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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 2851. |
Question : What are the limitations of ecological pyramids? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Does not take into ACCOUNT same species belonging to two or more trophic levels. (ii) Assumes simple food chain, does not ACCOMMODATE food web. (iii) Saprophytes have not been GIVEN any place in ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS. |
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| 2852. |
Question : What are the key points of Ecological sanitation? |
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Answer» Solution :The key point of Ecological SANITATION are: human excreta can be recycled into a NATURAL fertiliser, which REDUCES the NEED for chemical fertiliser. It is a practical, hygienic, efficient and cost EFFECTIVE solution to human waste disposel. |
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| 2853. |
Question : What are the King and Queen of spices? Explain about them their uses. |
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Answer» Solution :King of Spices: Pepper is one of the most IMPORTANT Indian spices referred to as the "King of Spices" and also termed as "Black Gold of India". Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are the top producers in India. The characteristic pungency of the pepper is due to the presence of alkaloid Piperine. There are two TYPES of pepper available in the market NAMELY black and white pepper. Uses: It is used for flavouring in the preparation of sauces, soups, curry powder and pickles. It is used in medicine as an aromatic stimulant for enhancing salivary and gastric secretions and also as a stomachic. Pepper also enhances the bio-absorption of medicines. Queen of Spices: Cardamom is CALLED as "Queen of Spices". In India, it is one of the main cash crops cultivated in the Western Ghats, and North Eastern India. Uses: The seeds have a pleasing aroma and a characteristic warm, slightly pungent taste. It is used for flavouring confectionaries, bakery products and beverages. The seeds are used in the preparation of curry powder, pickles and cakes. Medicinally, it is employed as a stimulant and carminative. It is also CHEWED as a mouth freshener. |
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| 2854. |
Question : What are the killer cells those kill the pathogens directly called ? |
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| 2855. |
Question : What are the key concepts in the evolution theoryof Darwin? |
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Answer» Solution :The essence of Darwinian theory about evolution is Natural SELECTION. (i) RAPID multiplication : Microbes divide very fast. They multiply and become millions of individuals within hours. (ii) limited food and space: A colony of bacteria (say A) growing on a given medium has built in variations in terms of ability to utilize a feed component. (iii) STRUGGLE for existence : A change in the medium composition would bring out only thay part of the population (say B) which can survive under the new conditions. (iv) Variations: In due course of time this VARIANT population outgrows the others and appears as new species. (V) Survival ofthe fittest : Here we can say fitness of B is better than A under new conditions. (vi) Natural selection: Nature selects for fitness. Fitness is based on characteristics which are inherited. (vii) Speciation : Adaptive ability is inherited. It has genetic basis. Species get selected and evolved. Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of Darwinian Theory of Evolution. |
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| 2858. |
Question : What are the informational molecules of chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands popularly known as ? |
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| 2859. |
Question : What are the impacts of algal bloom? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :Algal bloom imparts a distinct colour to water bodies It causes deterioration of water QUALITY It causes FISH mortality Some algae are EXTREMELY toxic to human beings and ANIMALS. |
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| 2860. |
Question : What are the hormonal composition of oral pills? |
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| 2861. |
Question : What are the horizontally placed and usually branched rhizomes called ? |
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| 2862. |
Question : What are the goals of HGP ? |
| Answer» Solution :Some of the important goals of HGP were as FOLLOWS: (1) Identify all the approximately 20,000 - 25,000 GENES in human DNA. (ii) Determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA. (ii) STORE this information in databases. (iv) Improve too.s for data analysis. (v) Transfer related technologies to other sectors such as industries. (vil Address the ethical, LEGAL and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project. | |
| 2863. |
Question : What are the glands those pass out their secretions to site action through ducts called ? |
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| 2864. |
Question : Why are genetically modified organisms produced ?Explain the purpose and advantages . |
| Answer» Solution :Transgenesis is the process of INTRODUCTION of extra (FOREIGN/ exogenous) DNA into the genome of the animals to create and maintain stable heritable characters. The foreign DNA that isintroduced is called the transgene and the animals that are produced by DNA manipulationsare called transgenic animals or the GENETICALLY engineered or genetically modified ORGANISMS. | |
| 2865. |
Question : What are the gene pair signifying a trait called? |
| Answer» Answer :D | |
| 2866. |
Question : What are the further classifications of Disease ? |
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Answer» Solution :Disease can be broadly classified into infectious and non-infectious disease. Disease which can be casily transmitted from one PERSON to another are called infectious disease. Infectious disease are very COMMON and every one of us suffer from them at sometime or other. Some infectious disease like AIDS are fatal. Disease which cannot be transferred from an affected person to a normal healthy person are known as non-infectious disease. CANCER is the major CAUSE of death. Drug and alcohol ABUSE also affect our health adversely. |
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| 2867. |
Question : Givethhefunctionsof scrotum . |
| Answer» Solution :SCROTUM protects the TESTIS and also ACTS as THERMOREGULATOR. | |
| 2868. |
Question : What are the functions of (i) methylated guanasine cap, (ii) poly-A"tail"in a mature on RNA? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :METHYLATED Guanine cap helps in BINDING of mRNA to smaller ribosomalsub-unit during initiation of TRANSLATION. Poly- A tail PROVIDES longevity to mRNA.s life. Tail length and longevity of mRNA are positively correlated. | |
| 2869. |
Question : What are the functions of (i) methylated guanasine cap, (ii) poly-A "tail" in a mature on RNA ? |
| Answer» Solution :Methylated Guanine cap helps in binding of ml mRNA to smaller RIBOSOMAL sub-unit during initiation of TRANSLATION. Poly-A tail provides longevity to mRNA.s life. Tail LENGTH and longevity of mRNA are POSITIVELY CORRELATED. | |
| 2870. |
Question : What are the functional disorders of thyroid gland? Describe in brief. |
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Answer» Solution :Functional disorders of thyroid gland are of three types, viz. hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and simple goitre. (1) Hypothyroidism : Hypothyroidism is lesser secretion of thyroxtne. This hyposecretion causes two types of disorders, viz. cretinism in children and myoxedema in adults. (i) Cretinism : Hyposecretion of thyroxine in childhood causes cretinism. The symptoms of cretinism are retardation of physical and MENTAL growth. (ii) Myxoedema : Deficiency of thyroxine in adults causes this disorder. Symptoms are thickening and PUFFINESS of the skin and subcutaneous tissue particularly of FACE and extremities. PATIENTS with low BMR. It also causes mental dullness, loss of memory, slow action. (2) Hyperthyroidism: Excessive secretion of thyroxine causes exopthalmic goitre or Grave's DISEASE. There is slight enlargement of thyroid gland. It increases BMR heart rate, pulse rate and BP. Reduction in body weight due to rapid oxidation, nervousness, irritability. Peculiar symptom is exopthalmos, i.e. bulging of eyeballs with staring look and less blinking. This is caused by deposition of fats in eye sockets. There is muscular weakness and loss of weight. (3) Simple goitre (Iodine deficiency goitre) : Simple goitre occurs due to deficiency of iodine in diet or drinking water. Simple goitre causes enlargement of thyroid gland. Prevention of goitre can be done by administering iodized table salt. It is common in hilly regions. |
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| 2871. |
Question : What are the functional disorders of thyroid gland? |
| Answer» Solution :FUNCTIONAL disorders fo THYROID gland are of three types, viz. hypothyroidism, HYPERTHYROIDISM and SIMPLE goitre. | |
| 2872. |
Question : Describe the components of an Ecosystem |
| Answer» Solution :PRODUCTIVITY, DECOMPOSITION, energy flow and nutrient CYCLING are the 4 major functional COMPONENT o an ecosystem. | |
| 2873. |
Question : What are the ways by which organisms respond to abiotic factors ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :REGULATE, CONFORM, MIGRATE and SUSPEND | |
| 2874. |
Question : What are the four basic factors for the decline and increase of population density in a habitat during given period? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Natality and IMMIGRATION contribute increase in population Mortality and EMIGRATION contribute the DECLINE of population. | |
| 2875. |
Question : What are the first form of life on the earth called ? |
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Answer» Pre-cells or Protobionts |
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| 2876. |
Question : What are the features that a vector must posses to facilitate cloning ? |
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Answer» Solution :The following are the features that are required to facilitate cloning into a vector. 1. Origin of replication (ori) : This is a sequence from where replication starts and PIECE of DNA when linked to this sequence can be made to replicate within the HOST cells. 2. Selectable MARKER. In addition to ori the vector REQUIRES a selectable marker, which helps in identifying and eliminating non - tranformants and selectively permitting the growth of the transformants. 3. Cloning sites : In order to linke alien DNA, the vector needs to have very few, preferably single , recognition sites for the commonly used restriction ENZYMES. |
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| 2877. |
Question : What are the factors that maintain good health? |
| Answer» Solution :The factors that MAINTAIN good health are balanced diet, PERSONAL HYGIENE, regular exercise, right attitude of mind and good habits. | |
| 2878. |
Question : Why are the factors that drive habitat loss? |
| Answer» Solution :Natural habitats are destroyed for the PURPOSE of and CONSTRUCTION of highways. As a RESULT species vironment or move to other places. If not, they BECOME VICTIM to predation, starvation, disease and eventually die or results in human animal conflict. | |
| 2879. |
Question : What are the factors affecting the pulse rate? |
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Answer» Solution :The factors affecting thepulse rate are as FOLLOWS: 1. Age: Pulse rate is higher in children than in adults. 2. SEX: In females pulse rate is higher than that of in males. 3. Posture: Standing position RAISES the pulse rate. It is lower in the lying position. 4. Pulse rate increases due to emotions such as anger, fear, excitement, ETC. 5. Pulse rate RISES during exercise. |
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| 2880. |
Question : What are the factors affecting population growth ? |
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Answer» Solution :• The size of population is not STATIC. It keeps changing with time, depending upon food availability, PREDATION pressure and reduces weather. The main factors that DETERMINE the population growth are : • Natality (number of birth during a GIVEN period in the population) • Mortality (number of death during a given period in the population) • Immigration (individual of same species that have come into the habitat) • Emigration (individual of population that have left the habitat) •  • If .N. is the population density at a time.t., then its density at time t + 1 is `N_(1+1) = N_1 + [(B + 1) - (D + E)] ` • Population density will increase if the number of births plus the number of immigrants `(B + I)` is more than the number of DEATHS plus the number of emigrants `(D + E)`, otherwise it will decrease. |
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| 2881. |
Question : What are the extreme effects of drug /alcohol abuse? |
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Answer» Solution :There may be some far reaching implications of drug/alcohol abuse. If a user is unable to get money to buy drugs/alcohol he/she may turn into stealing. The adverse effects are just not restricted to the person who is using drugs or alcohol. At times, a drug/alcohol addict becomes the cause of mental and financial distress to his/her entire family and friends. Those who take drug INTRAVENOUSLY (direct injection into the vein using a needle and syringe), are more likely to acquire serious infections like AIDS and Hepatitis B. The viruses, which are responsible for this disease, are TRANSFERRED from one person to another by sharing of infected needles and syringes. Both AIDS and Hepatitis B infections are chronic infections and ultimately fatal (death). Both can be transmitted through sexual contact or infected BLOOD. The use of alcohol during adolescence may ALSO have LONG term effects, it could lead to heavy drinking in adulthood. The chronic use of drugs and alcohol damages nervous system and liver (cirrhosis). The use of drugs and alcohol during pregnancy is also known to adversely affect the foetus. |
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| 2884. |
Question : What are the events that take place in the ovary and uterus during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle? |
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Answer» Solution :The main phases of menstrual cycle are menstruation, follicular phase, ovulatory phase and luteal phaes. Phase is followed by follicular phase. During this stage primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully MATURE graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of UTERUS regenerates through proliferation. These changes in the ovary and uterus are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormone. The hormones (LH & FSH) increases during the follicular phase and stimulates follicular development as well as secretion of estrogens by the growing follicles. Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14TH day). Rapid secretion of LH leading to the maximum level during the mid cycle and induces rapture of graafian follicle and there by the release of OVUM ovulation. |
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| 2885. |
Question : What are the evidences for evolution? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :Following are the evidences for EVOLUTION. i. Some fossils appear SIMILAR to modern organisms. They represent extinct organisms. ii. Study of fossils in different sedimentary layers indicates the geological period in which they existed. iii. The studies showed that the life forms varied over time and certain life forms are restricted to certain geological time-spans. Then new forms have arisen at different times in the history of EARTH. |
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| 2886. |
Question : What are the ethical issues about cloning. |
| Answer» Solution :Biotechnology has given to the soceity cheap drugs, better fruits and vegetables, pest resistant crops, indigenious cure to diseases and lot of controversy. This is mainly because the major PART of the moderm biotechnology deals with genetic manipulations. People fear that these genetic manipulations may lead to unknown consequences. The major apprehension of RECOMBINANT DNA technology is that unique MICROORGANISMS cither inadvertently or DELIBERATELY for the purpose of war may be developed that could cause epidemics or environmental catastrophies Although many are concerned about the possible risk of genetic engineering, the risks are in fact slight and the POTENTIAL benefits are substantial | |
| 2887. |
Question : What are the epidermal cells producing movable bristles in cockroach known as ? |
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Answer» Trichocysts |
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| 2888. |
Question : What are the enzymes you can used to cut terminal end and internal phospho di ester bond of nucleotide sequence? |
| Answer» Solution :Restriction EXONUCLEASE are the restriction enzyme used to CUT nucleotides from the terminal end of DNA. Whereas , restriction endonuleases cut the internal phospho DIESTER BOND with DNA molecule. | |
| 2889. |
Question : What are the enzymes required in the metabolism of lactose? |
| Answer» Solution :Permease, `BETA`-galactosidase and transacetylase are the THREE IMPORTANT enzymes REQUIRED in the metabolism of LACTOSE. | |
| 2890. |
Question : Whatare the effects of waste waterof thermal powerplantsif disposed directly intowaterbodies ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Thermal water wasteif DISPOSED directly intowater BODES ELIMINATES or reudces the numberof organisms sensitiveto hightemperature, and may changethe growth of plants and fish in extermely COLD areas after causingdamage to the nativeflora and fauna. | |
| 2891. |
Question : What are the effects of regular use of drug or alcohol ? |
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Answer» Solution :The immediate adverse effects of drugs and ALCOHOL abuse are manifested (expressed) in the form of reckless behavior, vandalism and violence. Excessive doses of drugs may lead to coma and DEATH due to respiratory FAILURE, heart failure or cerebral hemorrhage. A combination of drugs or their intake along with alcohol generally results in overdosing and even deaths. The most common warning signs of drug and alcohol abuse among youth include DROP in academic performance, unexplained absence from school/college, lack of interest in personal hygiene, withdrawal, isolation, depression, fatigue, aggressive and rebellious behavior, deteriorating relationships with family and friends, loss of interest in hobbies, CHANGE in sleeping and eating habits, fluctuations in weight, appetite etc. |
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| 2892. |
Question : (a) What are the effects of ozone depletion? |
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Answer» Solution :i) UV-B damages DNA and proteins of living organisms CAUSING mutation. ii) It causes skin aging, skin cell damage and skin cancers. iii) UV-B is absorbed by HUMAN eye and at high dose it causes inflammation of cornea, CALLED snow-blindness, cataract ETC. |
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| 2893. |
Question : What are the effects of industrial water pollution on human health? |
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Answer» Solution :(1) Most of the water pollutant are toxic to LIVING organisms. (2) Some of these cause death while some of these cause sublethal effects such as damage to liver, kidneys, reproductive sysJems, respiratory systems, nervous systems in man and animals. (3) In Japan, mercury poisoning caused Minamata disease which resulted in crippling and lethal conditions among the fishermen. By CONSUMING fish, shell fish and CRABS contaminated with methyl mercury, the fishermen suffered from this dangerous disease. (4) Heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, etc. can cause severe effects on the human health. They can cause serious disorders of VITAL organs and systems. (5) Pollutants flowing out of fertilizers and pesticide industries can cause several lethal and sublethal effects. |
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| 2894. |
Question : What are the effects of excessive hypertension? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :EXCESSIVE hypertension of values about 220/120 mm HG can cause BLINDNESS, nephritis, STROKE or paralysis. | |
| 2895. |
Question : What are the effects of Eutrophication ? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :1. Over stimulate the growth of algae. 2. Causing UNSIGHTLY scum and unpleasant odours 3. Decreasein the level of dissolved oxygen 4. Pollutant flowing into the lake may poison whole population of fish. |
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| 2896. |
Question : What are the duties of a veterinary doctor in management of a poultry farm ? |
| Answer» Solution :Duties of a veterinary doctor : (i) Veterinary doctor treat DISEASE or injury in ANIMALS, which INCLUDES diagnosis and treatment. (ii) Veterinary doctor is concerned with prophylactic treatment, to prevent problems occurring in the future. (iii) Veterinary doctor uses vaccination against common animal diseases, such as RABIES. (IV) Veterinary doctor has important roles in public health and the prevention of zoonoses. | |
| 2897. |
Question : What are the drawbacks of sanitary land fills? |
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Answer» Solution :Garbage generation in the metros GO onincreasing too much. LAND fills may cause of seepage of CHEMICALS. They pollute under GROUND water RESOURCES. |
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| 2898. |
Question : What are the dimensions of fully formed human placenta? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :A fully formed human placenta is discoidal, 4 CM in THICKNESS and 18 cm in diameter and weighs about 1/6th to 1/7th the weight of the foetus. | |
| 2899. |
Question : What are the different types ofSpindle fibres ? |
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| 2900. |
Question : What are the different types of pre-mating or prezygotic and post-zygotic isolating mechanisms? |
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Answer» Solution :I. Pre-zygotic isolating mechanism : In Pre-zygotic isolating mechanism isolating mechanisms does not allow individuals to mate with each other at all: These are of the fallowing types : (i) Habitat Isolation : Habitat isolation is the phenomenon in which members of a population living in the same region occupy different habitats. Hence the potential mates do not interbreed AMONG themselves. (ii) Seasonal isolation: In seasonal isolation, members of a population share the same region but attain sexual maturity at the different times of the year. They thus remain isolated reproductively preventing interbreeding among themselves. (iii) Ethological isolation : Ethological isolation is seen when members of two populations have different mating behaviours. (iv) Mechanical isolation: M echanical isolation is seen when the members of two populations have differences in the structure of reproductive organs. II. Post-zygotic isolating mechanisms: In post-zygotic isolating mechanisms, the two individuals can mate but the result of mating is not favourable. Thus the populations remain isolated without the actual genetic exchange. These mechanisms are divided into the following categories : (i) Gamete mortality : In gamete mortality there is death of gametes. SPERM transfer MAY take place but the egg is not fertilized DUE to gamete mortality. (ii) Zygote mortality : In zygote mortality, the zygote is formed but it fails to thrive. Though the egg is fertilized the zygote does not survive. (iii) HYBRID sterility: In this isolation, there is the formation of hybrid as the gametes or zygotes do not die but the hybrid farmed is sterile. Sterile hybrid cannot contribute genetically to further generations. |
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