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It was proposed by Suton and Boveri
The behavior of chromosomes is parallel to the behaviour or GENES
Chromosomes and genes OCCUR in pairs in DIPLOID and haploid cells, respectively
The PAIRED condition of both chromosomes as well as Mendelian factors, is RESORTED during fertilization

Epistasis
Duplicate genes
Incomplete dominance
Complementary genes

3
6
5
4

`IANDII` only
`iandiii` only
iii and IV only
ii and iv only

(a) and ©
(B) & (C)
(b) & (d)
(a) &(d)

APOTHECIUM - Peziza
Ascostroma - Pleospora
Perithecium - Claviceps
Cleistothecium - Neurospora

LEAF TENDRILS - SWEET pea
Leaf SPINES - Cactus
Phyllodes - Aloe
Storage organ - Garlic

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE pills-Prevent ovulation
Barrier methods-prevents lactation
Vasectomy-prevents GAMETE transport

Thrombocytes-Clotting of blood
Eosinophils-Allergic REACTIONS of the body
Monocytes-Directly PARTICIPATE in phagocytosis
Basophils-Inflammatory reactions of the body

An ETAERIO of ACHENES - Strawberry
Hesperidum - Orange
Pome - Cucumber
Berry - Grapes

Scapula-Situated in between `2^(ND)` to `7^(th)` ribs
Ball and socket joint-Humerous and pectoral girdle
Rib cage-Formed by VERTEBRAE,ribs and stemum
Pelvic girdle-Aarticulates with thigh BONE at public symphysis

OPEN sea
COASTAL region
Estuaries
None of these

FRANKIA - Alnus
Rhodospirillum - Mycorrhiza
Anabaena - NITROGEN fixed
Rhizobium - Alfalfa

(A), (B) only
(B). (C) only
(C), (D) only
(D) only

`P^frownA`-Epiphyllous STAMENS
`barG_n`-SUPERIOR OVARY
`C_((n))`-GAMOPETALOUS corolla
Ebr-Ebracteate flower

Glucose is the favoured substrate for respiration
Acetyl Co-A is the raw material for fatty acid and gibberellic acid SYNTHESIS
OAA is the raw material for synthesis of ALKALOID
`ALPHA`-Ketoglutaric acid is the raw material for synthesis of CHLOROPHYLL and cytochromes

The amides-aspargine and glutamine are found in plant as STRUCTURAL PART of protein
Amides CONTAIN less nitrogen than amino acid
`NH_(2)` radicle is TRANSPORTED to other parts via xylem
In soyabean, fixed nitrogen is transported ureides

ABA acts as ANTAGONIST to GAs
Ethylene can ACT both as a PROMOTOR and an INHIBITOR of growth activity.
Auxin and ethylene promotes apical dominance.
ABA promotes seed germination

In 1983, an American COMPANY Elililly produced chain -A and chain B separately byintroducing two DNA sequences in plasmid of E. Coli.
Insulin CONSISTS of chains two -A and chain-B which are linked to eah other by disulphide bond
In world, about 20 RECOMBINANT therapeutics have been approved for human use, of which about 10 are being marketed in INDIAN at present
Earlier, insulin was isolated from pancreas of the slaughtered cattele and pigs

ASEXUAL reproduction does not involve the formation or fusion of gametes
The offsprings FORMED by asexual reproduction are identical and are REFERRED to as clone
Zoospores, CONIDIA etc, are the most common asexual structures formed in SEVERAL algae and fungi
The offsprings formed by sexual reproduction are indentical and are referred to as clone

It is THALLUS like and MAY be prostrate or erect
It lack true roots, stems or leaves
Xylem and PHLOEM are present
It is attached to substratum by UNICELLULAR or multicellular rhizoids

(B) & (E)
(b), (d), (e)
(a), (C), (e)
Only (b)

Numbers and codes are assigned to all observable characters
All observable characters are GIVEN equal Importance considering sexual characters on the topmost priority
Organisation and ANALYSIS of data forms CORE of numerical taxonomy
Notations like '0', + and - are USED for data not available, PRESENCE and absence of character respectively

Fully DEVELOPED foetus and placenta induce MILD UTERINE contractions
It is a complex neuroendocrine mechanism
FOETAL ejection feflex triggers release of oxytocin from foetal pituitary
The signal for parturition is CALLED foetal ejection reflex

Sexual REPRODUCTION is by planogametic FUSION of gametangial contact
Multinucleate septate coenocytic MYCELIUM is present
Hyphal wall contains cellulose and other glycans
Aquatic MEMBERS form zoospore for asexual reproduction

It is a group of immature cells
It is the area of ACTIVE cell division in a plant
It is RESPONSIBLE for the formation of primary plant body
Lateral MERISTEMS OCCUR in all plants

found in natural regions of ROOTS and shoots
helps in INCREASING LENGTH of the plant

Starch and fat reach stomach TOTALLY undigested from ORAL cavity.
Dentition is heterodont,diphydont and thecodont
Muscularis externa mainly consists of outer longitudinal and INNER circular muscle LAYER
Intestinal gland are present mainly in mucosal layer except Brunner`s glands

MEMBRANE BOUND organelles are present
Sap vacuoles are commonly found in plant cells
Contains 80 S ribosomes
Plasma membrane is symmetrical in nature

It is an IRREVERSIBLE permanent increase in SIZE of an organ
l It is accompanied by METABOLIC processes
In LIVING ORGANISMS, growth is from inside
In animals and plants, growth is seen onlyupto a certain age

Its propagation TAKES PLACE by breaking of offsets.
It was introduced in Bengal because of its beautiful flowers and stems
It grows in stagnant water
Highly invasive AQUATIC weed REFERRED as "TERROR of Bengal"

Have SPECIALISED ROOTS CALLED coralloid roots which are associated with N2 FIXING cyanobacteria
it is heterosporous
It has pinnate leaves which PERSIST for few years,(
It bears branched stems

May appear yellow, green, brown, blue or red in colour
Some MEMBER releases toxin that may even kill other marine animals
Have two FLAGELLA, both LIE transversely
They are MOSTLY marine organism.

FOOD is stored in the form of mannitol
Vegetative cells have coating of algin,SURROUNDING the CELLULOSIC wall
Zoospores are PYRIFORM and BEAR two equal laterally attached fiagella
It is marine alga

Uphill MOVEMENT of materials takes place across the membrane
Solute particles MOVE against the CONCENTRATION gradient
Energy dependent process
Active transport do not REQUIRES energy

It can OCCUR with or without gamete fusion
It can occur through unspecialised or speciallised parts of the parent.
Simple and QUICK method of REPRODUCTION
Common MODE of reproduction in LOWER organisms

Cartwheel-like organization
They are made up of nine EVENLY spaced PERIPHERAL fibrils of tubulin
The CENTAL PART is non-proteinaceous and called the hub
They FORM the basal body of cilia or flagella.

It is used to determine the GENOTYPE of a plant showing DOMINANT trait
This cross can HELP in predicting the linkage between TWO traits .
This cross determines the ability of two species to undergo successful interbreeding
It produces equal number of genotypes and phenotypes in a progeny

it is ENDOTHERMIC (endergonic) process
it is a physico-chemical process
It is a REDOX process
It is a NON ENZYMATIC process

urothelium forms the internal lining of urinary bladder
neck REGION of urinary bladder processes two sphincters, involuntary internal sphincter and VOLUNTARY external sphincter
in both MALE and female urethra acts as urinogenital duct
kidneys are retroperitoneal in position

Leading STRAND is formed in `5'to3'` direction
Okazaki fragments are formed in `5'to3'` direction
DNA polymerase catalyses polymerisation in `5' to 3'` direction
DNA polymerase catalyses polymerisation in `3' to 5'` direction

HELICAL STRUCTURE (secondary structure) of enzyme CONTAINS ACTIVE SITE
Catalytic activity of an enzyme is inversely proportional to km constant.
Catalytic structure of most of the enzymes are tertiary and globular
Active site of an enzyme is a crevice in which substrate fits

(a) only
(B) & ( C) only
(a)& ( c) only
(a), (b) and(c )

Chrysophytes are FOUND in fresh water as WELL as in marine environment.
Dinoflagellates are mostly fresh water organisms and photosynthetic.
Majority of EUGLENOIDS are fresh water organisms.
Slime MOULDS are saprophytic protist

All carbohydrates are usually converted into glucose before they used for RESPIRATION
In includes both anabolism and catabolism
Acetyl COA is the connecting link between fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism
PGAL is used for synthesis of PYRUVIC acid, which LATER on forms carbohydrate

GLOMERULAR filtrate is isotonic in comparision to blood plasma
Due to maximum absorption in PCT filtrate BECOMES hypertonic
Active secretion of `H^+ & K^+` ions takes place in DCT
Some amount of urea passes from collecting duct to medullary interstitium and enters ascending LIMB of loop of Henle

I, II and III only
I, II and IV only
III only
II, III and IV only

The cells of medullary RAYS , adjoining the intrafascicular cambium BECOMES meristematic and forms interfascicular cambium.
In isobilateral leaf, the MESOPHYLL is undifferentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma.
Vascular BUNDLES in a dicot stem are arranged in a SCATTERED manner.
Bulliform cells are observed in the levels of some monocots

in MALE grasshoppers `50%` of the sperms have nosex chromosome
in domesticated FLOWS, sex of progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than egg.
human males have one of their sex CHROMOSOMES much shorter than the other.
male FRUIT FLY is heterogametic

PHLOEM TRANSLOCATES the food material in bidirectional manner.
Short distance TRANSPORT in plants OCCURS by diffusion and cytoplasmic streaming
Transport through xylem occurs in bidirectional manner
Xylem transports the water, minerals and some organic nitrogen