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7551.

Question : What is the name given to the nerve impulse that jumps from one node to another.

Answer»

SOLUTION :Saltatory CONDUCT of NERVE IMPULSE
Discussion
7552.

Question : What is the name of alternate way of glucose breakdown ? Explain the process involved in it.

Answer»

Solution :Pentose Phosphate phthway :
1. During RESPIRATION breakdown of glucose in cytosol occurs both by glycolysis (about 2/3) as well as by oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (about 1/3) . Pentose phosphate pathway was described by warburg Dicknes and LIPMANN (1938).
2. Hence, it is also called warburg -Dickens- Lipmann pathway . it takes place in cytoplasm of mature plant cells. it is an alternate way for breakdown of glucose.

3. It is also known as hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP shunt ) or direct Oxidative pathway. it consists of TWO phases, oxidative phase and non-oxidative phase.
4. The oxidative events convert six MOLECULES of six carbon glucose -6-phosphate to 6 molecules of five carbon sugar ribulose-5 phosphate with loss of `6CO_2` molecules and generation of 12 `NADPH+H^+` (not NADH).
5. The remaining reactions known as non-oxidative pathway convert ribolose -5- phosphate molecules to various intermediates such as ribose-5- phosphate (5C) ,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (3C) ,sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (7C) and erythrose-4-phosphate(4C).
6. Finally five molecules of glucose-6-phosphate is regennerated. The overall reaction is :
`{:(6xx"glucose-6-phosphate"+12NADP^++6H_2O),(""darr),(5xx"glucose-6-Phosphate"+6CO_2+"pi"+12 NADPH+12H^+):}`
The net result of complete oxidation of one glucose-6-phosphate YIELD `6CO_2 and 12 NADPH+H^+` . The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway is controlled by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme which is inhibited by high ratio of `NADPH` to `NADP^+`.
Discussion
7553.

Question :What is the name given to the cotyledon in case of Monocots.

Answer»

SOLUTION :SCUTELLUM
Discussion
7554.

Question : What is the name given to the membrane of a vacuole and the fluid it contain?

Answer»

SOLUTION :The MEMBRANE is called TONOPLAST and the fluid CELL SAP.
Discussion
7555.

Question : What is the name given to knee cap?

Answer»

SOLUTION :PATELLA.
Discussion
7556.

Question : What is the name given to 10^(th) cranial nerve ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :VAGUS NERVE
Discussion
7557.

Question : What is the name give to a small circular DNA present outside the genomics DNA in some bacteria?

Answer»

SOLUTION :PLASMID.
Discussion
7558.

Question : What is the movement of water withrespect to water potential?

Answer»

Solution :WATER MOVES from a REGION of higherwater POTENTIAL to one of lower potential.
Discussion
7559.

Question : What is the most suitable form of energy in the cells ? Give reason for your answer.

Answer»

Solution :Chemical ENERGY, it can be EASILY stored, TRANSFERRED and transformed.
Discussion
7560.

Question : What is the most significant role of pericycle ?

Answer»

SOLUTION : FORMATION of LATERAL ROOTS.
Discussion
7561.

Question : What is the most important function of chloroplast?

Answer»

SOLUTION :PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Discussion
7562.

Question :What is the morphological nature of the tendril of Smilax?

Answer»

SOLUTION :STIPULAR
Discussion
7563.

Question : What is the mode of reproduction in bacteria ?

Answer»

Solution :Mainly by FISSION, Production of spores in UNFAVOURABLE CONDITIONS. Sexual reproduction by DNA transfer.
Discussion
7564.

Question : What is the mode of nutrition in Euglena ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Both AUTOTROPHIC and HOLOZOIC NUTRITION.
Discussion
7565.

Question :What is the microtubular arrangement in the centrioles?

Answer»

SOLUTION :9+ 0 ARRANGEMENT
Discussion
7566.

Question : What is the mechanism underlying the phenomenon by which the terminal/apical bud suppresses the growth of lateral buds ? Suggest measures to overcome this phenomenon.

Answer»

Solution :The PHENOMENON by which the terminal/apical BUD suppresses the growth of LATERAL buds is called apical dominance. It is due to auxin hormone secreted by apical buds. This can be overcome by DECAPITATION (removal of apical buds) or the application of CYTOKININ.
Discussion
7567.

Question : What is the meaning of suffix 'sperm' in angiosperm and gymnosperm ?

Answer»

Both produce MOTILE sperms
Both produce non-motile sperms
Both produce seeds
Both produce fruits

Solution :Meaning of 'sperm' in ANGIOSPERM and gymnosperm is seed PRODUCTION.
Discussion
7568.

Question : What is the meaning of exarch?

Answer»

SOLUTION :The protoxylem is PRESENT towards the periphery while the METAXYLEM is towards the centre.
Discussion
7569.

Question : What is the mass of protoplasm centering of many nuclei in fungi called?

Answer»

SOLUTION :COENOCYTIC.
Discussion
7570.

Question : What is the main site of selective reabsorption?

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SOLUTION :PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE of NEPHRON.
Discussion
7571.

Question : What is the main mode of by which Fungi reproduce?

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SOLUTION :SPORES and BUDDING.
Discussion
7572.

Question : What is the main kind of nutrition found in fungi?

Answer»

SOLUTION :SAPROPHYTIC and PARASITIC.
Discussion
7573.

Question : What is the main function of thrombocytes?

Answer»

SOLUTION :INITIATE BLOOD CLOTTING MECHANISMS.
Discussion
7574.

Question : What is the main function of the stomodaeal valve in thegut of cockroach?

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Solution :ALLOWS the food to PASS into the midgut andprevents return into the GIZZARD.
Discussion
7575.

Question : What is the main function of contractile vacuoles in protozoans ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :OSMOREGULATION
Discussion
7576.

Question :What is the main basis for the classification of sponges ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :NATURE of SKELETON
Discussion
7577.

Question : What is the location of intrinisc (integral) proteins in the cell membrane.

Answer»

SOLUTION :In the PHOSPHOLIPID MATRIX.
Discussion
7578.

Question : What is the leucocytes number per mm^(3) of blood ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :About 8,000 to 10,000 LEUCOCYTES PER `mm^(3)` of BLOOD .
Discussion
7579.

Question : What is the life span of RBC in humans ?

Answer»

120 DAYS
210 days
220 days
200 days

Solution :120 days
Discussion
7580.

Question : What is the labelled blood vessels A, B, C or D carries oxygenated blood ?

Answer»

A and B
B and C
A and D
B and D

Solution :A-Systemic artery
B-Systemic vein
C-Pulmonary artery
D-Pulmonary vein
Pulmonary vein brings oxygenated blood from LUNGS to the heart and systemic andsystemic artery distributes oxygenated blood to the body.
Discussion
7581.

Question : What is the importance of vertebrat foramen?

Answer»

Solution :It is a HOLLOW CENTRAL opening in each VERTEBRAE through which the SPINAL CORD passes.
Discussion
7582.

Question : What is the importance of potassium in the opening and closing of stomata?

Answer»

Solution :Accumulation of K in guard cells in light increases the asmotic potential of the guard cells, this causes opening of stoma. In DARK, K moves out of the guard cells and their OSMOTIC potential becomes less negative. THUS water OSMOSES out of the guard cells and their turgidity decreases. This causes stomatal closure.
Discussion
7583.

Question : What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves ?

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SOLUTION :(i) Pneumatic bones are light but STRONG, the FEATURE which helps in flight.
(II) Air sacs increase the efficiency of respiration and provide buoyancy to the ANIMALS.
Discussion
7584.

Question : What is the importanceof plasma proteine?

Answer»

Solution :Albumin, globulin and FIBRINOGEN are called plasma proteins. Albumin HELPS in the osmotic blance of the body. Globulin is involved in DEFENSE mechanism of the body and fibrinogens are needed for clotting of blood.
Discussion
7585.

Question : What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in birds?

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Solution :PNEUMATIC bones in BIRDS keep the body LIGHT and thus help in flight. AIR sacs help in respiration andbuoyancy.
Discussion
7586.

Question : What is the importance of plasma proteins ?

Answer»

Solution :In PLASMA proteins
(1) fibrinogen - HELP in clottig blood
(2) Globulin - for immune responses of the body and
(3) ALBUMIN - Work for osmotic REGULATION
Discussion
7587.

Question : What is the importance of lateral meristematic region?

Answer»


ANSWER :SECONDARY GROWTH.
Discussion
7588.

Question : What is the importance of inflorescence.

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SOLUTION :Function of inflorescence is to display the flowers for EFFECTIVE pollination and facilitate sce dispersal. The grouping of flowers in ONE place gives a better attraction to the VISITING pollinators and MAXIMIZE the energy of the plant.
Discussion
7589.

Question : What is the importance of having a long loop of Henle and short loop of Henle in a nephron?

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Solution :The major function of Henle's LOOP is to CONCENTRATE `Na^+` and `Cl^(-)` . The LONGER the Henle's loop, the more concentrated is the URINE that is above the osmotic concentration of plasma.
Discussion
7590.

Question : What is the importance of F_(0)-F_(1) particles in ATP production during aerobic respiration.

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Solution :(i)ETS in mitochondria occurs in inner mitochondrial membrane.
(ii)Oxygen acts as final acceptor of electrons in ETS and protons to form water MOLECULE.
(III)`F_(0)`is an integral membrane protein complex and has a proton channel while `F_(1)` has enzyme ATP SYNTHETASE to form ATP.
(iv)One molecule of NADH PRODUCES 3 ATP molecules in ETS. `F_(0)` of oxysome as proton channel for transmembrane passage of protons. While `F_(1)` of oxysome has ATP synthetase for the SYNTHESIS of ATP.
Discussion
7591.

Question : What is the green cap-like part of brinjal fruit?

Answer»

Corolla
Perianth
CALYX
Pistil

Solution :Calyx
Discussion
7592.

Question : What is the G_o (quiescent phase) of cell cycle?

Answer»

Solution :It is cells that do not need no divide fun their, exit `G_o`, PHASE of the CELL division phase, to enter an inactive phase called `G_o`. They remain metabolically active but do not PROLIFERATE (i.e., multiply) phase where cell exits from cell division of it under TAKES growth phase.
Discussion
7593.

Question : What is the genetic reason for evolution of Darwin's finches ?

Answer»

Solution :GENETIC VARIATION is the ALX1 gene in the DNA of Darwin.s finches is associated with variation in the beak SHAPE. Mild mutation is the ALX1 genes LEADS to phenotypic CHANGES in the shape of the beak as in Darwin finches.
Discussion
7594.

Question : What is the genetic constitution of endosperm in angiosperms ?

Answer»


ANSWER :TRIPLOID
Discussion
7595.

Question : What is the function/role of bulliform cells in grasses ?

Answer»

Solution :They help in reducing TRANSPIRATION by ROLLING ofthe leaf UPWARD and INWARD during dry SEASON.
Discussion
7596.

Question : Explain any three functions of Testosterone.

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Solution :Functions of testosterone : Under the influence of FSH and LH, testosterone initiates maturation of MALE reproductive organs, and the appearance of SECONDARY sexual characters, muscular growth, growth of facial and axillary hair, masculine voice and male sexual behaviour. It enhances the total BONE matrix and plays a stimulating ROLE in the process of spermatogenesis.
Discussion
7597.

Question : What is the functional significance of the periosteum in along bone?

Answer»

Solution :The periosteum is essential for GROWTH in bone diameter, bone repair, and bone NUTRITION. It also SERVES asa point of attachment for LIGAMENTS and tendons.
Discussion
7598.

Question : What is the function of tongue?

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SOLUTION :TONGUE HELPS in INTAKE of food, chew and mix food with saliva, to swallow food and also to SPEAK. The upper surface of the tongue has small projections called papillae with taste buds.
Discussion
7599.

Question : What is the function of Tropomyosin?

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SOLUTION :It WORKS as on and off SWITCH for the CONTRACTILE MECHANISM.
Discussion
7600.

Question : Write any two functions of digestive system.

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Solution :The function of the DIGESTIVE system is to BRING the nutrients, water and ELECTROLYTES from the EXTERNAL environment into every cell in the body through the circulatory system.
Discussion