11513 + Interview Questions in CBSE IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 44 InterviewSolution

2151.	Find the value of k for which the given quadratic equation x2-4x+k=0 has distinct real roots.
Answer» For distinct real roots the discriminant should be >0 (-4)^2-4×1×k>0 => 4k < 16 => k<4 x² - 4x + k = 0 Here, a= 1, b = -4 and c = k Since, D = b² - 4ac therefore, (-4)² - 4(1)(k) > 0 [ Since , there are two distinct roots] 16 - 4k > 0 16 > 4k 16/4 > k k < 4 Hence, when k < 4, then the quadratic equation x2 – 4x + k = 0 has distinct real roots.

2151.

Find the value of k for which the given quadratic equation x2-4x+k=0 has distinct real roots.

Answer» For distinct real roots the discriminant should be >0

(-4)^2-4×1×k>0

=> 4k < 16

=> k<4

x² - 4x + k = 0

Here, a= 1, b = -4 and c = k

Since, D = b² - 4ac

therefore, (-4)² - 4(1)(k) > 0 [ Since , there are two distinct roots]

16 - 4k > 0

16 > 4k

16/4 > k

k < 4

Hence, when k < 4, then the quadratic equation x2 – 4x + k = 0 has distinct real roots.

Discussion

2152.	Term to describe harassing, taunting, or teasing online a) Cyber bullying b) Flaming c) Trolling
Answer» a) Cyber bullying

Discussion

2153.	Name the attribute that is specified to set the width of a text. (a) limit b) size c) value d) maxlength
Answer» size attribute that is specified to set the width of a text.

Discussion

2154.	Name the attribute of the <input> tag that determines the category of controls a) SRC b) value c) name d) type
Answer» type attribute of the <input> tag that determines the category of controls.

Discussion

2155.	Write the HTML code to do the following: a. To display a horizontal line of green colour.b. To create a hyperlink on the word CLICK to an image named testimage.jpeg
Answer» (a) <hr color=”green”> (b) < a href=”testimage.jpeg”> CLICK

2155.

Write the HTML code to do the following: a. To display a horizontal line of green colour.b. To create a hyperlink on the word CLICK to an image named testimage.jpeg

Answer»

(a) <hr color=”green”>

(b) < a href=”testimage.jpeg”> CLICK

Discussion

2156.	Name the built-in functions to be used in the following situations:(i) To compare two strings.(ii) To parse any English textual datetime description into Unix timestamp
Answer» (i) strcmp( ) (ii) strtotime( )

2156.

Name the built-in functions to be used in the following situations:(i) To compare two strings.(ii) To parse any English textual datetime description into Unix timestamp

Answer»

(i) strcmp( )

(ii) strtotime( )

Discussion

2157.	Create a form to accept the name of the user as input as shown.If the user leaves the inputbox blank then it should display error as shownand if user enters name then it should display as shown below
Answer» <html> <head> <style> .error{color:#FF0000} </style> </head> <body> <?php $name = ""; $nameErr = ""; $flag=0; if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { if (empty($_POST["name"])) { $nameErr = "Name is required"; } else { $flag=1; } } function test_input($data) { $data = trim($data); $data = stripslashes($data); $data = htmlspecialchars($data); return $data; } ?> <form action="<? php echo $_SERVER[‘PHP_SELF’];?>" method="post"> Name: <input type="text" name="name"><span class="error">* </span> <?php echo $nameErr;?><br> <input type="submit" value="submit"><br> <?php if($flag==1) { echo "Hello".test_input($_POST["name"]); } ?> </form> </body> </html>

2157.

Create a form to accept the name of the user as input as shown.If the user leaves the inputbox blank then it should display error as shownand if user enters name then it should display as shown below

Answer»

<html>

<head>

<style>

.error{color:#FF0000}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$name = "";

$nameErr = "";

$flag=0;

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST")

{

if (empty($_POST["name"]))

{

$nameErr = "Name is required";

}

else

{

$flag=1;

}

function test_input($data)

{

$data = trim($data);

$data = stripslashes($data);

$data = htmlspecialchars($data);

return $data;

}

?>

<form action="<? php echo $_SERVER[‘PHP_SELF’];?>" method="post">

Name: <input type="text" name="name"><span class="error">* </span>

<?php echo $nameErr;?><br>

<?php

if($flag==1)

{

echo "Hello".test_input($_POST["name"]);

}

?>

</form>

</body>

</html>

Discussion

2158.	Form a CSS code within the …. for the following specifications: Background colour : blue For the paragraph, font family is Dotum and colour of the text is red Heading should be in black colour
Answer» <head> <style> body { background-color: blue;} p {color:red; font-family:Dotum; } h1{ color: black;} </style> </head>

2158.

Form a CSS code within the …. for the following specifications: Background colour : blue For the paragraph, font family is Dotum and colour of the text is red Heading should be in black colour

Answer»

<head>

<style>

body { background-color: blue;}

p {color:red;

font-family:Dotum;

}

h1{ color: black;}

</style>

</head>

Discussion

2159.	Write HTML code to display an ordered list (with uppercase roman numbers) listing any three subjects being taught in your school. The web page should have a red background and the title of the page should be ‘My Subjects’
Answer» <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> My Subjects</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY bgcolor=”red”> <OL type=”I”> <LI> Science</LI> <LI> Maths</LI> <LI> Computers</LI> </OL> </BODY> </HTML>

2159.

Write HTML code to display an ordered list (with uppercase roman numbers) listing any three subjects being taught in your school. The web page should have a red background and the title of the page should be ‘My Subjects’

Answer»

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> My Subjects</TITLE>

</HEAD>

<LI> Science</LI>

<LI> Maths</LI>

<LI> Computers</LI>

</OL>

</BODY>

</HTML>

Discussion

2160.

Explain any four differences between ‘Delegation; and ‘Decentralization’, specifying the bases of difference.

Answer»

Difference between delegation and decentralisation:

Basis	Delegation	Decetrasation
(a) Nature	It is compulsory because no individual can perform all tasks on his own.	It is optional because it is done at the discretion of the top action.
(b) Freedom of action	More control by Superiors hence less freedom to take own decisions.	Less control over executives hence greater freedom of action.
(c) Status	It is a Process followed to share tasks.	It is the result of the policy decision of the top management.
(d) Scope	It has a narrow scope as it is limited to superior and his immediate subordinate.	it his a Wide scope as it implies extension of delegation to the lowest level of management .
(e) Purpose	To Lessen the burden of the manager.	To increase the role of the subordinates in the organisation by giving them more autonomy.

Discussion

2161.	Rajat joined as a CEO of Bharat Ltd, a firm manufacturing Computer hardware. On the first day he addressed the employees. He said that he believed that a good company should have an employee suggestion system and he wished to minimize employee turnover to maintain organizational efficiency. He informed all employees that he would ensure that all agreements were clear, fair and there was judicious application of penalties. However, he said that he believed that lazy personnel should be dealt with sternly to send the message that everyone was equal in the eyes of management. Also that he would want to promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees, which would give rise to a spirit of mutual trust and belongingness among team members and eventually minimize need for using penalties. He told all present that the interests of the organization should take priority over the interests of any one individual employee. A. Identify and briefly explain any four principles of management given by Fayol, which Rajat highlighted in his address to the employees. B. Also state two values that Rajat wanted to spread in the organization.
Answer» A. Following are the principles of management highlighted by Rajat in his address to the employees: a. Initiative: Initiative means taking the first step in self motivation. It is thinking out and executing the plan. But it does not mean going against the established practices of the company for the sake of being different. b. Stability of personnel: “Employee turnover should be minimized to maintain organizational efficiency.” according to Fayol. Personnel should be selected and appointed after due and rigorous procedure. But once selected they should be kept at their post/position for a minimum fixed tenure. c. Discipline: Discipline is the obedience to organizational rules and employment agreement which are necessary for the working of the organization. According to Fayol, discipline requires good superiors at all levels, clear and fair agreements and judicious application of penalties. d. Equity: There should be no discrimination against anyone on account of sex, religion, language, caste, belief or nationality, etc. Good sense and experience are needed to ensure fairness to all employees, who should be treated as fairly as possible. e. Espirit de corps: Management should promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees, according to Fayol. A manager should replace ‘I’ with’We’ in all his conversations with workers to foster team spirit. f. Subordination of individual interest to general interest: In all situations the interests of the group/company will supersede the interest of any one individual. This is so because larger interests of the workers and stakeholders are more important than the interest of any one person. B. Following are values that Rajat wanted to spread in the organization: a. Responsibility b. Discipline. c. Conflict resolution. d. Good behavior in human interaction. e. Team work .

2161.

Rajat joined as a CEO of Bharat Ltd, a firm manufacturing Computer hardware. On the first day he addressed the employees. He said that he believed that a good company should have an employee suggestion system and he wished to minimize employee turnover to maintain organizational efficiency. He informed all employees that he would ensure that all agreements were clear, fair and there was judicious application of penalties. However, he said that he believed that lazy personnel should be dealt with sternly to send the message that everyone was equal in the eyes of management. Also that he would want to promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees, which would give rise to a spirit of mutual trust and belongingness among team members and eventually minimize need for using penalties. He told all present that the interests of the organization should take priority over the interests of any one individual employee. A. Identify and briefly explain any four principles of management given by Fayol, which Rajat highlighted in his address to the employees. B. Also state two values that Rajat wanted to spread in the organization.

Answer»

A. Following are the principles of management highlighted by Rajat in his address to the employees:

a. Initiative: Initiative means taking the first step in self motivation. It is thinking out and executing the plan. But it does not mean going against the established practices of the company for the sake of being different.

b. Stability of personnel: “Employee turnover should be minimized to maintain organizational efficiency.” according to Fayol. Personnel should be selected and appointed after due and rigorous procedure. But once selected they should be kept at their post/position for a minimum fixed tenure.

c. Discipline: Discipline is the obedience to organizational rules and employment agreement which are necessary for the working of the organization. According to Fayol, discipline requires good superiors at all levels, clear and fair agreements and judicious application of penalties.

d. Equity: There should be no discrimination against anyone on account of sex, religion, language, caste, belief or nationality, etc. Good sense and experience are needed to ensure fairness to all employees, who should be treated as fairly as possible.

e. Espirit de corps: Management should promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees, according to Fayol. A manager should replace ‘I’ with’We’ in all his conversations with workers to foster team spirit.

f. Subordination of individual interest to general interest: In all situations the interests of the group/company will supersede the interest of any one individual. This is so because larger interests of the workers and stakeholders are more important than the interest of any one person.

B. Following are values that Rajat wanted to spread in the organization:

a. Responsibility

b. Discipline.

c. Conflict resolution.

d. Good behavior in human interaction.

e. Team work .

Discussion

2162.	In 1955, Karve committee was constituted for aiming the …..……
Answer» In 1955, Karve committee was constituted for aiming the Development of small scale industries

Discussion

2163.	Identify the correct sequence of alternatives given in Column II by matching them with respective terms in Column IColumn – IColumn – IA. Study Group formed by Planning Commission for Povertyi. 2005 B. ‘Task Force on Projections of the Minimum Needs and Effective Consumption Demandii. 1962 C. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Actiii. 2014D. Jan DhanYojana iv.1979 Choose the correct alternative: (a) ii , iii , iv , i (b) iii , ii , i, iv (c) i , ii , iii , iv (d) ii , iv , i, iii
Answer» (d) ii , iv , i, iii

Discussion

2164.	………… an indicator which is used for analyzing the employment situation of a country.
Answer» Work force participation rate an indicator which is used for analyzing the employment situation of a country.

Discussion

2165.	Identify the correct sequence of alternatives given in Column II by matching them with respective terms in Column I:Column – IColumn – IIA. Land Ceilingi. Increase in production of food grain using high yielding variety seeds B. Land reforms ii. Portion of agricultural produce sold in the market C. Green Revolution iii. Fixing the maximum limit of land holding for an individual. D. Marketed Surplus iv. Change in the ownership of land (land to tillers)
Answer» (b) iii , iv, i , ii

Discussion

2166.	Under ………… type of unemployment, marginal product gained by employing one additional unit of labour is zero
Answer» Under Disguised type of unemployment, marginal product gained by employing one additional unit of labour is zero.

Discussion

2167.	Agriculture marketing does not comprise of ………(a) Transportation of the produce to the market place for sale.(b) Grading of the produce according to the quality. (c) Storage of the produce for sale in future. (d) Credit taken to meet expenditure on agriculture.
Answer» (d) Credit taken to meet agriculture expenditure.

Discussion

2168.	Define 'Grading' as a function of marketing.
Answer» Grading is the process of classification of products into different groups, on the basis of some of its important characteristics such as quality, size, etc.

Discussion

2169.	Reshu’s father has gifted her shares of a large cement company, with which he had been working. The securities were in physical form. She already has a bank account and does not possess any other forms of securities. She wished to sell the shares and approached a registered broker for the purpose. Mention one mandatory detail which she will have to provide with the broker.
Answer» Reshu will have to provide with the broker her Permanent Account Number (PAN).

Discussion

2170.	Laxmi Chemicals Ltd., a soap manufacturing company, wanted to increase its market share from 30% to 55% in the long run. A recent report submitted by the Research & Development Department of the company had predicted a growing trend of herbal and organic products. On the basis of this report the company decided to diversify into new variety of soaps with natural ingredients having benefits and fragrances of Jasmine, Rose, Lavender, Mogra, Lemon Grass, Green Apple, Strawberry etc. The Unique Selling Proposition (USP) was to promote eco¬friendly living in the contemporary life style. The company decided to allocate ₹ 30 crores to achieve the objective.Identify the type of one of the functions of management mentioned above which will help the company to acquire dominant position in the market.
Answer» The given para mentions the strategy as a type of plan which will help the company to acquire dominant position in the market. Hence, management function is ‘planning’.

Discussion

2171.	Give any two examples of single use plan.
Answer» Examples of single use plan. 1. Programme, 2. Budget, 3. Method.

2171.

Give any two examples of single use plan.

Answer»

Examples of single use plan.

1. Programme,

2. Budget,

3. Method.

Discussion

2172.	Given below is the T.S. of human ovary. Identify the following in the diagram:(i) Corpus luteum (ii) Secondary oocyte (iii) Antrum (iv) Primary follicle (v) Primary oocyte
Answer» (i) d–Corpus luteum (ii) c–Secondary oocyte (iii) b–Antrum (iv) e–Primary follicle (v) a–Primary oocyte

2172.

Given below is the T.S. of human ovary. Identify the following in the diagram:(i) Corpus luteum (ii) Secondary oocyte (iii) Antrum (iv) Primary follicle (v) Primary oocyte

Answer»

(i) d–Corpus luteum

(ii) c–Secondary oocyte

(iii) b–Antrum

(iv) e–Primary follicle

(v) a–Primary oocyte

Discussion

2173.

How is innate immunity different from the immunity that you acquire through vaccines? Describe any two ways by which innate immunity can be accomplished.

Answer»

S. No	Innate Immunity	Acquired Immunity
(i)	It is a non-specific type of defence present from the birth in an individual and is inherited from the parents.	It is pathogen specific which is not present from the birth and develops through vaccination.
(ii)	It does not cause side-effects.	It cause certain reaction against vaccination

Innate immunity can be accomplished by the following barriers

(i) Physiological barriers: Tears in eyes, acid in the stomach, and saliva in mouth, etc. prevent microbial growth.

(ii) Cytokine barriers: Interferons produced by virus-infected cells protect non-infected cells from further viral infection.

Discussion

2174.	Pistil of a flower does not accept pollen from any plant other than from its own kind. How does it happen? Explain.
Answer» The pistil has the ability to recognise pollen, whether it is of right type (compatible) or of the wrong type (incompatible). It is mediated by chemical components of the pollen interacting with those of the pistil.

Discussion

2175.	Explain how this sludge is used in biogas production.
Answer» A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the activated sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters. The anaerobic bacteria digest the bacteria and fungi in the sludge and produces mixture of gases like methane, hydrogen sulphide and CO₂ which constitute biogas

Discussion

2176.	Name one plant and the addictive drug extracted from its latex. How does this drug affect the human body?
Answer» Papaver somniferum (poppy plant). Additive drug extracted from its latex is opioids, morphine, heroin, etc. It is a depressant and slows down body functions.

2176.

Name one plant and the addictive drug extracted from its latex. How does this drug affect the human body?

Answer»

Papaver somniferum (poppy plant). Additive drug extracted from its latex is opioids, morphine, heroin, etc.

It is a depressant and slows down body functions.

Discussion

2177.	Which of the following is a cyanobacterium that can fix atmospheric nitrogen?Azospirillum, Oscillatoria, Spirulina
Answer» Oscillatoria.

Discussion

2178.	Study the given portion of double stranded polynucleotide chain carefully. Identify a, b, c and the 5' end of the chain.
Answer» a–Hydrogen bonds. b–Purines, i.e., adenine or thymine. c–Pentose sugar (deoxyribose sugar). d—5' end

2178.

Study the given portion of double stranded polynucleotide chain carefully. Identify a, b, c and the 5' end of the chain.

Answer»

a–Hydrogen bonds.

b–Purines, i.e., adenine or thymine.

c–Pentose sugar (deoxyribose sugar).

d—5' end

Discussion

2179.	Explain, how power is shared among different organs of government.
Answer» Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. This is called horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers. (i) Power is shared among different organs of government through the horizontal distribution of powers. (ii) These organs are Legislative, Executive and Judiciary. (iii) This type of distribution advocates “separation of powers” in which different organs of government at the same level exercise different powers.

2179.

Explain, how power is shared among different organs of government.

Answer»

Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. This is called horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers.

(i) Power is shared among different organs of government through the horizontal distribution of powers.

(ii) These organs are Legislative, Executive and Judiciary.

(iii) This type of distribution advocates “separation of powers” in which different organs of government at the same level exercise different powers.

Discussion

2180.	What is a Universal Adult Franchise? Why has it been adopted in India?
Answer» Universal adult franchise is important because : 1. It establishes political equality among all the adults. 2. It ensures that all the people are having hands in the electing ruler and hence the government is democratic. 3. The government is run by the representatives, who are elected by the people. Every citizen of India, who has completed 18 years of age, has been given the right to vote irrespective of his caste, religion, sex etc. 4. Everybody, whether he is rich or poor, young or old, man or woman, learned or illiterate should have equal voice in our democracy. ‘One person, one vote’ makes our government responsible to all citizens.

2180.

What is a Universal Adult Franchise? Why has it been adopted in India?

Answer»

Universal adult franchise is important because :

1. It establishes political equality among all the adults.

2. It ensures that all the people are having hands in the electing ruler and hence the government is democratic.

3. The government is run by the representatives, who are elected by the people. Every citizen of India, who has completed 18 years of age, has been given the right to vote irrespective of his caste, religion, sex etc.

4. Everybody, whether he is rich or poor, young or old, man or woman, learned or illiterate should have equal voice in our democracy. ‘One person, one vote’ makes our government responsible to all citizens.

Discussion

2181.	Answer the following questions in about 100–120 words:“There is no alternative of hardwork to get success”. Justify the statement with reference to ‘Two Gentlemen of Verona’.
Answer» There is no alternative of hard work to get success. All successful men owe their success to hard work. Nothing good or great can be achieved without effort and hard work. The two gentlemen of Verona were two poor boys. They were truly gentlemen. They never gave up, never asked for help and didn’t accept the pity of the two visitors. They had self-respect. They never gave up the spirit of living. They helped the two visitors in every possible way which we often see gentlemen doing. They didn’t tell the visitor about their plans. They did not want to expose it as gentlemen do. They were very helping. They also loved their sister, who was admitted in hospital. Though, they were very poor yet they visited the hospital every weekend and paid the hospital charges from the money which they earned through the various works they did. They were truly two gentlemen. They never gave up. Nicola and Jacopo had the sterling qualities of sincerity, spirit of sacrifice and the willingness to work. We should also have the qualities of sincerity, honesty and dedication to work. Like, Nicola and Jacopo, we should know our responsibility. We should be dignified and selfless. If a person has human qualities then only he has the right to be called a gentleman.

2181.

Answer the following questions in about 100–120 words:“There is no alternative of hardwork to get success”. Justify the statement with reference to ‘Two Gentlemen of Verona’.

Answer»

There is no alternative of hard work to get success. All successful men owe their success to hard work. Nothing good or great can be achieved without effort and hard work.

The two gentlemen of Verona were two poor boys. They were truly gentlemen. They never gave up, never asked for help and didn’t accept the pity of the two visitors. They had self-respect. They never gave up the spirit of living. They helped the two visitors in every possible way which we often see gentlemen doing. They didn’t tell the visitor about their plans. They did not want to expose it as gentlemen do. They were very helping. They also loved their sister, who was admitted in hospital. Though, they were very poor yet they visited the hospital every weekend and paid the hospital charges from the money which they earned through the various works they did. They were truly two gentlemen. They never gave up. Nicola and Jacopo had the sterling qualities of sincerity, spirit of sacrifice and the willingness to work. We should also have the qualities of sincerity, honesty and dedication to work. Like, Nicola and Jacopo, we should know our responsibility. We should be dignified and selfless. If a person has human qualities then only he has the right to be called a gentleman.

Discussion

2182.	Avinash of class X-A happened to watch a street corner show in which animals like monkeys and dogs were pressurized to perform arduous tasks. His timely intervention saved the animals from the tortures they were undergoing. He strongly felt about the incident and wrote a letter to the editor of the local newspaper about the treatment meted out to animals and on the attitude of the people. Imagine yourself as Avinash, write a letter in about 120 words.
Answer» 110, Keshav Kunj Agra 3 August, 20xx The Editor Amar Ujala Agra Subject : Cruelty towards Animals. Sir Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of general public towards the cruelty shown to animals. They are pressurized to perform arduous tasks. For this, innumerable cruelties are afflicted on them. Some people show utter disregard towards the animals. Animals are indiscriminately hunted for their skin, nails, food, fun and sports. They undergo several tortures. I strongly condemn the cruel treatment meted out to these animals. Through your columns, I appeal to the public to raise a voice against this cruelty. Even animals have a right to live. They must be protected as they are an integral part of our environment. Thanking you Yours truly Avinash

2182.

Avinash of class X-A happened to watch a street corner show in which animals like monkeys and dogs were pressurized to perform arduous tasks. His timely intervention saved the animals from the tortures they were undergoing. He strongly felt about the incident and wrote a letter to the editor of the local newspaper about the treatment meted out to animals and on the attitude of the people. Imagine yourself as Avinash, write a letter in about 120 words.

Answer»

110, Keshav Kunj

Agra

3 August, 20xx

The Editor

Amar Ujala

Agra

Subject : Cruelty towards Animals.

Sir

Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of general public towards the cruelty shown to animals. They are pressurized to perform arduous tasks. For this, innumerable cruelties are afflicted on them. Some people show utter disregard towards the animals. Animals are indiscriminately hunted for their skin, nails, food, fun and sports. They undergo several tortures. I strongly condemn the cruel treatment meted out to these animals.

Through your columns, I appeal to the public to raise a voice against this cruelty. Even animals have a right to live. They must be protected as they are an integral part of our environment.

Thanking you

Yours truly

Avinash

Discussion

2183.	A wire whose cross-sectional area is increasing linearly from its one end to the other, is connected across a battery of V volts. Which of the following quantities remain constant in the wire ?(a) drift speed(b) current density(c) electric current(d) electric fieldJustify your answer.
Answer» The only current through the conductor of non uniform area of cross-section is constant as the remaining quantities vary inversely with area of cross section of the conductor.

Discussion

2184.	Under what condition does a moving charge experience minimum force due a magnetic field present there?
Answer» Minimum force: When this charge is moving in the direction of the magnetic field.

Discussion

2185.	How does the fringe width, in Young’s double-slit experiment, change when the distance of separation between the slits and screen is doubled?
Answer» The fringe width is β = λD/d If D (distance between slits and screen) is doubled, then fringe width will be doubled.

2185.

How does the fringe width, in Young’s double-slit experiment, change when the distance of separation between the slits and screen is doubled?

Answer»

The fringe width is

β = λD/d

If D (distance between slits and screen) is doubled, then fringe width will be doubled.

Discussion

2186.	Abu’l Fazl had shaped and articulated the ideas associated with the reign of Akbar‘. Substantiate the statement in the context Mughal court.
Answer» Mughal court i. The physical arrangement of the court focused on the sovereign, mirrored his status as the heart of society. ii. The throne gave physical form to the function of the sovereign as axis mundi. iii. The canopy was believed, to separate the radiance of the sun from that of the sovereign. iv. In court, status was determined by spatial proximity to the king. v. The place accorded, to a courtier by the ruler was a sign of his importance in the eyes of the emperor. vi. Once the emperor sat on the throne no one was permitted to move vii. After spending an hour at the jharoka, the emperor walked to the public hall of audience (diwan-i am) toconduct the primary business of his government. viii. State officials presented reports and made requests. ix. diwan-i khas to hold private audiences and discuss confidential matters. High ministers of state placed their petitions before him x. Occasionally, the emperor viewed the works of highly reputed artists or building plans of architects xi. Id, Shab-i barat and Holi the court was full of life. Perfumed candles set in rich holders and palace walls.

2186.

Abu’l Fazl had shaped and articulated the ideas associated with the reign of Akbar‘. Substantiate the statement in the context Mughal court.

Answer»

Mughal court

i. The physical arrangement of the court focused on the sovereign, mirrored his status as the heart of society.

ii. The throne gave physical form to the function of the sovereign as axis mundi.

iii. The canopy was believed, to separate the radiance of the sun from that of the sovereign.

iv. In court, status was determined by spatial proximity to the king.

v. The place accorded, to a courtier by the ruler was a sign of his importance in the eyes of the emperor.

vi. Once the emperor sat on the throne no one was permitted to move vii. After spending an hour at the jharoka, the emperor walked to the public hall of audience (diwan-i am) toconduct the primary business of his government.

viii. State officials presented reports and made requests.

ix. diwan-i khas to hold private audiences and discuss confidential matters. High ministers of state placed their petitions before him

x. Occasionally, the emperor viewed the works of highly reputed artists or building plans of architects

xi. Id, Shab-i barat and Holi the court was full of life. Perfumed candles set in rich holders and palace walls.

Discussion

2187.	In the given figure, if TP and TQ are tangents to a circle with centre O, so that ∠POQ = 110°, then ∠PTQ is (a) 110° (b) 90° (c) 80° (d) 70°
Answer» The Correct option is (d)70°

Discussion

2188.	If A = φ, the empty set, then write the number of elements in P(A).
Answer» Getting P(A) = 1.

Discussion

2189.	If A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}, then write A × B.
Answer» Writing A x B = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)}.

Discussion

2190.	Without using long division, state whether the rational number 31/1250 has a terminating decimal or non-terminating repeating decimal.
Answer» 1250 = 5⁴ × 2 Since prime factors of 1250 are 2 and 5 only So, 31/1250 has a terminating decimal.

2190.

Without using long division, state whether the rational number 31/1250 has a terminating decimal or non-terminating repeating decimal.

Answer»

1250 = 5⁴ × 2
Since prime factors of 1250 are 2 and 5 only

So, 31/1250 has a terminating decimal.

Discussion

2191.	Convert 240° into radians.
Answer» Getting 4π/3 Detailed Answer : 240=240x π/180 =24 π/18 =4π/3

2191.

Convert 240° into radians.

Answer»

Getting

4π/3

Detailed Answer :

240=240x π/180

=24 π/18

=4π/3

Discussion

2192.	If the sum of first m terms of an AP is the same as the sum of its first n terms, show that the sum of its first (m+n) terms is zero.
Answer» S_m = S_n⇒ m/2 [2a+(m-1)d] = n/2 [2a +(n -1)d] ⇒ 2a(m -n) + d(m² -m -n² + n) = 0 ⇒ (m -n) [2a +(m+n -1) d] = 0 or S_m+n = 0

2192.

If the sum of first m terms of an AP is the same as the sum of its first n terms, show that the sum of its first (m+n) terms is zero.

Answer»

S_m = S_n⇒ m/2 [2a+(m-1)d] = n/2 [2a +(n -1)d]

⇒ 2a(m -n) + d(m² -m -n² + n) = 0

⇒ (m -n) [2a +(m+n -1) d] = 0 or S_m+n = 0

Discussion

2193.	In the figure, ABCDE is a pentagon with BE\|\|CD and BC\|\|DE. BC is perpendicular to CD. AB= 5cm, AE=5cm, BE= 7cm, BC= x-y and CD= x+y. If the perimeter of ABCDE is 27cm. find the value of x and y, given x, y ≠ 0.
Answer» x + y = 7 and 2( x -y) + x +y +5 +5 = 27 ∴ x + y = 7 and 3x -y = 27 Solving, we get, x = 6 and y = 1

2193.

In the figure, ABCDE is a pentagon with BE||CD and BC||DE. BC is perpendicular to CD. AB= 5cm, AE=5cm, BE= 7cm, BC= x-y and CD= x+y. If the perimeter of ABCDE is 27cm. find the value of x and y, given x, y ≠ 0.

Answer»

x + y = 7 and 2( x -y) + x +y +5 +5 = 27

∴ x + y = 7 and 3x -y = 27

Solving, we get, x = 6 and y = 1

Discussion

2194.

Distinguish between the acquired traits and the inherited traits in tabular form, giving one example for each.

Answer»

S.No.	Acquired Traits	Inherited Traits
1	Develop during one’s life time.	Are inherited from the parents.
2	Do not bring about changes in the DNA of the germ cells.	Result due to existing changes in the DNA of the germ cells.
3	Cannot be passed on to the progeny.	Can be passed on to the progeny.
4	Examples: Acquired knowledge, loss of weight.	Examples: Skin colour, colour of the eye

Discussion

2195.	In a quarry of sandstone, a digger found some bones below the rocks. He took them out and was about to throw them away when his fellow digger told him that this could be a fossil and they should hand it over to the museum. Answer the following questions based on the above situation: (i) Which values are promoted by the fellow digger? (ii) What contributions are the diggers making to the scientific world? (iii) Imagine yourself to be the person in the museum whom the diggers approach. What would be your response to the diggers’ discovery?
Answer» (i) Rational thinking, awareness, preservation of heritage. (ii) They provided a link which can help scientists to study the process of evolution and know more about the world in which humans did not exist. (iii) I would take the bones’ samples and send them for carbon dating to find which period they belong to.

2195.

In a quarry of sandstone, a digger found some bones below the rocks. He took them out and was about to throw them away when his fellow digger told him that this could be a fossil and they should hand it over to the museum. Answer the following questions based on the above situation: (i) Which values are promoted by the fellow digger? (ii) What contributions are the diggers making to the scientific world? (iii) Imagine yourself to be the person in the museum whom the diggers approach. What would be your response to the diggers’ discovery?

Answer»

(i) Rational thinking, awareness, preservation of heritage.

(ii) They provided a link which can help scientists to study the process of evolution and know more about the world in which humans did not exist.

(iii) I would take the bones’ samples and send them for carbon dating to find which period they belong to.

Discussion

2196.	Students while performing the experiment were given two different vectors in two different bacterial colonies being cultured in a chromogenic substrate. They observed that the bacterial colonies with cloning vector A were colourless while those with coloning vector B were blue in colour. Explain the phenomenon and the procedure behind the fact that the students were trying to figure out.
Answer» Students were working to differentiate recombinants and non-recombinants DNA on the basis of production of colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. During this phenomenon, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme 1-galactosidase that results in an inaction of the enzyme. Due to which, the bacterial colonies having plasmid inserted within it shows no colouration at all and those without plasmid tends to show blue colour.

Discussion

2197.	If during the formation of male gametes, each pollen grain produces two male gametes. Then, deduce the number of pollen grains which would be required to fertilise five ovules present in a particular carpel. Give reasons to support your answer.
Answer» Each pollen grain generates to produce two male gametes that are carried through a pollen tube to the embryo sac. This pollen tube enters the embryo sac through the filliform apparatus of one of the synergids present at the micropylar end and releases two male gametes.Out of these two male gametes, one fuses with the egg cell while, the other fuses with the secondary nucleus. Therefore, one pollen grain can fertilise only one ovule. Therefore, in order to process fertilisation of five ovules, five pollen grains will be required.

Discussion

2198.

Gametogenesis is the phenomenon known for the formation of haploid gametes taking place in both males and females. Observe the flowchart given below highlighting the influence of process of gametogenesis and answer the questions that follows.(1) Identify the type of gametogenesis shown and in whom does it take place?(2) Explain the role of different hormones involved in the complete process

Answer»

(1) The process shown in the figure above is oogenesis. It is a type of gametogenesis which occurs in females.
(2) The hormones involved in the process of oogenesis in females similar to those involved in the process of spermatogenesis in males with a only difference, that is, oogenesis hormones acts on ovaries to stimulate the complete process.

The process of gametogenesis (oogenesis) in females begins from the part of the brain, (called hypothalamus) which releases a hormone called gonadotropin releasing hormone or GnRH that further stimulates the release of hormones to act on gonads.In female, Follicle stimulating hormone acts on anterior pituitary which stimulates the folliciles present in the ovary containing the developing eggs. It also stimulates the ovary to produce the hormone, called oestrogen. This leads to the development of secondary sexual characteristics including the development of breasts and deposition of fat in some places. It also signals a drop in FSH and the production of LH (Leutinising hormone). This LH further causes the process of ovulation (i.e. the release of the egg in the females).

Discussion

2199.	The concept of separate entity is applicable to which of following types of businesses? a) Sole proprietorship b) Corporation c) Partnership d) All of them
Answer» d) All of them

Discussion

2200.	The allocation of owner's private expenses to his/her business violates which of the following? a) Accrual concept b) Matching concept c) Separate business entity concept d) Consistency concept
Answer» c) Separate business entity concept

Discussion

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