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a)A species of virus called rhinoviruse could have caused the infection.b) Antibiotics are taken orally and they do not prevent the occurrence of the common cold but minimises the occurrence of symptoms of common cold.c)Yes ,the doctor would instruct Mr. Smith to continue the antibiotics further because the continued consumption of antibiotics would kill the rhinoviruses accumulated in the body that causes the onset of the common cold symptoms.

Solution:Inherited characters

Explanation:Characters that are passed on from parents to offspring are inherited characters. For example, the colour of seeds, the colour of eyes, etc.

variety of microorganisms can cause disease.Pathogenicorganisms are offive main types: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and worms.The bacteria and viruses that cause the most illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States are:

Salmonella.

Norovirus (Norwalk Virus)

Campylobacter.

E. coli.

Listeria.

Clostridium perfringens.

There are several substrates includingpathwayswhere the pathogens can invade a host. The principal pathways have different episodic time frames, butsoilhas the longest or most persistent potential for harboring a pathogen. Diseases caused by organisms in humans are known as pathogenic diseases.

It is necessary to safely store the pathogens of a disease because that invented forms of the same pathogen are to be used for vaccination in order to induce immune response in healthy individuals.

The infection could have caused by Bacteria like strep throat and other bacteria

Industrial melanismshows the effect ofindustrialpollution on the population of moth on a nearby tree. Thusindustrial melanismsupportedDarwin's theoryof natural selections that as natural condition changes, the organism which is more fit for the environment survives better than the other.

Ans :- Industrial melanismshows the effect ofindustrialpollution on the population of moth on a nearby tree. Thusindustrial melanismsupported Darwin's theory of natural selectionsthat asnaturalcondition changes, the organism which is more fit for the environment survives better than the other.

The chain of infection has3main parts. A reservoir such as a human and an agent such as an amoeba. Themode of transmissioncan include direct contact, droplets, a vector such as a mosquito, a vehicle such as food, or the airborne route.

Please clear the cancept

We cannot kill people with disease for the sake of controlling population

Delayed Marriages

Medical Facilities

Legislative Actions

Providing Incentives

Spread Awareness

Women Empowerment

Eradicate Poverty

Education

The causative agent of AIDS is viruv namely HIV.this disease can be transmiited through1)having sexual contact with an AIDS person2)tranfusion of blood from infected to healthy3)using of infected needles/blades/knives, etc

HIV, it is transmitted by sexual contact, usage of syrange which is already used by aids patient

All viruses thatspreadwithin their host tissues (systemically) can be transmittedby grafting branches or buds from diseasedplantson healthy plants. Most disease-causing viruses are carried andtransmitted naturally by insects and mites, which are called vectors of the virus.

Antibioticsare useless againstviralinfections. This is becausevirusesare so simple that they use their host cells to perform their activities for them. So antiviral drugs work differently toantibiotics, by interfering with theviralenzymes instead.

Rabies is caused by lyssaviruses, including the rabies virus and Australianbatlyssavirus.

Measlesis caused by infection with the rubeolavirus.

Filariasisis a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms of the Filarioidea type.

Dengue feveris a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by thedengue virus.

So, the answer is option C

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b is the correct answer

Ans :- These bacteria are said to be “resistant” to thisantibioticand are much harder totreat. If you get an infection thatcan'tbetreated by antibiotics, your infection can last longer. Most common infections are caused byviruses. This includes all colds, most coughs, sore throats, ear infections and diarrhoea.

STD means sexually transmitted disease, which causes due to indulging in sexual act with infected person. Ex- AIDS, gonorrhea

Name of Bacterial STDs are gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia.

Name of viral STDs are HIV, HPV (genital warts), herpes, and hepatitis.

Bacterial cell is made competent so that it can take up DNA. Taking up DNA is not easy as it is hydrophilic molecule and cannot pass through cell membrane. Bacterial cell can be made competent by treating it with a specific concentration of a divalent cation such as calcium as it increases the efficiency with which DNA can enter the bacteria through it the pores of cell wall.

Taxonomical aidsare the collections of samples or preserved organisms which help in extensive research for the identification of varioustaxonomichierarchy. Classifying organisms into various categories needs a lot of field and laboratory study.

you are so laddupara

There are manyconditions essential for good health(bothphysical and mental) which are: Well balanced diet.HealthyHabits. Exercise and Relaxation.

post fast

Growth Hormone are secreted from Pituitary gland which is also known as master gland.Secretion of Growth Hormone should be specific because it can lead to disorders namely, ● Hyposecretion (undersecretion) leads to Dwarfism i.e. lack of height or less growth in height● Hypersecretion (oversecretion) leads to excess growth i.e. gigantism.

this is right answer

Growth Hormone are secreted from Pituitary gland which is also known as master gland.Secretion of Growth Hormone should be specific because it can lead to disorders namely, ● Hyposecretion (undersecretion) leads to Dwarfism i.e. lack of height or less growth in height● Hypersecretion (oversecretion) leads to excess growth i.e. gigantism.

Codominanceis a form of dominance wherein the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed. This results in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive. A typical example showingcodominanceis the ABO blood group system.

Both are equilateral triangle so angle between them is 60°.It's sufficient to make 2 tariangles similar.For similar Triangle,Area of ABC/Area of DEF=(AB)^2/(DE)^2=(BC)^2/(EF)^2=(AC)^2/(DF)^2

The tropical climate is good for indigo plantation. By the thirteenth century, Indian indigo was being used in Italy, France and Britain. But the price of indigo was very high and hence a small amount of Indian indigo could reach the European market.British started the cultivation from Bengal and Bengal gave a boost in indigo production around the whole world.

the indigo cultivated in india because the british purshase indigo from india very low price and sent to england at high price

RuBisCO is an enzyme which acts both as carboxylase (carboxylation during photosynthesis) and oxygenase (during photorespiration).

RuBisCO - an overview

option btao

A nephron is the basic unit of structure in the kidney. A nephron is used separate to water, ions and small molecules from the blood, filter out wastes and toxins, and return needed molecules to the blood. The nephron functions through ultrafiltration.

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When we take steps to conserve tiger we should take steps to conserve herbivores animals because tiger depends on those animals for food if it is not conserved then tiger may die from hunger.

A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of part or all of an organism, and that is not due to any external injury. Diseases are often construed as medical conditions that are associated with specific symptoms and signs.

We have been taught about malariaT. BAidscolddengueparalysis

(i) Radius of the sphere (r) = 10.5cm

Surface area of a sphere= 4πr²

= (4 × 22/7 × 10.5 × 10.5)

= 1386 cm² ii)Given:Radiusof the sphere (r) = 5.6 cm

Surface area of a sphere= 4πr²

= (4 × 22/7 × 5.6 × 5.6)

=394.24cm²

Coal is used in termal power plants as fuel.

The problems associated with it are apollution which leads to global warming.The particulate matter emitted from coal power plant (CPP) have a very grave effect on public health. The main contributor to the particulate matter is coal fly ash, and minor are sulfate and nitrate.Coal contains trace impurities of uranium (U), thorium (Th), Radon (Rd) and other natural radioactive causing radioactive contamination.

1-will2-will3-shall 4-will5shall6-shall7-shall8-will

Thethree R's- reduce, reuse andrecycle- all help to cut down on the amount of waste we throw away. Theyconservenatural resources, landfill space and energy.

the three R's of saving environment are :-1. Recycle2. Reduce3. Reuse

if we recycle the used thing , we can save trees from cutting as ,if we recycle paper we can save many trees from cutting down we can also save forests

The development of turbine is distinctive for various sorts of intensity plants in light of the fact that the speed of the air isn't equivalent it contrasts on the states of the climate so the development of turbine is diverse for various kinds of intensity plants.

The vitality source bridled to turn the generator changes broadly.

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Option d is correct because genetically modified crops or transgenic crops(both are same) are only produced by modification of genes in the individual plants.

Smoke and fog both are aerosolsbut their dispersed phase isdifferent. The dispersed phase infogis liquid (water droplets) whereas the dispersed phase insmokeis solid (particulate matter).Both fogandsmokehave gas at the dispersion medium .

An Ideal fuel has following characteristics:

It is readily available,

It is less expensive,

It burns easily in air at a moderate rate,

It produces a large amount of heat,

It can transport easily

It has high calorific value, and

It does not leave behind any undesirable substances.

a)Nematode - Meloidogyne incognita.A nematode Meloidogyne incognita infect the roots of tobacco plants and causes a great reduction is yield. RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defence. This method involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that builds to and prevents translation of the mRNA

b) Using Agrobacterium vectors, nematode-specific genes were introduced into the host plant. The introduction of DNA was such that it produces both sense and anti-sense RNA in the host cells. These two RNAs being complementary to each other formed a double-stranded RNA that initiated RNAi and thus silences the specific mRNA of the nematode. As a consequence the parasite could not survive in a transgenic host expressing specific interrfering RNA.

Fusionis what powers the sun. ... Bothfission and fusionarenuclear reactionsthat produce energy, but the applications are not the same.Fissionis the splitting of a heavy, unstable nucleus into two lighter nuclei, andfusionis the process where two light nuclei combine together releasing vast amounts of energyFusionis much better thanfissionin a number of ways. Firstly,nuclear fusionrequires less fuel thanfission. ... Furthermore, unlikefission,nuclear fusion doesnot produce any radioactive waste; it only produces helium atoms as a byproduct, which we can actuallyuseto our benefit in various ways.

In a nuclear power reactor, the energy released is used as heat to make steam to generate electricity. (In aresearchreactor the main purpose is to utilise the actual neutrons produced in the core. In most naval reactors, steam drives a turbine directly for propulsion.)

We consider a fuel efficient when using the least or a lower than usual amount of fuel in proportion to useful work.

Adam's apple, or laryngeal prominence, is a feature of the human neck, and is the lump or protrusion that is formed by the angle of the thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx seen especially in males.

Granaries should be kept dry in order to prevent the spoilage of the harvest. Because, microbes can grow in damp environment. To keep granaries clean is important to keep the harvest hygiene.

Plastic bags are non biodegradable in nature Therefore, they can not get decomposed with any bacteria resulting in accumulation of waste.

Ribosomes are small structures that exist inside of cells, usually thousands of them to a single cell. Ribosomes are necessary for protein synthesis, or translation, a process that requires three different types of ribonucleic acid, or RNA. A cousin to deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, RNA structure varies depending on its role: messenger RNA (mRNA) copies the genetic code from DNA, transfer RNA (tRNA) reads this code, and ribosomes, which consist of ribosomal RNA and proteins, coordinate the efforts of mRNA and tRNA.

Biomagnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is the increasing concentration of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in the tissues of tolerant organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain.