled either the banks or the finance companies to come up with suitable plans.

False sentences: 

1. Every student’s level of understanding is the same. 

2. Big Data has brought about a big negative change in the education industry. 

Corrected sentences: 

1. Every student’s level of understanding is different. 

2. Big data has brought about a big positive change in the education industry.

The shadows were lengthening – Main Clause 

when Smita arrived at the college – Subordinate Adverb Clause of Time

Big Data has been useful in identifying as well as tracking the exact location of a place.

Every student’s comprehension level is different, isn’t it?

New insights have enabled either the banks or the finance companies to come up with suitable plans.

Weren’t her family and their well-being her highest priority?

Here, Big Data algorithms are used for making trading decisions.

Weather sensors and satellites help us to understand the weather as well as help in weather forecasting.

Weather sensors and satellites help us to either understand the weather or help in weather forecasting.

Hasn’t Big Data enabled smooth functioning of these agencies and institutions?

The availability of massive data with us can really work wonders.