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15001.

Question : Mention the cyanobacteria leading endophytic relation with Cycas roots.

Answer»

SOLUTION :NOSTOC and ANABAENA
Discussion
15002.

Question : Mention the demerits of Sexual system of classification?

Answer»

Solution :1. Totally unrelated plants were kept in a single GROUP, whereas closely related plants were placed in widely SEPARATED groups. ,
(i) Eg: Zingiberaceae of monocotyledons and Anacardiaceae of dicotyledonous were placed under the class Monandria since these possess single stamens.
(ii) Prunus was classified along with CACTUS because of the same number of stamens.
2. No ATTEMPTS were made to classify plants based on either natural or phylogenetic relationships which exist AMONG plant groups.
Discussion
15003.

Question : Mention the constituents of periderm.

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SOLUTION :PHELLOGEN, PHELLEM and PHELLODERM.
Discussion
15004.

Question : Mention the conditions under which the C_4plants are superior to C_3plants.

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Solution :`C_4`Plant grow in REGIONS with high temperatures and intense light. The RATE of transpiration in `C_4`plant is 25% of a `C_3`plant, thusthey conserve water and have greater photosynthetic rate gives greater rate of growthin intense sunshine and high TEMPERATURE.
Discussion
15005.

Question : Mention the components of Phloem.

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Solution :Phloem CONSISTS of FOUR Types of CELLS:
1.Sieve elements, 2. Companion cells 3. Phloem parenchyma and 4. Phloem fibres
Discussion
15006.

Question : Mention the characteristics and types of plant growth regulators.

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Solution :The plant growth regulators (PGRs) are small, simple molecules of diverse chemical composition.
They could be indole compounds (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA), adenine derivatives (`N^(6)` – furfurylamino purine, kinetin), derivatives of carotenoids (abscisic acid, ABA), terpenes (gibberellic acid, `GA_(3)`) or GASES (ethylene, `C_(2)H_(4)`).
Plant growth regulators are variously described as plant growth substances, plant hormones or phytohormones in literature.
Types of PGRs : The PGRs can be broadly divided into two groups BASED on their functions in a living plant body.
One group of PGRs are INVOLVED in growth promoting activities, such as cell division, cell enlargement, pattern formation, tropic growth, flowering, fruiting and seed formation.
These are also called plant growth promoters, e.g., auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins.
The PGRs of the other group play an important role in plant responses to wounds and stresses of biotic and abiotic origin.
They are also involved in various growth inhibiting activities such as dormancy and abscission.
The PGR abscisic acid belongs to this group.
The gaseous PGR, ethylene, could fit either of the groups, but it is largely an inhibitor of growth activities.
Discussion
15007.

Question : Mention the cell wall chemicals of parenchyma

Answer»

SOLUTION :CELLULOSE & PECTIN.
Discussion
15008.

Question : Mention the botanical name of the plant in which conjoint, bicollateral and open type of vascular bundles are found.

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SOLUTION :CUCURBITA
Discussion
15009.

Question : Mention the alternateterminologies and symbolic representation of solute potential and Matric potential.

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SOLUTION :`{:("S. No.","Potential Energy","Alter TERMINOLOGY","Symbolic REPRESENTATION"),("(a)","Solute potential","Osmotic potential",""Psi_(S)),("(b)","MATRIC potential","IMBIBITION pressure",""Psi_(M)):}`
Discussion
15010.

Question : Mention the advantages of MOET.

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SOLUTION :MOET
Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer technology :
1. Advantage of this technology is to produce high milk yieldingfemales andhigh-qualitymeat yielding bulls in a short time.
2. Itis applicable to cattle, sheep and buffaloes.
3. It is AMETHOD of propagation of animalswith DESIRABLE traits in animal breeding.
4. This methodcanbe appliedwhenthe success rate of crossingis low evenafter artificial INSEMINATION.
Discussion
15011.

Question : Mention special features of eye in cockroach. Discuss compound eye in arthropods and mention its structural features.

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Solution :The eye of cockroach is situated at the dorsal surface of the head in the form of black kidney shaped patches. It is a compound eye. Each eye consists of about 2000 hexagonal ommatidia. Each COM pound eye possesses diopeteric region and receptor region. It is able to form different images of whatever it sees. Hence cockroach can receive several images of an object. This kind of vision is MOSAIC vision.From inner end of each compound eye THIN nerve fibres EMERGE. They all unite and make vision nerve which CONNECTS to brain.
Discussion
15012.

Question : Mention one example each for animals with chitinous exoskeleton and those covered by a calcareous shell.

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SOLUTION :COCKROACH, PILA RESPECTIVELY.
Discussion
15013.

Question : Mention location of thymus gland in the body and state its importance.

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Solution :The thymus gland is a lobular structure located between lungs behind sternum on the VENTRAL side of aorta.
The thymus plays a major ROLE in the development of the immune system.
Thymus gland secretes the peptide hormone CALLED THYMOSINS.
Thymosins play a major role in the DIFFERENTIATION of T-lymphocytes, which provide cell mediated immunity.
Thymosins also promote production of antibodies to provide humoral activity.
Thymus is degenerated in old individuals resulting in a decreased production of thymosins. As a result, the immune responses of old persons become weak.
Discussion
15014.

Question : Mention important matters for C_(4) plants.

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Solution :In `C_(4)` plants photorespiraiton does not occur. This is because they have a MECHANISM that increase the concentration of `CO_(2)` at the ENZYME SITE.
This takes place when the `C_(4)` acid from themesophyll is BROKEN down in the bundle cells to release `CO_(2)`.
This RESULTS in increasing the intracellular concentration of `CO_(2)`.
In turn, this ensures that the RuBisCO functions as a carboxylase minimising the oxygease activity.
So the productivity of `C_(4)` is more
Discussion
15015.

Question : Mention important function of Golgi apparatus.

Answer»

SOLUTION :COLLECTION, PACKAGING, SECRETION and TRANSPORT.
Discussion
15016.

Question : Mention few places in plants where collenchyma cells can be observed ?

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Solution :HYPODERMIS of dicot stem, PETIOLE, pedicle.
Discussion
15017.

Question : Mention divisions of algae and their main characteristics .

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
15018.

Question : Mention few antibiotics produced by Streptomyces group of fungi.

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SOLUTION :STREPTOMYCIN, CHLORAMPHENICOL and TETRACYCLINE.
Discussion
15019.

Question : Mention any two ways in which single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) identified in human genome can bring revolutionary change in biological and medical science.

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Solution :Scientists have identified about 1.4 million locations where single base DNA differences (SNPs = Single nucleotide polymorphism - pronounced as .snips.) occur in HUMANS. Identification of .SNIPS. is helpful in finding chromosomal locations for disease associated sequences and tracing human history.`
(i) Mapping of human chromosome is possible to examine a person.s DNA and to identify genetic abnormalities. This extremely useful in diagnosing disease and to provide genetic COUNSELLING to those planning to have a children. This kind of information would CREATE possibilities for new gene therapies.
(ii) DNA sequences can lead to an understanding of their NATURAL capabilites that can be applied towards solving challenges in healthcare, AGRICULTURE, energy production and environmental remediation.
(iii) A new era of molecular medicine characterised by looking into the most fundamental causes of disease than treating the symptoms will be an important advantage.
Discussion
15020.

Question : Mention any two plants having multi seriate epidermis.

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SOLUTION :FICUS & NERIUM.
Discussion
15021.

Question : Mention any two morphological characters to differentiate monocots from dicots.

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
15022.

Question : Mention any two endozoic algae.

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SOLUTION :CHLORELLA and CLADOPHORA crispata.
Discussion
15023.

Question : Mention any two algae members used in Agar-Agar production.

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SOLUTION :GRACILARIA and Gigartina.
Discussion
15024.

Question : Mention any three similarities found common in Neaderthal man and Homo sapiens.

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Solution :SIMILARITIES found in Neanderthal MAN and Homo SAPIENS.
(i) They knew to protect their bodies. Neanderthal man used animal HIDES to protect theirbodies.
(ii) They knew the use of fire.
(iii) They buried their dead.
Discussion
15025.

Question : Mention any three salient features of Angiosperms.

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Solution :1. Vascular tissue (Xylem and Phloem ) is well DEVELOPED.
2. Flowers are produced instead of cone.
3. The embryo sac (Ovule) remains enclosed in the ovary.
4. Pollen tube HELPS in fertilization, so water is not essential for fertilization.
5. Double fertilization is present. The endosperm is triploid.
(i) ANGIOSPERMS arebroadly classified into two classes namely
(ii) DICOTYLEDONS and
(iii) Monocotyledons.
Discussion
15026.

Question : Mention any three Pteridophytes and their economic value.

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SOLUTION :ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE of PTERIDOPHYTE
Discussion
15027.

Question : Mention any three functions of seeds.

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Solution :FUCTIONS of SEEDS:
1. The seed encloses and protects the embryo. i.e., the next GENERATION.
2. It contains food for the development of embryo.
3. It is MEANS for the dispersal of new individuals of the species.
Discussion
15028.

Question : Mention any one character shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms.

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Solution :`{:(,"Gymnosperms","Angiosperms"),(1,"VESSELS are absent (EXCEPT Gnetales)","Vessels are present"),(2,"Phloem lacks COMPANION cells","Companion cells are present"),(3,"Ovules are naked.","Ovules are enclosed within the ovary"):}`
Discussion
15029.

Question : Mention any one character in which algae differ from bryophytes.

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SOLUTION :In algae, SEX ORGANS are NAKED structures, WHEREAS in bryophytes, they remain protected by jacketcells.
Discussion
15030.

Question : Mention any four unclassified minerals.

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SOLUTION :SODIUM, COBALT, SILICON and SELENIUM.
Discussion
15031.

Question : Mention any four Phytohormone.

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Solution :AUXINS, gibberellins, CYTOKININ, ethylene, abscissic acid.
Discussion
15032.

Question : Mention a isngle membrane bound organelle which is rich in hydrolytic enzymes.

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SOLUTION :LYSOSOMES.
Discussion
15033.

Question : Mention a single membrane bound organelle which is rich in hydrolytic enzymes.

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Solution :Lysosome is a membrane bound ORGANELLE. It is produced from Golgi BODIES. These ORGANELLES have hydrolysing enzymes digesting all BIOMOLECULES LIKE carbohydrates, protein, fats etc.
Discussion
15034.

Question : Mention 2 parasitic round worms.

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SOLUTION :ASCARIS, ENTEROBIUS
Discussion
15035.

Question : Membranous labyrinth is

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Middle EAR 
TYMPANUM 
Nictitating MEMBRANE 
INTERNAL ear 

ANSWER :D
Discussion
15036.

Question : State whether the following statement is true or false.Membranes usually have a negative charge on their outersurface.A. TrueB. False

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ANSWER :FALSE
Discussion
15037.

Question : Membrane separating air in pulmonary alveoli from blood capillaries is :

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Alveolarepithelium
Cardiac EPITHELIUM
Capillary endothelium
Both (a) &(B)

ANSWER :D
Discussion
15038.

Question : Membrane-bounded vesicles that contain enzymes foroxidising small organic molecules with the formation of hydrogen peroxide are :

Answer»

VACUOLES
GLYOXISOMES
lysosomes
PEROXISOMES

SOLUTION :peroxisomes
Discussion
15039.

Question : Membrane bound vesicular structures formed from golgi complex are

Answer»

Peroxysomes
Lysosomes
Glyoxysomes
ER

ANSWER :B
Discussion
15040.

Question : Membrane bound minute vesicles with enzymatic matrix present in both plant and animal cells are

Answer»

MICROBODIES
Microsomes
RIBOSOMES
PLASTIDS

ANSWER :A
Discussion
15041.

Question : State whether the following statements are true or false. Members of Zygomycotina and Oomycotina are called the'algal fungi' because they have many common features with algae especially in the thallus structure and reproduction. A. TrueB. False

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ANSWER :TRUE
Discussion
15042.

Question : Members of Phycomycetes are found in : (i) Aquatic habitats (ii) On decaying wood (iii) Moist and damp places (iv) As obligate parasites on plants. Choose form the following options. (A) (i) and (iv) (B) (ii) and (iii) (C) All of these (D) None of these

Answer»

(i) and (IV) 
(ii) and (iii) 
All of these
None of these 

Solution :PHYCOMYCETES is the group of FUNGI which is characterized by aseptate and coenocytic mycelium. They can live in a WIDE variety of habitat. They can be aquatic or saprotrophic or parasitic or could be living in moist and damp places. Some examples of phycomycetes are Rhizopns (black bread mould), Mucor (dung mould), Albugo (parasitic fungi).
Discussion
15043.

Question : Membersof Chondrichthyes have to swimcontinuously , because they

Answer»

LIVE in SEA water
lack operculum
lack air BLADDER
have venous heart

Answer :C
Discussion
15044.

Question :Member of Solanaceae family having edible fruits with medicinal property is

Answer»

S. xanthocarpum
S. nigrum
S. TUBEROSUM
S. melongena

Answer :B
Discussion
15045.

Question : Melatonin is secreted by

Answer»

pinearl BODY
skin
Pituitary GLAND
thyroid.

Answer :A
Discussion
15046.

Question : Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) is produced by

Answer»

A) ANTERIOR pituitary
B) POSTERIOR pituitary
C) PARS intermedia of pituitary
D) parathyroid
Discussion
15047.

Question : Meiotic division takes place in the cells of:

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ROOT tips
stem tips
pollen MOTHER CELLS
LEAF tips

Answer :C
Discussion
15048.

Question : Meiosis takes place in

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meiocyte
conidia
gemmule
megaspore

Answer :A
Discussion
15049.

Question : Meiosis results in

Answer»

PRODUCTION of gametes
Reduction in the NUMBER of chromosomes
Introduction of variation
all of the above

Answer :D
Discussion
15050.

Question :Meiosis takes place in

Answer»

gemmule
megaspore
meiocyte
conidia

ANSWER :C
Discussion