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2601.

Question : What does ELISA stands for ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Enzyme LINKED Immuno Sorbent ASSAY (ELISA). It was INVENTED by EVA Engvall and Peter Perlmanin.
Discussion
2602.

Question : What does egg apparatus contain (A) Egg cell + synergids (B) Egg cell + secondary nucleus (C) Three antipodals (D) Synergids + secondary nucleus

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EGG CELL `+` synergids
Egg cell `+` SECONDARY nucleus
Three antipodals
Synergids `+` secondary nucleus

Answer :A
Discussion
2603.

Question : What does ecosystem shows?

Answer»

HOMEOSTASIS 
MINERAL CYCLING 
ENERGY flow 
All of these 

SOLUTION :All of these
Discussion
2604.

Question : What does DNA strand for?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Deoxyribo NUCLEIC ACID.
Discussion
2605.

Question : What does 'e' represent in the integral form of exponential growth equation given below? N_(t)=N_(0)e^(rt)

Answer»

Population DENSITY at TIME 't'
Population density at time 0
INTRINSIC rate of NATURAL increase
The base of natural logarithm

Answer :D
Discussion
2606.

Question : What does drug abuse mean?

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Solution :Several plants, fruits and seeds having hallucinogenic PROPERTIES have been used for hundreds of years in folk-medicine, RELIGIOUS ceremonies and rituals all over the globe.
When these are taken for a PURPOSE other than medicinal use or in AMOUNTS or frequency that impairs ones physical, physiological or psychological functions, its constitute drug abuse.
Discussion
2607.

Question : What does competition refers to ? Classify and describe them .

Answer»

Solution :Competition: It is an interaction between two organisms or species in which both the organisms or species are harmed. Competition is the severest in population that has IRREGULAR distribution. Competition is classified into intraspecific and interspecific.
1.Intraspecific competition: It is an interaction between individuals of the same species. This competition is very severe because all the members of species have similar requirements of food, habitat and pollination etc., and they also have similar adaptations to fulfill their needs.
2.Interspecific competition: It is an interaction between individuals of different species. In GRASSLAND, many species of grasses grow well as there is little competition when enough nutrients and water is available. During drought shortage of water occurs. A life and death competition starts among the different species of grass lands. Survival in both these competitions is determined by the quantity of nutrients, AVAILABILITY of water and migration to new areas. Different species of HERBIVORES, larvae and grass hopper competing for fodder or forage plants. Trees, shrubs and herbs in a forest struggle for sunlight, water and nutrients and also for pollination and dispersal of fruits and seeds. The Utricularia (Bladderwort) competes with tiny fishes for small CRUSTACEANS and insects.
Discussion
2608.

Question : What does 'competent' refer to in competent cells used in transformation experiments ?

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SOLUTION :Competent MEANS bacterial cells, UPON treatment with `CaCl_(2)` are made capable of taking up foreign DNA.
Discussion
2609.

Question : What does Bt stand for in the popular crop Bt cotton?

Answer»

BIOTECHNOLOGY
BEST TYPE
BACILLUS thuringenesis

ANSWER :D
Discussion
2610.

Question : What does Bt stand for the popular crop Bt cotton ?

Answer»

Biotechnology
Best type
Bacillus tomentosa
Bacillus thuringiensis

Answer :D
Discussion
2611.

Question : What does Bt stand for in the popular crop Bt cotton

Answer»

BIOTECHNOLOGY
BEST TYPE
BACILLUS tomentosa
Bacillius thuringenesis

ANSWER :D
Discussion
2612.

Question : What does Biological Product refers to?

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Solution :A BIOLOGICAL produet is a substance derived from a living ORGANISM and USED for the prevention or treatment of disease. These products include antitoxins, bacterial and VIRAL VACCINES, bloodproducts and hormone extracts.
Discussion
2613.

Question : What does Blotting refers to ?

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Solution :Blotting refers to the PROCESS of IMMOBILIZATION of sample NUCLEIC acids on solid support (nitrocellulose or NYLON membranes) . The BLOTTED acids are then used as target in the hybridization experiments for their specific detection.
Discussion
2614.

Question : What does abbreviation HGP stand for?

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SOLUTION :Abbreviation HGP STANDS for Human Genome Project.
Discussion
2615.

Question : What does abbreviation HGP stand for ?

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Solution :HGP STANDS for Human GENOME Project .
Discussion
2616.

Question : What does a J-shaped growth curve of population Indicate ?

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SOLUTION :STARVATION and MASS MORTALITY .
Discussion
2617.

Question : What does A and B represent in the given representation ?

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A-Ribonucleoside, B-Deoxyribonucleoside
A-Ribonucleotide, B-Deoxyribonucleotide
A-Nucleoside, B- Nucleotide
A-Nucleotide, B- Nucleoside

Solution :(c) :`"SUGAR" +"Nitrogenous base" RARR "Nucleoside sugar" +"Nitrogenous base" +"Phosphate" rarr "Nucleotide"`
Discussion
2618.

Question : What does 4 R stands for in plastic waste management ?

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SOLUTION :4R. refers to Refuse, Reduce, REUSE and RECYCLE methods to MANAGE PLASTIC waste.
Discussion
2619.

Question : What do you understand by UTR ? Mention its role in translation.

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SOLUTION :An MRNA has some additional translations which are not CODED, these are referred as untranslated regions (UTRS). The UTRs are present at both 5. end (before start codon) and at 3. end (after stop codon). They are required for efficient translation process.
Discussion
2620.

Question : Whatdo yourmeanby Allen'srule ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Mammalsfromcolder climatesgenerallyhaveshorterearsand limbsto MINIMISE HEATLOSS.
Discussion
2621.

Question :What do you underst.and by the term bio-pesticide ? Name and explain the mode of action of a popular bio-pesticide.

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Solution :BIOPESTICIDE is a pesticide which is not chemical in nature more specific in action against the pest safer for ENVIRONMENT than chemical pesticides. A popularly known bio-pesticide is Bt-toxin, which is PRODUCED by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis. Bt-toxin gene has been cloned from this bacterium and EXPRESSED in plants. St-toxin protein when ingested by the insect, gets converted to its active form due to the alkaline pH of the gut. The ACTIVATED toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores that cause cell swelling and lysis and eventually kills the insect.
Discussion
2622.

Question : What do you understand by the term aneuploidy?

Answer»

Solution :The ADDITION or LOSS of ONE or more chromosomes to the COMPLETE genome of an ORGANISM
Discussion
2623.

Question : What do you understand by Snow-blindness?

Answer»

Solution :In human eyecornea absorbs UV-B RADIATION.
High dose of UV-B CAUSES inflammation of CORNEA and this is called snow-blindness.
Discussion
2624.

Question : What do you understand by phenotype and genotype? Explain by giving an example.

Answer»

Solution :PHENOTYPE is the morphologically observable CHARACTER which is the result of gene products brought to expression in a given ENVIRONMENT. For example phenotypically tall plant may be genotypically Tt or TT.
Genotype is the gene complement or genetic constitution of an INDIVIDUAL. For example genotype of hybrid tall plant is Tt, homozygous tall plant is TT and RECESSIVE dwarf plant is tt.
Discussion
2625.

Question : What do you understand by pericarp and perisperm?

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Solution :Pericarp : The OVARY wall develops into the fruit wall CALLED pericarp.
Prisperm : The RESIDUAL persistant nucellus is called perisperm.
Discussion
2626.

Question : What do you understand by biomagnification ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Biomagnification refers to INCREASE in concentration of the toxicant (non-biodegradable) at successive trophic LEVELS.
Discussion
2627.

Question : What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?

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Solution :Reproductive HEALTH means a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction i.e., physical, emotional, behavioural and SOCIAL. A society with people having physically and FUNCTIONALLY normal reproductive organs are necessary not only for the existing people but ALSO for the FUTURE generation.
Discussion
2628.

Question : What do youmeant bythe autofuelpolicyof Govt .of india ?Name the latestreformedengine norm .

Answer»

Solution :The AIMOF autofuel policyis to decreasesthe emissionof sulphur , CARBON monoxideand aromaticscontentin petroland DIESEL fuels .Euro -IV norms -April 1,2010.
Discussion
2629.

Question : What do you mean by closed vascular bundle ?

Answer»

CAMBIUM present
Cambium absent
Periderm absent
None of these

Answer :B
Discussion
2630.

Question : What do you mean by Embryoids? Write its application.

Answer»

Solution :Somatic EMBRYOGENESIS is the FORMATION of embryos from the callus tissue directly and these embryos are CALLED Embryoids or from the in vitro CELLS directly form pre-embryonic cells which differentiate into embryoids.
Applications:
Somatic embryogenesis provides potential plantlets which after hardening period can establish into plants.
Somatic embryoids can be used for the production of synthetic seeds.
Somatic embryogenesis is now reported in MANY plants such as Alliium sativum, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Zea mays and this is possible in any plant.
Discussion
2631.

Question : What do you mean by the term ''walking genes''? Explain.

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Solution :Transposons (Transposable elements or mobile elements ) are DNA sequence able to INSERT itself at a new location in the genome without having any sequence relationship with the target locus and hence transposons are called walking genes or jumping genes. They are used as genetic tools ANALYSIS of gene ad protein functions , that PRODUCE new phenotype on host cell The use of transposons is well studied in Arabidopsis thaliana and BACTERIA such as Escherichia coli
Discussion
2632.

Question : What do you mean by third generation vaccine?

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Solution :Third generation VACCINE contains the purest and the highest vaccines which are SYNTHETIC in generation .The latest revolution in vaccine is DNA vaccine or recombinant vaccine.
Discussion
2633.

Question : What do you mean by the term personal hygiene?

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Solution :Personal HYGIENE refers to maintaing one.s body clean by bathing,WASHING HANDS,trimming fingernails,wearing clean clothes and also includes attention to keeping surfaces in the homw and workplace,including toilets ,bathroom facilities,clean and pathogen-free
Discussion
2634.

Question : What do you mean by the term - coitus interruptus?

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SOLUTION :Coitus interruptus is a oldest family planning METHOD, where the male PARTNER withdraws his PENIS before ejaculation, there by preventing the DEPOSITION of semen into vagina.
Discussion
2635.

Question : What do you mean by the term co-extinction?

Answer»

Solution :What do you MEAN by the term co-extinction? Coextinction of a species is the LOSS of a species as a consequence of the extinction of another. E.g., ORCHID bees and FOREST trees by CROSS pollination.
Discussion
2636.

Question : What do you mean by terms 'stock ' and 'scion' in grafting technique ?

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Solution :In Grafing , parts of two different plants are JOINED so that they continue to GROW as one plant . Of the two plants , the plant which is in CONTENT with the soil is called stock and the plant used for grafting is called scion.
Discussion
2637.

Question : What do you mean by? "syndrome"? Give two examples.

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SOLUTION :Group of signs and SYMPTOMS that OCCUR together and characterize a particular ABNORMALITY is CALLED a syndrome. e.g., Down.s syndrome and Turner.s syndrome.
Discussion
2638.

Question : What do you mean by 'Sperm lysin' ? Mention its function.

Answer»

SOLUTION :• Sperm lysin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted in the acrosome of sperm.
• It helps to penetrate the OVUM during fertilization.
• It is ALSO called as HYALURONIDASE.
Discussion
2639.

Question : What do you mean by regeneration in living organisms? Mention its types.

Answer»

SOLUTION :Regeneration is the regrowth of injured REGION.
It is of TWO types (i) MORPHALLAXIS (II) Epimorphosis.
Discussion
2640.

Question : What do you mean by reforestation ?

Answer»

Solution :Reforestation is a process of RESTORING a FOREST that was removed at some point of time in the PAST.
It may occur naturally in a DEFORESTED area.
It can be speeded by planting trees with due consideration to biodiversity that earlier existed in that area.
Discussion
2641.

Question : What do you mean by 'r' and 'K' in Verhulst - Pearl logistic growth curve equation dN//dt=rN((K-N)//K)?

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Solution :In equation `(dN)/(DT) = rN((K - N)/(K))` ,
.r. representsinstrinsic rate of natural increase (i.e. biotic POTENTIAL) while .K. represents the carrying CAPACITY of environment.
Discussion
2642.

Question : What do you mean by pasturage?

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SOLUTION :PLANTS which provide NECTAR and pollens to the honey bee.
Discussion
2643.

Question : What do you mean by PAR? Mention its significance.

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Solution :The amount of light available for PHOTOSYNTHESIS of plants is called Photosynthetically ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) which is between the RANGE of 400-700 nm wave length
Discussion
2644.

Question : What do you mean by 'Mendelian disorder.

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Solution :Alteration or mutation in a SINGLE GENE causes MENDELIAN DISORDERS. These disorders are transmitted to the offsprings on the same line as the Mendelian pattern of INHERITANCE.
E.g., Thalassemia.
Discussion
2645.

Question : What do you mean by ''Hardening'' in plant tissue culture technique?

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SOLUTION :Hardening is the gradual exposure of in vitro DEVELOPED plantlets in humid chambers in diffused light for acclimatization so as to ENABLE them to GROW under normal field conditions.
Discussion
2646.

Question : What do you mean by good ozone and bad ozone?

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SOLUTION :• The OZONE layer of troposphere is called BAD ozone. • The ozone layer of stratosphere is called GOOD ozone.
Discussion
2647.

Question : What do you mean by GM organisms?

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Solution :Genetically modified organisms whose genes have been altered by manipulation are prepared for tolerance to abiotic STRESS, chemical pesticide, to REDUCE post harvest LOSSES, ENRICHED nutlitional value of food ETE,
Discussion
2648.

Question : What do you mean by gene flow?

Answer»

Solution :MOVEMENT of genes through gametes or movement of individuals in (immigration) and out (EMIGRATION) of a population is referred to as gene flow. Organisms and gametes that enter the population may have new alleles or may BRING in existing alleles but in different PROPORTIONS than those already in the population. Gene flow can be a strong agent of EVOLUTION.
Discussion
2649.

Question : What do you mean by follicular atresia?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Follicular atresia is degeneration of follicles in the ovary during reproductive years of human FEMALE and the degenerating follicles are called atretic follicles. At the time of birth, the ovary has 2,00,000 to 20,00,000 PRIMARY oocytes. At puberty, only 60,000 - 80,000 are left and around 400 mature to form ovarian follicles and ovulate during female.s reproductive cycle. During each menstrual cycle a number of follicles start to mature but only one follicle, i.e., Graafian follicle that REACHES the most advanced STAGE, is ovulated. The rest undergo degeneration or atresia.
Discussion
2650.

Question : What do you mean by 'false labour'?

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Solution :Throughout pregnancy the uterus undergoes periodic episodes of WEAK and strong contractions. These contractions CALLED Braxter-Hick.s contractions lead to FALSE labour.
Discussion