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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1951. |
Question : What is not true for genetic code ? |
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Answer» A codon in m RNA is read in a non - contiguous fashion (i) The genetic code is WRITTEN in linear form , using the ribonucleotide bases that compose mRNA molecule as LETTERS. (ii) Each word of codon consists of THREE letters, i.e., the codon is triplet. (iii) The genetic code inside the cell medium is said to be non - ambiguous. (iv) The code is degenerate , i.e. a given AMINO ACID can be specified by more than onecodons. (v)The codon contains start and stop signals. (vi) The code is non - overlapping. |
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| 1952. |
Question : What is not true for genetic code? |
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Answer» It is unambiguous |
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| 1953. |
Question : What is not similar in coelenterata and ctenophora? |
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Answer» BODY wall |
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| 1954. |
Question : What is not related with Fallopian tube? |
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Answer» FERTILIZATION occurs |
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| 1955. |
Question : What is not included in ecological pyramids ? |
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Answer» producers |
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| 1956. |
Question : What is normal RBC count and total WBC count? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :AVERAGE RBC count in ADULT human is 5.1 to 5.8 million PER cubic mm and average TOTAL WBC count in adult human is 5000 to 9000 per cubic mm. | |
| 1957. |
Question : What is not done for attaining good health ? |
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Answer» Ignorance of diseases |
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| 1958. |
Question : What is not available in explant? |
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Answer» Cell |
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| 1959. |
Question : What is Noise ? State the effect of it and mention the measures to control it. |
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Answer» Solution :In India, the Air (PREVENTION and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in 1981 and was amended in 1987 to include noise as an air pollutant. Noise is undesired high level of sound. High sound level greater than 150 dB or more generated by take off or a jet plane or rocket may damage ear drums thus permanently IMPAIRING hearing ability. Noise also causes sleeplessness, increased heart beating, altered breathing pattern, thus considerably stressing humans. Reduction of noise in industries can be affected by use of sound absorbent materials or by muffling noise. Control Measures : (i) Reduction of noise in our industries can be affected by use of sound absorbent materials or by muffling noise (ii) Stringent following of laws laid down in RELATION to noise like delimitation of horn-free ZONES around hospitals and schools. (iii) Permissible sound LEVELS of crackers (iv) Loudspeakers cannot be played after particular time. |
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| 1960. |
Question : What is neuroendocrine system? |
| Answer» Solution :NEUROENDOCRINE system is an integrated and coordinated system CONSISTING of NERVOUS and endocrine system which brings about the COORDINATION of the body. | |
| 1961. |
Question : What is new auto fuel policy? |
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Answer» Solution :NEW auto FUEL policy has laid out a road map to cut down VEHICULAR pollution in Indian cities by the Government of India. Strict rules for reducing use of sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel fuels. Euro II stipulate that sulphur can be controlled at 350 parts per million (ppm) in diesel and 150 ppm in petrol. Aromatic hydrocarbons are to be contained at 42 per cent of the CONCERNED fuel. |
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| 1962. |
Question : What is NHC? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :NHC STANDS for Nonhistone CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS. | |
| 1963. |
Question : What is Net Primary Productivity (NPP)? |
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Answer» Solution :NET primary produtivity is the total AMOUNT of energy or biomass stored, after meeting the COST of respiration by producers. NPP = GPP - R Net primary PRODUCTIVITY = Gross productivity - Respiratory rate |
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| 1964. |
Question : What is Neo-Darwinism? What are its advantages over Darwinism? |
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Answer» Solution :This is also called as modern concept of organic evolution. The concept of Neo-Darwinism is a view of evolutionary THEORY arising out of a combination of Mendelian GENETICS, mutation theory by De Vries with Darwinism a group of eminent scientists lie Dobzhansky, De Vries, Weismaa, Fischer, J.B.S Haldane, HJ. Mulles, simpson, Gold Schmidt, Sewall Wright, Huxlay etc., constituted a group called Neo-Darwinism school of thought. According to Neo-Darwinism, the gene pool in sexually reproducing organisms is the focal point to interpret evolutionary changes brought about by mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, genetic recombination, chromosomal aberrations, natural seloction and isolation. 1. According to Darwinism, rapid rate of reproduction leads to struggle for existence during which useful variations help in the survival of an organism picked up by natural SELECTION The accumulation of such variations from generatjon to generation is responsible for the origin of a new species while according to Neo-Darwinism change in the gene frequency is evolution. 2. According to Darwinism, source of variation was not explained. The somatic and genminal variations were not differentiated and were considered as heritable while Neo-Darwinism differentiates somatic and germinal variations and has understood the principle of inheritance. 3. According to Darwinism, evolutionoperates on an organism while Neo-Darwinism believes that evolution operates on a goe pool. 4. According to Darwinism, natural selection operates through survival of the fittest, while in Neo-Darwinism natural selection operates the differential reproduction and comparative reproductive success. 5. According to Danwinism, the survival of the fittest was explnod but not the arival of the fittest while Neo-Darwinism explains the arrival of the fittest |
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| 1965. |
Question : What is Neo-Mendelian genetics ? Describe quantitative inheritance controlled by two pairs of genes. |
Answer» Solution :Neo-Mendelian genetics : After the REDISCOVERY of Mendel's laws, MANY scientists performed experiments on different plants and ANIMALS and many exceptions to Mendelian ratios were observed. On the basis of these obsevations , different patterns of inheritance or gene interractions were DISCOVERED . These can be explained by suitably modifyingMendel's law THEREFORE this called post Mendelian genetics or Neo-Mendelian genetics.
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| 1966. |
Question : What is Neo- Mendelian genetics ? Describethe quantitativeinheritance controlled by two pairsof genes. |
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Answer» Solution :1. NEO- Mendelian genetics : The modification of Mendel's laws whichledtot eh discovery of different patterens of INHERITANCE or gene interations is called Neo- Mendeliangenetics. 2.Quantitativeinheritance controlled by two pairs of genes : (1) The inheritanceof charactersthat aredetermined by two or moregene paireesare called quantitative inheritance. (2) The inheritanceof kernel colour in wheat is a GOODEXAMPLE of quantitative inheritancecontrolledby two pairsof genes. (3) Whena redkerneledvariety of wheatcrossed witha white kerneled variety, in `F_(1)`generation allwheatplantshadgrainswith intermediatecolourbetweenred and white. (4) The `F_(2)`generation gave a ratio of 1 : 4 : 6: 4 : 1 . (5)The continuousvariationsin the expression were as follows : (i) Dark red (like the originalparent ) -1/16 (ii) Medium red (less thanparentplant but morethan ` F_(1)`hybrid )-4/16 (iii) INTERMEDIATE red (like ` F_(1)`hybrids )-6/16 (IV) Light red (less than ` F_(1)`hybrids)- 4/16 (v) white(likethe originalparent )-1/16 |
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| 1967. |
Question : What is Nucellus ? |
| Answer» Solution :The BODY of the ovule is made up of a CENTRAL MASS of parenchymatous tissue caalled NUCELLUS which has large reserve food materials . | |
| 1968. |
Question : What is natality? |
| Answer» Solution :NUMBER of BIRTH rate during a given PERIOD in the population. | |
| 1969. |
Question : What is mellitophily ? |
| Answer» Solution :Sometimes, ants take their shelter on some trees such as Mango, LITCHI, Jamun and Acacia, etc. These ants act as body GUARDS of the PLANTS against any disturbing agent and the plants in turn provide food and shelter to these ants. This phenomenon is KNOWN as Myrmecophily. Example: Acacia and its ants. | |
| 1970. |
Question : What is mycorrhiza? Give example. |
| Answer» Solution : It is a mutual association of fungi with the roots of higher PLANTS. Ectomycorrhiza which OCCURS in the roots of SEVERAL GENERA of Pinus | |
| 1971. |
Question : What is mutation ? Explain with the help of an example how does a kpoint mutation affect the genetic code.Name another type of mutation. |
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Answer» Solution :A mutation is a stable, inheritable change in genetic material. Consider a STATEMENT that is made up of the followingwords each having three LETTERS like genetic code : RAN HAS RED CAP. If we insert B in between HAS and RED and rerrange the statement, it would read as follows : RAM HAS ERD DCAP. The other TYPE of mutation is frameshift insertion or deletion mutation. |
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| 1972. |
Question : What is Mycorrhiza ? |
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Answer» Solution :•Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of higher plants. •The fungus makes available water and MINERALS and PROVIDES protection against pathogens, to the ROOT of the higher PLANT. • While the root of higher plant provides FOOD and shelter to the fungi. |
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| 1973. |
Question : What is mutualism? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :This INTERACTION CONFERS benefits on both the interacting species / both the organisms are benefited. | |
| 1974. |
Question : What is mutualism? Mention any two examples where the organisms involved are commercially exploited in modern agriculture. |
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Answer» Solution :MUTUALISM is an interaction between wo SPECIES of organisms in which both are BENEFITTED from the obligate association. Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria associated with Azolla (a fern) and Rhizobium found in the ROOT nodules of leguminous plant are used in the field of agriculture to increase the SOIL fertility |
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| 1975. |
Question : Define mutagenesis. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Agents which are responsible for mutation are CALLED mutagens, that INCREASE the rate of mutation. MUTATIONS can occur either spontaneously or induced. The production of mutants through exposure of mutagens is called mutagenesis, and the organism is SAID to be mutagenized. | |
| 1976. |
Question : What is multiple alleles? How do the multiple allele affect the organism? |
| Answer» Solution :Multiple alleles refers to more than two alleles, governing the same CHARACTER. ABO blood types in HUMAN beings CONTROLLED by three alleles lead to a total of SIX different genotypes. | |
| 1977. |
Question : What is mucosal associated lymphoid tissue? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :It is LYMPHOID TISSUE located within the lining of respiratory tract, DIGESTIVE tract and URINOGENITAL tract. | |
| 1978. |
Question : What is MTP? Add a note on it. |
| Answer» Solution :Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP): Medical method of abortion is a voluntary or intentional termination of pregnancy in a non-surgical or non-invasive WAY. EARLY medical termination is extremely safe upto 12 weeks (the first trimester) of pregnancy and generally has no impact on a women.s fertility. Abortion during the SECOND trimester is more risky as the foetus becomes intimately associated with the maternal tissue. | |
| 1979. |
Question : What is Morula? |
| Answer» Solution :The first cleavage in zygote produces two identical cells called BLASTOMERES. These PRODUCE 4 cells, then 8 and so on. After 72 hours of fertilization, a loose collection of cells FORMS a berry shaped cluster of 16 or more cells called the morula. | |
| 1980. |
Question : What is moss protonema? |
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Answer» |
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| 1981. |
Question : What is Moriculture ? |
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Answer» Raising of silkworm |
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| 1982. |
Question : What is monocistronic mRNA? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :In Eukaryotes, mRNA MOLECULES are monocistronic with only ONE PROTEIN being derived from each mRNA. | |
| 1983. |
Question : What is Montreal Protocol ? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :Recognising the deleterious affects of OZONE depletion, an international TREATY, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (Canada) in 1987 (effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances. Subsequently MANY more efforts have been made and protocols have laid down definite roadmaps, separately for developed and developing countries, for reducing the emission of CFCs and other ozone depleting CHEMICALS. |
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| 1984. |
Question : What is micropropagation ? Why are plant produced by this techneque called somaclones? Name any two plant which are produced by this method. |
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Answer» Solution :The method of producing many plants through TISSUE CULTURE is called micropropagation. The plants PRODUCED by micropropagation will be genetically IDENTICAL to the original plant from which they were grown, HENCE are called somaclones. Tomato, banana, apple. |
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| 1985. |
Question : What is Micro-Injection? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :RECOMBINANT DNA is directly injected into the NUCLEUS of an animal cell. | |
| 1986. |
Question : What is micro evolution? |
| Answer» Solution :MiCroevolution (evolution on a small scale) refers to the changes in allele frequencies wtnin a population. Allcle frequencies in a population MAY change due to FOUR fundamental forees of evolution such as NATURAL selection, genetic DRIFT, mutation and gene FLOW. | |
| 1987. |
Question : What is menstrual cycle? Explain the phases of menstrual cycle. |
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Answer» Solution :The reproductive cycle in the female PRIMATE is called enstrual cycle. Eg :- Monkey, apes, human beings. Phases of MENSTRUAL cycle are- a) Menstrual phase The cycle begins with the menstrual flow for 3-5 days, due to the break down of endometrial lining of uterus and BLOOD vessels which forms liquid that comes out through vagina. b) Follicular phase During this phase, the PRIMARY follicle in the ovary grow to become fully mature Graffian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of the uterus regenerates through proliferation. c) Ovulatory phase (Ovulation) -Both LH & FSH attain peak level in the middle phase. LH surge induces rupture of graffian follicle and thereby release of ovum (ovulation) d) Luteal phase - In this phase, the remaining part of graffian follicle transform as CORPUS luteum. |
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| 1988. |
Question : What is menstrual cycle ? |
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Answer» Solution :The females of placental animals exhibit cyclic changes in the activities of OVARIES and accessory ducts as well as hormones during reproductive phase. In NON - primate animals this cycle is CALLED as oestrous cycle. E.g., human, monkey, APE etc. |
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| 1989. |
Question : What is menorrhagia ? |
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Answer» ABSENCE of MENSTRUAL CYCLE |
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| 1990. |
Question : What is menstrual cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle? |
| Answer» Solution :The rhythmic series of changes in the sex ORGANS that OCCUR about every 28 DAYS throughout reproductive life is CALLED MENSTRUAL cycle. FSH, Estrogen, LH and Progesterone regulate menstrual cycle. | |
| 1991. |
Question :What is menarche? |
| Answer» Solution : The first MENSTRUATION begins at PUBERTY is called menarche/onset of MENSTRUAL cycle in FEMALE primate. | |
| 1992. |
Question : What is meiocyte? |
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Answer» The CELL UNDERGOES meiosis |
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| 1993. |
Question : What is megasporogenesis? Explain the development of eight nucleate embryosac in flowering plants. |
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Answer» Solution :The process of formation of megaspores from the megaspore mother cell (MMC) is called megasporogenesis. In a majority of flowering plants, one of the megaspores is FUNCTIONAL while the other THREE degenerate. Only the functional megaspore DEVELOPS into the female gametophyte (embryo sac). This method of embryo sac formation from a single megaspore is termed as monosporic development The nucleus of the functional megaspore DIVIDES mitotically to form two nuclei which move to the opposite poles, forming the 2-nucleate embryo sac. Two more sequential mitotic nuclear divisions result in the formation of the 4-nucleate and later the 8-nucleate stages of the embryo sac. After 8-nucleate stage, cell walls are laid down leading to the ORGANIZATION of the typical female gametophyte or embryo sac. In the observation, six of the eight nuclei are surrounded by cell walls and organized into cells, the remaining two nuclei called polar nuclei are situated at the central region. |
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| 1994. |
Question : Define megasporogenesis. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The PROCESS of development of a megaspore from a megaspore mother cell is CALLED MEGASPOROGENESIS and takes place inside the ovule. | |
| 1995. |
Question : What is medical Termination of pregnancy? Mention the safe period for medical Termination of pregnancy. |
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Answer» Solution :1. It is defined as intentional or voluntary TERMINATION of PREGNANCY before full term. 2. It is performed during FIRST TRIMESTER i.e., up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. |
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| 1996. |
Question : What is meant hy .hidden hunger.? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Consumption of food deficient in NUTRIENTS particularly, micronutrients, proteins and VITAMINS is CALLED HIDDEN hunger. | |
| 1997. |
Question : What is meant by true breeding or purebreeding lines / strain ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :A true BREEDING (pure breeding strain ) means it has undergone continuous self POLLINATION having stable train inheritance from parent to offspring. Mating within pure breeding lines PRODUCT offsprings having specific parental traits that are constant in inheritance and experience for MANY generations. Pure line breedrefersto homozygosit only. | |
| 1998. |
Question : What is meant by Total Fertility Rate? How does it differ from Replacement Rate? |
| Answer» Solution : Total fertility rate (TFR) is the AVERAGE number of children which an average COUPLE WOULD produce during their life time.According NCP report of April 2001, TFR of INDIAN population has declined from 3.5 to 3.1. Conversely, replacement rate is the number of children a couple must produce to REPLACE themselves so that there is zero growth rate. It is estimated to be 2.1. | |
| 1999. |
Question : What is meant by the term organic evolution ? |
| Answer» Solution :ORGANIC Evolution can be defined as slow, GRADUAL, CONTINUOUS and IRREVERSIBLE changes through which the PRESENT day complex forms have descended from their simple pre-existing forms of the past. | |
| 2000. |
Question : What is meant by the term .breed ?. What are the objectives of animal breeding? |
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Answer» Solution :A group of animals related by descent and similar in most characters LIKE general appearance, features, size, configuration etc. are said to BELONG to a breed. Animal BREEDING - Objectives : (i) To improve growth rate of animals. (II). HIGH production of milk, eggs, meat, wool etc, and better quality. |
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