Saved Bookmarks
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 2951. |
Question : What are the animals excreting uric acid is called? |
|
Answer» |
|
| 2952. |
Question : What is the term of nutrition used for eating faecal materials of other animals? |
|
Answer» |
|
| 2953. |
Question : What are the animals excreting ammonia is called? |
|
Answer» |
|
| 2954. |
Question : What are the animals excreting urea is called? |
|
Answer» |
|
| 2955. |
Question : What are the adverse effects of global warming on plants? |
|
Answer» Solution :• Low agricultural PRODUCTIVITY in tropics • Frequent heat waves (Weeds, pests, fungi need warmer temperature) • INCREASE of vectors and epidemics • Strong storms and intense FLOOD damage • WATER crisis and decreased irrigation • Change in flowering SEASONS and pollinators • Change in Species distributional ranges • Species extinction |
|
| 2956. |
Question : What are the agents that cause cancer termed as? |
|
Answer» |
|
| 2957. |
Question : What are the adverse effects of temperature on plant? |
|
Answer» SOLUTION :TEMPERATURE affects the enzymatic action of all the bio-chemical reactions in a PLANT body. ow temperature with high humidity can spread diseases to plants. The VARYING temperature with moisture DETERMINES the distribution of the vegetation types. |
|
| 2958. |
Question : What are the advantages of tissue culture methods over conventional method of plant breeding in crop improvement programmes ? |
|
Answer» Solution :The advantages of tissue culture methods are : (i) By application of these methods it is possible to achieve propagation of a large number of plants in very short durations. (ii) This method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture is called micro-propagation. (iii) Each of these plants will be genetically IDENTICAL to the original plant from which they were grown, i.e., they are somaclones. (iv) MANY important food plants like tomato, BANANA, apple, etc., have been produced on COMMERCIAL scale using this method. (v) Another important application of the method is the recovery of healthy plants from diseased plants. Although the plant is infected with a virus, the meristem (apical and axillary) is free of virus. Hence, one can remove the meristem and grow it in - vitro to obtain virus free plants. Scientists have succeeded in culturing meristems of banana, sugarcane, potato, etc. |
|
| 2959. |
Question : What are the advantages of tissue culture? |
|
Answer» SOLUTION :A LARGE number plants can be grown in a SHORT time. Disease FREE plants can be developed from diseased plants. Seedless plants can be propagated. The plants where sexual reproduction is absent MAY undergo somatic hybridisation. |
|
| 2960. |
Question : What are the advantages of Single Cell proteins? |
|
Answer» SOLUTION :1. EASY to grow: It can be grown on MATERIALS like waste WATER from potato processing plants, straw, molasses, animal manure and sewage. 2. Nutrient enriched: provides food rich in protein, minerals, FAT, carbohydrates and vitamins.3. Reduces environmental pollution. 4. High yield |
|
| 2961. |
Question : What are the advantages of seed dispersal? |
|
Answer» SOLUTION :Advantages of seed dispersal: Seeds escape from MORTALITY near the parent plants due to predation by animals or getting diseases and also avoiding competition. Dispersal also GIVES a chance to occupy favourable sites for growth. It is an important process in the movement of plant GENES particularly this is the only method available for self-fertilized flowers and MATERNALLY transmitted genes in outcrossing plants. Seed dispersal by animals help in conservation of many species even in human altered ecosystems. Understanding of fruits and seed dispersal acts as a key for proper functioning and establishment of many ecosyystems from deserts to evergreen forests and also for the maintenance of biodiversity conservation and restoration of ecosystems. |
|
| 2962. |
Question : What are the advantages of natural methods of contraception over artificial methods ? |
|
Answer» Solution :In this method no medicines or DEVICES are USED. So no side EFFECTS are seen. NOTE: Failure rate of these methods are very high. |
|
| 2963. |
Question : What are the advantages of biofertilizers over chemical fertilizers ? Give an example for biofertilizer. |
|
Answer» SOLUTION :PREVENTS pollution/Improves soil STRUCTURE and FUNCTION. Bacteria/Fungi or any other EXAMPLE. |
|
| 2964. |
Question : What are the advancements of Biological science ? |
|
Answer» Solution :The ADVANCEMENTS made in biological SCIENCE have armed us to effectively deal with many INFECTIOUS diseases. The use of vaccines and immunization programs have enabled us to completely eradicate a deadly disease like smallpox. A LARGE number of other infectious disease like polio, diphtheria, pneumonia and TETANUS have been controlled to a large extent by the use of vaccincs. Biotechnology is at the verge of making available newer and safer vaccines. Discovery of antibiotics and various other drugs has also enabled us to effectively treat infectious diseases. |
|
| 2965. |
Question : What are the adaptations of seals? |
| Answer» Solution :They have THICK layer of fat (BLUBBER) below their skin that ACTS as an insulator and REDUCES loss of body HEAT. | |
| 2966. |
Question : What are termination sequences? |
| Answer» Solution :In transcription process, TERMINATION sequences are the DNA sequences which tells when the RNA polymerase should STOP producing RNA MOLECULE. | |
| 2968. |
Question : What are structural genes? Name the three structural genes present in the lac operon of Escherichia coli? |
| Answer» Solution :STRUCTURAL genes are those genes which actually synthesise mRNAs. The lac OPERON of Escherichia COLI contains three structural genes (z,y and a). | |
| 2969. |
Question : What are STIs? Give information about diseases occurred by it? |
|
Answer» Solution :Infections or disease which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called sexually transmitted infections (STI) or venereal DISEASES (VD) or reproductive tract infections (RTI). GONORRHOEA, syphilis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, genital warts, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B and of course the most discussed infection in the recent years among these, HIV infection is most dangerous. Some infections like hepatitis B and HIV can also be transmitted by sharing of injection NEEDLES, surgical instruments etc., with infected persons, transfusion of blood, or from an infected mother to the foetus too. Except for hepatitis - B. genital herpes and HIV infections, other diseases are completely curable if detected early and treated properly. Early symptoms of most of these are minor and include itching, fluid discharge, slight pain, swellings etc., in the genital region. Infected females may often be asymptomatic and hence may remain undetected for long. Absence or less significant symptoms in early stages of infection and the social stigma attached to the STIs, DETER the infected persons from going for timely detection and proper treatment. This could LEAD to complications later, which include pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID), abortions, still births, ectopic pregnancies, infertility or even cancer of the reproductive tract. |
|
| 2970. |
Question : What are sticky ends? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Sticky ends are short extensions of cleaved DNA MOLECULE which can form hydrogen bonded base PAIRS with other complementary sticky ends. | |
| 2971. |
Question : What are stem tubers? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The UNDERGROUND PART of stem produces AXILLARY under-ground branches in which terminal part is swollen due to storage of starchy reserve food. These swollen tips are stem TUBERS. | |
| 2972. |
Question : What are somaclones? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :PLANTS will be genetically identical to the ORIGINAL PLANT from which they were GROWN are called somaclones. | |
| 2973. |
Question : What are sonaclones ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Somaclones are the GENETICALLY IDENTICAL PLANTS to each other, which are produced by tissue culture CALLED micro - propagation. | |
| 2974. |
Question : What are some solutions to toxic dumping in our oceans? |
| Answer» Solution :Reducing energy usage, EAT sustainable sea foods, USE reusable plastic products, proper dispose of hazardous materials. Avoid littering on BEACH and buying ocean FRIENDLY products. | |
| 2975. |
Question : What are solid wastes ? |
|
Answer» Solution :Municipal solid wastes are wastes from home, offices, stores, schools, hospitals etc. These are COLLECTED and disposed by the municipality. It consists of paper, food wastes, PLASTICS, glass, metals, rubber, leather, textile etc. BURNING reduces the volume of the wastes but the waste generally not burnt to its completion and open dumps often serve as the BREEDING ground for RATS and flies. Sanitary landfills were used as substitute for open burning dumps where wastes are dumped in a depression or trench after compaction and covered with dirt every day. There is a danger of seepage of chemicals from these landfills polluting the underground water resources. |
|
| 2976. |
Question : What are SNPs? Mention its uses. |
| Answer» Solution :SNPS: SINGLE nucleotide polymorphism. It HELPS to find chromosomal locations for disease associated SEQUENCES and tracing human history. | |
| 2977. |
Question : What are slips produced by tuberous roots during vegetative reproduction? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Tuberous ROOTS have adventitious buds on SURFACE which sprout under favourable conditions to produce leafy shoots. The adventitious roots are DEVELOPED from the BASE of these shoots. | |
| 2978. |
Question : What are seminiferous tubules? Mention its role. |
| Answer» Solution :Seminiferous TUBULES are highly COILED tubules seen in the lobules of testis. They OCCUPY 80% of testicular substance. They are the site for sperm production. | |
| 2979. |
Question : What are seral communities? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :During succession, the individual TRANSITIONAL COMMUNITIES are termed seral stages or seral communities. | |
| 2980. |
Question : What are seral stages? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The developmental stages of the ecological succession are KNOWN as seral stages. | |
| 2981. |
Question : What are secondary metabolites? |
| Answer» Solution :Secondary METABOLITES are those which are not required for the vital life process of MICROBES, but have value added nature , this includes antibiotics e.g - AMPHOTERICIN - B (Streptomyces nodous ) and Penicillin (Penicillin chryosogenum) | |
| 2982. |
Question : What are Secondary metabolites? Give example. |
| Answer» Solution :Secondary metabolites are chemical compounds that are not required by the plant for NORMAL GROWTH and development but are produced in the plant as .BYPRODUCTS. of cell METABOLISM. For Example: Biosynthesis and isolation of indole ALKALOIDS from Catharanthus roseus plant cell culture. | |
| 2983. |
Question : What are scared groves? Give an example |
|
Answer» Solution :a) These are forest patches set aside for worship. All the trees and wildlife WITHIN are given total PROTECTION. b) Lurge number of rare and threatened PLANTS can be found in these regions c) Some of the sacred groves in India are as follows Khasi and JAINTIA HILLS in Meghalaya |
|
| 2984. |
Question : What are sacred groves ? What is their role in conservation ? |
|
Answer» Solution :Sacred groves are tracts of forest which are regenerated around places of worship. Sacred groves are found in RAJASTHAN, Western Ghats of KARNATAKA and Maharashtra, Meghalaya and Madhya Pradesh sacred groves help in the protection of many rare, threatened and ENDEMIC species of plants and animals found in an area. The PROCESS of deforestation is strictly prohibited in this region by tribals. Hence, the sacred grove biodiversity is a RICH area. |
|
| 2985. |
Question : What are sacred groves? Mention any two examples. Mention its role in conserving biodiversity. |
|
Answer» Solution :Sacred groves are forest patches for WORSHIP in several parts of India. All the TREES and wildlife in them were venerated and given total PROTECTION. They are found in Khashi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, western Ghat regions of Karnataka and Maharashtra etc. Tribals do not allow anyone to cut even a SINGLE branch of tree in these sacred groves, thus sacred groves have been free from all TYPES of exploitations. |
|
| 2986. |
Question : What are sacred groves and their role in biodiversity conservation ? |
|
Answer» Solution :Sacred groves are tracts of FOREST which are regenerated around places of WORSHIP. Sacred groves are FOUND in Rajasthan, Western Ghats of Karnataka and Maharashtra, Meghalaya and Madhya Pradesh sacred groves help in the protection of many rare, THREATENED and endemic species of plants and ANIMALS found in an area. The process of deforestation is strictly prohibited in this region by tribals. Hence, the sacred grove biodiversity is a rich area. |
|
| 2987. |
Question : Whatare sacred groves and sacred species ? Giveone example each. |
|
Answer» Solution :(a) Sacred groves are traditionally conserved forest patches are dedicated to the LOCAL DEITY. E.g., Mausmai in Meghalaya,Western Ghat REGION of Karnataka. (a) Scared speciesare traditionally conserved conserved and protected plant or animal species whichare ofcultural and religiousimportance E.g., Tulsi, Neem , Cow etc. |
|
| 2988. |
Question : What are sacred grooves? Name any two sacred grooves of India. |
|
Answer» Solution :SACRED grooves are large tracts of forests where trees and wildlife within are conserved due to CULTURAL and RELIGIOUS BELIEFS and are WELL protected. Ex: a) Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya b) Aravalli hills of Rajasthan |
|
| 2989. |
Question : What are restrictions enzyme. Mention their type with role in biotechnology. |
| Answer» Solution :Restriction enzymes are the enzymes of bacterial origin which cleaves DNA into fragments at or NEAR specific RECOGNITION SITES within DNA MOLECULES. This principle is used in biotechnology to cut and insert the desired gene (gene of interest ) thereby generating an rDNA with DESIRABLE characters. | |
| 2991. |
Question : What are recombinant proteins? How do bioreactors help in their production? |
| Answer» Solution :A protein synthesised by recombinant DNA in a heterologous host is called recombinant protein. These cells with RDNA are GROWN on a small scale in the laboratory to obtain recombinant protein. But, large scale production of the product is carried out in BIOREACTORS. | |
| 2992. |
Question : What are recombinant DNA vaccines ? Give two examples of such vaccines. Discuss their advantages. |
|
Answer» Solution :A recombinant vaccine is a vaccine produced through recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the DNA ENCODING an antigen that stimulates an immune response into bacterial or mammalian cells. Recombinant DNA technology has allowed the production of antigenic polypeptides of pathogen in bacteria or YEAST. Vaccines produced using this approach allow large scale production and hence greater availability for immunisation, e.g., hepatitis B vaccine (Recombivax HB) produced from yeast. As of June 2015 one human DNA vaccine had been approved for human use, the single-dose Japanese encephalitis vaccine called IMOJEV, released in 2010 in Australia. Advantages of recombinant DNA vaccines : (1) There is no risk for INFECTION. (2) Ease of development and production. (3) There is Stability for storage and shipping. (4) It is Cost-effective. (5) Expression and purification of recombinant proteins is observed. (6) Long-term persistence of immunogen is present in them.(7) In vivo expression ensures protein more closely resembles normal eukaryotic structure, with accompanying post-translational MODIFICATIONS |
|
| 2993. |
Question : What are recombinant DNA vaccines? Give two examples of such vaccines. Discusstheir advantages. |
|
Answer» SOLUTION :Recombinant DNA vaccinesare made up of a small circularDNA (plasmid)that has very tiny piece of pathogen DNA incorporatedin it to produce one or two specificproteinsof the pathogen. This recombinantDNA is introducedin to the bacteria or yeast cells, where it can USE cell's machinery to produce polypeptidesof pathogen. These are used as vaccine to trigger a range of immune responses. Vaccines produced by using this approachallow large scale PRODUCTION. e.g., (i) Hepatitis-B vaccine produced from yeast . (ii) Bird flu DNA vaccine. Advantages (i) RecombinantDNA vaccines are advantageousover killed or attenuatedvaccines since, they does not get virulentor mutated again as it is seen in CASE of attenuatedvaccines. (ii) Secondlythese are highly pure, specificand elicitsstrong immune response. |
|
| 2994. |
Question : Whatare rare species ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :It is a SMALL populationwhichis neitherendangered nor vulnerablebutis ATTHE RISK . | |
| 2995. |
Question : What are psychoactive drugs? Add a note Marijuana and Opium. |
|
Answer» Solution :PHYTOCHEMICALS or DRUGS from some of the plants ALTER an individuals perceptions of mind by PRODUCING hallucination are known as psychoactive drugs. Marijuana: Marijuana is obtained from Cannabis sativa. The active principle in Marijuana is trans-tetrahydrocanabinal (TCH). It is used as pain killer and reduce hypertension. It is also used in the TREATMENT of Glaucoma, cancer radiotherapy and asthma, etc. Opium: Opium is obtained from the exudates of the fruits of papaver somniferum (poppy plants). It is used to induce sleep and relieve pain. Opium yields morphine which is used as a strong analgesic in surgeries. |
|
| 2996. |
Question : What are pseudogenes or fossil genes? |
| Answer» Solution :Some of the junk DNA is MADE up of pseudo genes, the SEQUENCES presence in that was once working genes. They lost their ability to make proteins. They TELL the story of evolution through FOSSILIZED parts. | |
| 2997. |
Question : What are protoproteins? |
| Answer» Solution :PRIMITIVE proteins which were FORMED by the POLYMERIZATION of amino acids and showing enzymatic REACTIONS are called PROTOPROTEINS. | |
| 2998. |
Question : What are protobionts? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The FIRST form of life consisting of nucleic acid along with inorganic and ORGANIC MOLECULES are CALLED protobionts. | |
| 2999. |
Question : What are proteosomes? |
|
Answer» COMPLEXES of SNRNA and proteins that excise introns |
|
| 3000. |
Question : What are primary reproductive organs? What role does they play in organisms? |
| Answer» Solution :The primary reproductive organs namely the ovary and testis are RESPONSIBLE for PRODUCING the ova and sperms respectively. Hormones secreted by the pituitary gland and the gonads help in the development of the SECONDARY sexual characteristics, MATURATION of the reproductive system and regulation of normal functioning of the reproductive system. | |