11513 + Interview Questions in CBSE IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 62 InterviewSolution

3051.	"Sustainability of development is a crisis for scientists, economist, philosophers and social scientists." justify
Answer» Sustainability and sustainable development are the catch phrases and centre-stage of all discussion in the arena of economic, environmental, social, educational activities and what not! Sustainability is the nature or property of something being sustained or that runs in perpetuity remaining same (may be dynamic stability!). On the other hand sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the presents without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs. SD satisfies the triple bottom lines (TBL) of environmental protection, economic development and social security. SD is always for people, planet and prosperity (3P), in other words, it's for environment (protection), economy (prosperity) and (social) equity.

Discussion

3052.	How does the author describe freedom in the chapter the "Long Walk to Freedom".
Answer» In this chapter an extract from the autobiography of Nelson Mandela (born- 18 July, 1918), the first Black President of South Africa. Excerpts from “Long Walk to Freedom” include description of the inauguration ceremony, citations from his speech, his journey to being a freedom fighter, the struggle, along with a tribute to other freedom fighters and countless other people who fought for their freedom. In South Africa, a brutal practice named “apartheid” was followed. Apartheid refers to the discrimination between people on the basis of their race. It was one of the most brutal societies where dark-skinned people were deprived of their basic rights. This lesson gives us an overview as to how Nelson Mandela along with others, carved their way to a society where there will be no discrimination on the basis of their colour, caste, race, age or gender.

Discussion

3053.	Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it’s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that helps is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following questions in about 30-40 words each .(i) According to the passage, what are the attributes of a human?(ii) What is perceived as grit?(iii) How is ‘failing’ an educational and empowering part of human life? (iv) In what ways can grit be developed?(v) How does mindfulness help?
Answer» (i) feelings, emotions, and dreams; meant to grow ;flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way (ii) If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call grit. (iii) Failing teaches how to be perseverant and keep going for ones goals. Each failure makes one understand what to do and what not to do. (iv) Do not accept defeat; effort to overcome limitations; not to stay down. (v) Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice is a technique that many have used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts.

3053.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it’s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that helps is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following questions in about 30-40 words each .(i) According to the passage, what are the attributes of a human?(ii) What is perceived as grit?(iii) How is ‘failing’ an educational and empowering part of human life? (iv) In what ways can grit be developed?(v) How does mindfulness help?

Answer»

(i) feelings, emotions, and dreams; meant to grow ;flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way

(ii) If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call grit.

(iii) Failing teaches how to be perseverant and keep going for ones goals. Each failure makes one understand what to do and what not to do.

(iv) Do not accept defeat; effort to overcome limitations; not to stay down.

(v) Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice is a technique that many have used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts.

Discussion

3054.	Read the following passage and answers the questions.1. On the banks of the Thames it is a tremendous chapter of accidents - the London-lover has to confess to the existence of miles upon miles of the dreariest, stodgiest commonness. Thousands of acres are covered by low black houses, of the cheapest construction, without ornament, without grace, without character or even identity. In fact there are many, even in the best quarters, in all the region of Mayfair and Belgravia, of so paltry and inconvenient and above all of so diminutive a type, that you wonder what peculiarly limited domestic need they were constructed to meet.2. The great misfortune of London, to the eye (it is true that this remark applies much less to the City), is the want of elevation. There is no architectural impression without a certain degree of height, and the London street-vista has none of that sort of pride. All the same, if there be not the intention, there is at least the accident, of style, which, if one looks at it in a friendly way, appears to proceed from three sources.3. One of these is simply the general greatness, and the manner in which that makes a difference for the better in any particular spot, so that though you may often perceive yourself to be in a shabby corner it never occurs to you that this is the end of it. Another is the atmosphere, with its magnificent mystifications, which flatters and superfuses, makes everything brown, rich, dim, vague, magnifies distances and minimises details, confirms the inference of vastness by suggesting that, as the great city makes everything, it makes its own system of weather and its own optical laws.4. The last is the congregation of the parks, which constitute an ornament not elsewhere to be matched and give the place a superiority that none of its uglinesses overcome. They spread themselves with such a luxury of space in the centre of the town that they form a part of the impression of any walk, of almost any view, and, with an audacity altogether their own, make a pastoral landscape under the smoky sky.5. There is no mood of the rich London climate that is not becoming to them - I have seen them look delightfully romantic, like parks in novels, in the wettest winter - and there is scarcely a mood of the appreciative resident to which they have not something to say. The high things of London, which here and there peep over them, only make the spaces vaster by reminding you that you are after all not in Kent or Yorkshire; and these things, whatever they be, rows of ‘eligible’ dwellings, towers of churches, domes of institutions, take such an effective gray-blue tint that a clever watercolorist would seem to have put them in for pictorial reasons.6. The view from the bridge over the Serpentine has an extraordinary nobleness, and it has often seemed to me that the Londoner twitted with his low standard may point to it with every confidence. In all the town-scenery of Europe there can be few things so fine; the only reproach it is open to is that it begs the question by seeming - in spite of its being the pride of five millions of people - not to belong to a town at all.7. The towers of Notre Dame, as they rise, in Paris, from the island that divides the Seine, present themselves no more impressively than those of Westminster as you see them looking doubly far beyond the shining stretch of Hyde Park water. Equally admirable is the large, river-like manner in which the Serpentine opens away between its wooded shores.8. Just after you have crossed the bridge you enjoy on your left, through the gate of Kensington Gardens, an altogether enchanting vista - a footpath over the grass, which loses itself beneath the scattered oaks and elms exactly as if the place were a 'chase.' There could be nothing less like London in general than this particular morsel, and yet it takes London, of all cities, to give you such an impression of the country. 1. What does the author mean by, ‘ a tremendous chapter of accidents’?2. Which two sources does the author mention as being instrumental in giving London its style?3. What is the great misfortune of London to the eye?4. Why does the author refer to the parks in London as an ornament?5. How does the author describe the view from the bridge over the Serpentine?
Answer» (1) (i) existence of miles upon miles of the dreariest, stodgiest commonness (ii) Thousands of acres are covered by low black houses, of the cheapest construction, without ornament, without grace, without character or even identity. (2) (i) general greatness (ii) atmosphere (iii) congregation of parks 3. the want of elevation. There is no architectural impression without a certain degree of height 4. (i) They spread themselves with such a luxury of space in the centre of the town that they form a part of the impression of any walk, of almost any view, and, with an audacity altogether their own, make a pastoral landscape under the smoky sky. (ii) There is no mood of the rich London climate that is not becoming to them (5) (i) has an extraordinary nobleness, (ii) In all the town-scenery of Europe there can be few things so fine; it seems not to belong to a town at all

3054.

Read the following passage and answers the questions.1. On the banks of the Thames it is a tremendous chapter of accidents - the London-lover has to confess to the existence of miles upon miles of the dreariest, stodgiest commonness. Thousands of acres are covered by low black houses, of the cheapest construction, without ornament, without grace, without character or even identity. In fact there are many, even in the best quarters, in all the region of Mayfair and Belgravia, of so paltry and inconvenient and above all of so diminutive a type, that you wonder what peculiarly limited domestic need they were constructed to meet.2. The great misfortune of London, to the eye (it is true that this remark applies much less to the City), is the want of elevation. There is no architectural impression without a certain degree of height, and the London street-vista has none of that sort of pride. All the same, if there be not the intention, there is at least the accident, of style, which, if one looks at it in a friendly way, appears to proceed from three sources.3. One of these is simply the general greatness, and the manner in which that makes a difference for the better in any particular spot, so that though you may often perceive yourself to be in a shabby corner it never occurs to you that this is the end of it. Another is the atmosphere, with its magnificent mystifications, which flatters and superfuses, makes everything brown, rich, dim, vague, magnifies distances and minimises details, confirms the inference of vastness by suggesting that, as the great city makes everything, it makes its own system of weather and its own optical laws.4. The last is the congregation of the parks, which constitute an ornament not elsewhere to be matched and give the place a superiority that none of its uglinesses overcome. They spread themselves with such a luxury of space in the centre of the town that they form a part of the impression of any walk, of almost any view, and, with an audacity altogether their own, make a pastoral landscape under the smoky sky.5. There is no mood of the rich London climate that is not becoming to them - I have seen them look delightfully romantic, like parks in novels, in the wettest winter - and there is scarcely a mood of the appreciative resident to which they have not something to say. The high things of London, which here and there peep over them, only make the spaces vaster by reminding you that you are after all not in Kent or Yorkshire; and these things, whatever they be, rows of ‘eligible’ dwellings, towers of churches, domes of institutions, take such an effective gray-blue tint that a clever watercolorist would seem to have put them in for pictorial reasons.6. The view from the bridge over the Serpentine has an extraordinary nobleness, and it has often seemed to me that the Londoner twitted with his low standard may point to it with every confidence. In all the town-scenery of Europe there can be few things so fine; the only reproach it is open to is that it begs the question by seeming - in spite of its being the pride of five millions of people - not to belong to a town at all.7. The towers of Notre Dame, as they rise, in Paris, from the island that divides the Seine, present themselves no more impressively than those of Westminster as you see them looking doubly far beyond the shining stretch of Hyde Park water. Equally admirable is the large, river-like manner in which the Serpentine opens away between its wooded shores.8. Just after you have crossed the bridge you enjoy on your left, through the gate of Kensington Gardens, an altogether enchanting vista - a footpath over the grass, which loses itself beneath the scattered oaks and elms exactly as if the place were a 'chase.' There could be nothing less like London in general than this particular morsel, and yet it takes London, of all cities, to give you such an impression of the country. 1. What does the author mean by, ‘ a tremendous chapter of accidents’?2. Which two sources does the author mention as being instrumental in giving London its style?3. What is the great misfortune of London to the eye?4. Why does the author refer to the parks in London as an ornament?5. How does the author describe the view from the bridge over the Serpentine?

Answer»

(1) (i) existence of miles upon miles of the dreariest, stodgiest commonness

(ii) Thousands of acres are covered by low black houses, of the cheapest construction, without ornament, without grace, without character or even identity.

(2) (i) general greatness

(ii) atmosphere

(iii) congregation of parks

3. the want of elevation. There is no architectural impression without a certain degree of height

4. (i) They spread themselves with such a luxury of space in the centre of the town that they form a part of the impression of any walk, of almost any view, and, with an audacity altogether their own, make a pastoral landscape under the smoky sky.

(ii) There is no mood of the rich London climate that is not becoming to them

(5) (i) has an extraordinary nobleness,

(ii) In all the town-scenery of Europe there can be few things so fine; it seems not to belong to a town at all

Discussion

3055.	Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it‟s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that help is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgment. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following questions(i) According to the passage, what are the attributes of a human? (ii) What is perceived as grit? (iii) How is „failing‟ an educational and empowering part of human life? (iv) In what ways can grit be developed?(v) How does mindfulness help?
Answer» (i) feelings, emotions, and dreams; meant to grow ;flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way (ii) If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call grit. (iii) Failing teaches how to be perseverant and keep going for ones goals. Each failure makes one understand what to do and what not to do. (iv) Do not accept defeat; effort to overcome limitations; not to stay down. (v) Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice is a technique that many have used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts.

3055.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it‟s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that help is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgment. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following questions(i) According to the passage, what are the attributes of a human? (ii) What is perceived as grit? (iii) How is „failing‟ an educational and empowering part of human life? (iv) In what ways can grit be developed?(v) How does mindfulness help?

Answer»

(i) feelings, emotions, and dreams; meant to grow ;flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way

(ii) If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call grit.

(iii) Failing teaches how to be perseverant and keep going for ones goals. Each failure makes one understand what to do and what not to do.

(iv) Do not accept defeat; effort to overcome limitations; not to stay down.

(v) Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice is a technique that many have used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts.

Discussion

3056.	Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it’s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that helps is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following:(i) While inventing the light bulb, Thomas Edison had failed____________a. 1000 times b. 10000 plus timesc. 1000 plus timesd. 10000 times (ii) Failure is a part of _______ life.a. normal b. commonc. humand. ordinary(iii) In paragraph 2, ____________ means continue.a. robotsb. satisfiedc. persevered. flourishing(iv) In paragraph 3, the synonym of distressing is __________.a. embarrassingb. scariestc. agonizingd. failing(v) _________ helps in preventing individuals from going down the lines of despair.a. successb. fearc. doubt d. mindfulness
Answer» (i) 1000 plus (ii) human (iii) Persevere (iv) agonising (v) Mindfulness

3056.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it’s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that helps is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following:(i) While inventing the light bulb, Thomas Edison had failed________a. 1000 times b. 10000 plus timesc. 1000 plus timesd. 10000 times (ii) Failure is a part of _ life.a. normal b. commonc. humand. ordinary(iii) In paragraph 2, means continue.a. robotsb. satisfiedc. persevered. flourishing(iv) In paragraph 3, the synonym of distressing is .a. embarrassingb. scariestc. agonizingd. failing(v) _ helps in preventing individuals from going down the lines of despair.a. successb. fearc. doubt d. mindfulness

Answer»

(i) 1000 plus

(ii) human

(iii) Persevere

(iv) agonising

(v) Mindfulness

Discussion

3057.	Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it‟s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that help is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgment. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following: (i) While inventing the light bulb, Thomas Edison had failed (a) 1000 times (b) 10000 plus times (c) 1000 plus times (d) 10000 times (ii) Failure is a part of life. (a) normal (b) common (c) human (d) ordinary (iii) In paragraph 2, means continue. (a) robots (b) satisfied (c) persevere (d) flourishing (iv) In paragraph 3, the synonym of distressing is _ (a) embarrassing (b) scariest (c) agonizing d. failing(v) helps in preventing individuals from going down the lines of despair. (a) success (b) fear (c) doubt(d) mindfulness
Answer» (i) 1000 plus (ii) human (iii) Persevere (iv) agonising (v) Mindfulness

3057.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it‟s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest. Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that help is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgment. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following: (i) While inventing the light bulb, Thomas Edison had failed (a) 1000 times (b) 10000 plus times (c) 1000 plus times (d) 10000 times (ii) Failure is a part of life. (a) normal (b) common (c) human (d) ordinary (iii) In paragraph 2, means continue. (a) robots (b) satisfied (c) persevere (d) flourishing (iv) In paragraph 3, the synonym of distressing is _ (a) embarrassing (b) scariest (c) agonizing d. failing(v) helps in preventing individuals from going down the lines of despair. (a) success (b) fear (c) doubt(d) mindfulness

Answer»

(i) 1000 plus

(ii) human

(iii) Persevere

(iv) agonising

(v) Mindfulness

Discussion

3058.	Fill in the blanks choosing the most appropriate option from the ones given in the box. 1. Butterflies are abundant -------- the Central African Republic.2. It ___________home to nearly 600 identified species.3. Many butterflies are brilliantly coloured and small---------- some are as big as saucers.4. Farmer Philippe ---------- solace in collecting butterfly wings from his fields and turning them into works of art.5. My favourite hobby, since my childhood, is-------------- butterflies
Answer» (i) in (ii) is (iv) but (iv) finds (iii) catching

3058.

Fill in the blanks choosing the most appropriate option from the ones given in the box. 1. Butterflies are abundant -------- the Central African Republic.2. It ___________home to nearly 600 identified species.3. Many butterflies are brilliantly coloured and small---------- some are as big as saucers.4. Farmer Philippe ---------- solace in collecting butterfly wings from his fields and turning them into works of art.5. My favourite hobby, since my childhood, is-------------- butterflies

Answer»

(i) in

(ii) is

(iv) but

(iv) finds

(iii) catching

Discussion

3059.	Which one of the following is the largest linguistic group of India? (a) Sino – Tibetan (b) Indo – Aryan (c) Austric (d) Dravidian
Answer» Correct option (b) Indo Arya

3059.

Which one of the following is the largest linguistic group of India? (a) Sino – Tibetan (b) Indo – Aryan (c) Austric (d) Dravidian

Answer»

Correct option (b) Indo Arya

Discussion

3060.	Which one of the following periods had witnessed rapid growth of population. (a) Before 1921 (b) 1921 - 1951 (c) 1951 – 1981 (d) After 1981
Answer» Correct option (c) 1951 - 1981

Discussion

3061.	Which one of the following is the main reason for male migration in India? (a) Education (b) Business (c) Work and employment (d) Marriage
Answer» Correct option (c) Work and employment.

Discussion

3062.	Identify the country with the highest sex ratio in the world (a) Latvia (b) United Arab Emirates (c) Japan (d) France
Answer» Correct option (a) Latvia

Discussion

3063.	(a) How does food security get affected during a natural calamity?(b) Explain three ways in which we can ensure food security in India.
Answer» (a) Following are the ways in which food security gets affected during a natural calamity (i) Due to a natural calamity, total production of food grains decreases. (ii) It creates a shortage of food in the affected area. (iii) Due to shortage of food, the prices go up. At higher prices, some people cannot afford to buy food. (iv) If such a calamity occurs in a widespread area, it may cause a situation of starvation. (v) A massive situation of starvation might turn into a famine. (b) Following are the ways in which we can ensure food security in India (i) By ensuring availability of enough food for all and for all the time. (ii) By ensuring that people have the capacity to buy food of acceptable quality. (iii) By ensuring people’s accessibility to food.

3063.

(a) How does food security get affected during a natural calamity?(b) Explain three ways in which we can ensure food security in India.

Answer»

(a) Following are the ways in which food security gets affected during a natural calamity

(i) Due to a natural calamity, total production of food grains decreases.

(ii) It creates a shortage of food in the affected area.

(iii) Due to shortage of food, the prices go up.
At higher prices, some people cannot afford to buy food.

(iv) If such a calamity occurs in a widespread area, it may cause a situation of starvation.

(v) A massive situation of starvation might turn into a famine.

(b) Following are the ways in which we can ensure food security in India

(i) By ensuring availability of enough food for all and for all the time.

(ii) By ensuring that people have the capacity to buy food of acceptable quality.

(iii) By ensuring people’s accessibility to food.

Discussion

3064.	Which one of the following figures represents the working age group of the population? (a) 15 to 65 years (b) 15 to 64 years (c) 15 to 66 years (d) 15 to 59 years
Answer» Correct option: (d) 15 to 59 year

3064.

Which one of the following figures represents the working age group of the population? (a) 15 to 65 years (b) 15 to 64 years (c) 15 to 66 years (d) 15 to 59 years

Answer»

Correct option: (d) 15 to 59 year

Discussion

3065.	What is migration? Which are the two types of migration? Describe the trends of migration in India.
Answer» Migration is the seasonal journey or the journey of people from one place to other when there are lack of resources in the own country. Types of Migration: The two types of migration are internal (within the country from one area to another) and international (between countries). Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation. Trends of Migration in India: The trends of temporary migration in India are of the herders, who take their flocks to different pastures during the summer and winter. These herders live mosdy in the hilly and desert areas. Permanent migration occurs from the rural areas to the urban areas in search of employment opportunities as there is great poverty and unemployment in rural areas of India.

3065.

What is migration? Which are the two types of migration? Describe the trends of migration in India.

Answer»

Migration is the seasonal journey or the journey of people from one place to other when there are lack of resources in the own country.

Types of Migration:

The two types of migration are internal (within the country from one area to another) and international (between countries).

Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation.

Trends of Migration in India:

The trends of temporary migration in India are of the herders, who take their flocks to different pastures during the summer and winter.

These herders live mosdy in the hilly and desert areas. Permanent migration occurs from the rural areas to the urban areas in search of employment opportunities as there is great poverty and unemployment in rural areas of India.

Discussion

3066.	Which one of the following group of cities have been arranged in the sequence of their ranks i.e., 1,2,3 and 4 in size ? (a) Greater Mumbai, Bangaluru, Kolkata, Chennai. (b) Delhi, Greater Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata. (c) Kolkata, Greater Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi. (d) Greater Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai.
Answer» Correct option (d) Greater Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi and Chennai

Discussion

3067.	How does Reserve Bank of India play crucial role in controlling the formal sector loans? Explain.
Answer» The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) supervises all formal sources of credit or loan approvals or disbursements in India. This is the Central Bank of India. (i) Commercial Banks are also required to hold the part of their cash with Reserve Bank of India maintaining a minimum said type of cash out deposits and banks also has to submit the lending information details to the Reserve Bank of India to ensure the bank gives loans to everyone in need. (ii) Reserve Bank of India sees that the banks give loans not just to profit making business and traders but also to small cultivators, small-scale industries to small borrowers, etc. (iii) Banks have to submit the lending information details to the Reserve Bank of India to ensure that the bank give loans to all kinds of customers.

3067.

How does Reserve Bank of India play crucial role in controlling the formal sector loans? Explain.

Answer»

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) supervises all formal sources of credit or loan approvals or disbursements in India.

This is the Central Bank of India.

(i) Commercial Banks are also required to hold the part of their cash with Reserve Bank of India maintaining a minimum said type of cash out deposits and banks also has to submit the lending information details to the Reserve Bank of India to ensure the bank gives loans to everyone in need.

(ii) Reserve Bank of India sees that the banks give loans not just to profit making business and traders but also to small cultivators, small-scale industries to small borrowers, etc.

(iii) Banks have to submit the lending information details to the Reserve Bank of India to ensure that the bank give loans to all kinds of customers.

Discussion

3068.	Name any one national waterway of India.
Answer» National waterways of India a. NW 1 Allahabad – Haldia stretch (Ganga river) b. NW 2 Sadiya – Dhubri stretch (Brahmaputra river) c. NW 3 Kottapuram – Kottam stretch (west coast canal in Kerala)

3068.

Name any one national waterway of India.

Answer»

National waterways of India

a. NW 1 Allahabad – Haldia stretch (Ganga river)

b. NW 2 Sadiya – Dhubri stretch (Brahmaputra river)

c. NW 3 Kottapuram – Kottam stretch (west coast canal in Kerala)

Discussion

3069.	Study the following table and answer the questions that follow: India - Human Development IndexSource : Planning Commission of India : India National Human Development Report, 2011.I. Name any two states with HDI value lower than 0.40.II. What do you think how would thoughts of Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq or Prof. Amartya Sen be helpful in raising the level of human development in these states of India?
Answer» I. States with lower HDI rank- M.P., Bihar, Odisha, Chhattisgarh. II. Dr Haq and Dr. Amartya Sen talked about human development as development that enlarges people’s choices and improves the standard of their lives. People are central to all development under this concept. These choices are not fixed but keep on changing. Their ideas guide us in making programmes and policies to achieve the basic goal of development. It is to create conditions where people can live healthy and meaningful lives. A meaningful life is not just a long one. It must be a life with some purpose. This means that people must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society and be free to observe improvement in efficiency and productivity.

3069.

Study the following table and answer the questions that follow: India - Human Development IndexSource : Planning Commission of India : India National Human Development Report, 2011.I. Name any two states with HDI value lower than 0.40.II. What do you think how would thoughts of Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq or Prof. Amartya Sen be helpful in raising the level of human development in these states of India?

Answer»

I. States with lower HDI rank- M.P., Bihar, Odisha, Chhattisgarh.

II. Dr Haq and Dr. Amartya Sen talked about human development as development that enlarges people’s choices and improves the standard of their lives. People are central to all development under this concept. These choices are not fixed but keep on changing.

Their ideas guide us in making programmes and policies to achieve the basic goal of development. It is to create conditions where people can live healthy and meaningful lives. A meaningful life is not just a long one. It must be a life with some purpose. This means that people must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society and be free to observe improvement in efficiency and productivity.

Discussion

3070.	“India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirement”. Support this statement with three arguments.
Answer» India's commercial energy requirements are in the following areas: (i) Electricity Generation The majority of electricity generation plants in India are based on burning of coal for generating steam to power turbines. (ii) Heating in Industries Many industries use coal-fired furnaces for generating heat for their various operations. (iii) Steel Manufacture Blast furnaces in steel plants utilise coal for providing the heating required to melt the metal.

3070.

“India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirement”. Support this statement with three arguments.

Answer»

India's commercial energy requirements are in the following areas:

(i) Electricity Generation The majority of electricity generation plants in India are based on burning of coal for generating steam to power turbines.

(ii) Heating in Industries Many industries use coal-fired furnaces for generating heat for their various operations.

(iii) Steel Manufacture Blast furnaces in steel plants utilise coal for providing the heating required to melt the metal.

Discussion

3071.	Explain any five steps taken by the government of India to promote international trade.
Answer» (A) India has trade relations with most of the countries and major trading blocks of the world. (B) (i) India aims to double its share in the international trade. For this, it has started to adopt suitable steps to promote international trade. (ii) Import liberalisation. (iii) Reduction in Import duties (iv) Promotion of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to promote exports. (v) Change from process to product patents.

3071.

Explain any five steps taken by the government of India to promote international trade.

Answer»

(A) India has trade relations with most of the countries and major trading blocks of the world.

(B) (i) India aims to double its share in the international trade. For this, it has started to adopt suitable steps to promote international trade.

(ii) Import liberalisation.

(iii) Reduction in Import duties

(iv) Promotion of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to promote exports.

(v) Change from process to product patents.

Discussion

3072.	Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow.(i) Name the transport line shown in the map. (ii) Name two ocean/sea coasts which are being connected by this transport line. (iii) Give any point of significance of this transport line.
Answer» I. Trans-Siberian Railway Line II Baltic Sea in the west and Pacific Ocean in the south III Significance of this railway line - Runs across the northern part of Russia It is the most important route in Asia and the longest (9,332 km) double-tracked and electrified trans– continental railway in the world. It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets.

3072.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow.(i) Name the transport line shown in the map. (ii) Name two ocean/sea coasts which are being connected by this transport line. (iii) Give any point of significance of this transport line.

Answer»

I. Trans-Siberian Railway Line

II Baltic Sea in the west and Pacific Ocean in the south

III Significance of this railway line -

Runs across the northern part of Russia
It is the most important route in Asia and the longest (9,332 km) double-tracked and electrified trans– continental railway in the world.
It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets.

Discussion

3073.	When was Bharmaur region of Himachal Pradesh notified as a tribal area? Discuss any four characteristics of this region.
Answer» Bharmaur region of Himachal Pradesh was notified tribal area on 21 Nov. 1975. • (i) Bharmaur is inhabited by Gaddi, a tribal community who have maintained a distinct identity in the Himalayan region as they practised transhumance and conversed through ‘Gaddiali dialect. (ii) It has harsh climatic condition, low resource base and fragile environment. These factors have influenced the society and economy of the region. (iii) It is one of the most economically and socially backward areas of Himachal Pradesh. (iv) The Gaddias have experienced geographical and political isolation and socio economic deprivation. (v) The economy is based on agriculture and allied activities such as sheep and goat rearing

3073.

When was Bharmaur region of Himachal Pradesh notified as a tribal area? Discuss any four characteristics of this region.

Answer»

Bharmaur region of Himachal Pradesh was notified tribal area on 21 Nov. 1975.

• (i) Bharmaur is inhabited by Gaddi, a tribal community who have maintained a distinct identity in the Himalayan region as they practised transhumance and conversed through ‘Gaddiali dialect.

(ii) It has harsh climatic condition, low resource base and fragile environment. These factors have influenced the society and economy of the region.

(iii) It is one of the most economically and socially backward areas of Himachal Pradesh.

(iv) The Gaddias have experienced geographical and political isolation and socio economic deprivation.

(v) The economy is based on agriculture and allied activities such as sheep and goat rearing

Discussion

3074.	“Mediterranean Agriculture is highly specialised commercial agriculture.” Discuss the statement by giving suitable arguments.
Answer» Mediterranean Agriculture is highly specialised commercial agriculture. • It is practised in the countries on either side of the Mediterranean sea in Europe and in north Africa from Tunisia to Atlantic coast, southern California, central Chile, south western parts of South Africa and south and south western parts of Australia. • This region is an important supplier of citrus fruits. • Viticulture or grape cultivation is a speciality of the Mediterranean region. • Best quality wines in the world with distinctive flavours are produced from high quality grapes in various countries of this region. • The inferior grapes are dried into raisins and currants. This region also produces olives and figs. • The advantage of Mediterranean agriculture is that more valuable crops such as fruits and vegetables are grown in winters when there is great demand in European and North American markets.

3074.

“Mediterranean Agriculture is highly specialised commercial agriculture.” Discuss the statement by giving suitable arguments.

Answer»

Mediterranean Agriculture is highly specialised commercial agriculture.

• It is practised in the countries on either side of the Mediterranean sea in Europe and in north Africa from Tunisia to Atlantic coast, southern California, central Chile, south western parts of South Africa and south and south western parts of Australia.

• This region is an important supplier of citrus fruits.

• Viticulture or grape cultivation is a speciality of the Mediterranean region.

• Best quality wines in the world with distinctive flavours are produced from high quality grapes in various countries of this region.

• The inferior grapes are dried into raisins and currants. This region also produces olives and figs.

• The advantage of Mediterranean agriculture is that more valuable crops such as fruits and vegetables are grown in winters when there is great demand in European and North American markets.

Discussion

3075.	Mention any two sources of water pollution by human beings in India.
Answer» The two sources of water pollution by human beings in India are as follows: 1. The urban sources of polluted water and sewage, municipal and domestic garbage that is disposed into the water. 2. The disposal of industrial effluents into the running water which makes the water body degraded and poisonous

3075.

Mention any two sources of water pollution by human beings in India.

Answer»

The two sources of water pollution by human beings in India are as follows:

1. The urban sources of polluted water and sewage, municipal and domestic garbage that is disposed into the water.

2. The disposal of industrial effluents into the running water which makes the water body degraded and poisonous

Discussion

3076.	Study the diagram given below and answer the questions:(a) Identify the canal shown in the map.(b) Name the two water bodies joined by the canal.(c) What is the importance of this canal.
Answer» I Suez Canal II Mediterranean Sea in the north and Red Sea in the south III Significance- • It gives Europe a new gateway to the Indian Ocean and reduces direct sea-route distance between Liverpool and Colombo compared to the Cape of Good Hope route. • It is a sea-level canal without locks which is about 160 km and 11 to 15 m deep. • About 100 ships travel daily and each ship takes 10-12 hours to cross this canal.

3076.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions:(a) Identify the canal shown in the map.(b) Name the two water bodies joined by the canal.(c) What is the importance of this canal.

Answer»

I Suez Canal

II Mediterranean Sea in the north and Red Sea in the south

III Significance-

• It gives Europe a new gateway to the Indian Ocean and reduces direct sea-route distance between Liverpool and Colombo compared to the Cape of Good Hope route.

• It is a sea-level canal without locks which is about 160 km and 11 to 15 m deep.

• About 100 ships travel daily and each ship takes 10-12 hours to cross this canal.

Discussion

3077.	Which socio-economic benefits are being observed by implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP) in Bharmaur?
Answer» Following are the socio-economic benefits are being observed by implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP) in Bharmaur - (i) tremendous increase in literacy rate (ii) improvement in sex ratio (iii) decline in child marriage. (iv) increase in female literacy rate & decline in difference between male and female literacy (v) emphasis on food grains and livestock production (vi) cultivation of pulses and other cash crops has increased (vii) declining importance of pastoralism in the economy (viii) only about one-tenth of the total households practise transhumance.

3077.

Which socio-economic benefits are being observed by implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP) in Bharmaur?

Answer»

Following are the socio-economic benefits are being observed by implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP) in Bharmaur -

(i) tremendous increase in literacy rate

(ii) improvement in sex ratio

(iii) decline in child marriage.

(iv) increase in female literacy rate & decline in difference between male and female literacy

(v) emphasis on food grains and livestock production

(vi) cultivation of pulses and other cash crops has increased

(vii) declining importance of pastoralism in the economy

(viii) only about one-tenth of the total households practise transhumance.

Discussion

3078.	Study the map given below and answer the questions that follow:(i) Which economic activity is revealed in the shaded portion?(ii) What are the products of primary activity in these regions?(iii) Name any one region where it is best developed.
Answer» (i) Extensive Commercial Grain Cultivation (ii) Wheat is the principal crop, though other crops like corn, barley, oats and rye are also grown. (iii) This type of agriculture is best developed in Eurasian steppes, the Canadian and American Prairies, the Pampas of Argentina, the Velds of South Africa, the Australian Downs and the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand.

3078.

Study the map given below and answer the questions that follow:(i) Which economic activity is revealed in the shaded portion?(ii) What are the products of primary activity in these regions?(iii) Name any one region where it is best developed.

Answer»

(i) Extensive Commercial Grain Cultivation

(ii) Wheat is the principal crop, though other crops like corn, barley, oats and rye are also grown.

(iii) This type of agriculture is best developed in Eurasian steppes, the Canadian and American Prairies, the Pampas of Argentina, the Velds of South Africa, the Australian Downs and the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand.

Discussion

3079.	Discuss the five factors which favoured the concentration of Iron and Steel industry in the Chhotanagpur region (comprising parts of Chhattisgarh, northern Odisha, Jharkhand and western West Bengal) in India.
Answer» Factors which favoured the concentration of Iron and Steel industry in the Chhotanagpur region (comprising parts of Chhattisgarh, northern Odisha, Jharkhand and western West Bengal) in India - • Raw Material • Power • Market • Water • Transport

3079.

Discuss the five factors which favoured the concentration of Iron and Steel industry in the Chhotanagpur region (comprising parts of Chhattisgarh, northern Odisha, Jharkhand and western West Bengal) in India.

Answer»

Factors which favoured the concentration of Iron and Steel industry in the Chhotanagpur region (comprising parts of Chhattisgarh, northern Odisha, Jharkhand and western West Bengal) in India -

• Raw Material

• Power

• Market

• Water

• Transport

Discussion

3080.	Describe the achievements and contribution of Indian railways in the economy.
Answer» (i) Indian Railways has launched extensive programme to adopt the policy of unigauge system. It is to convert the metre and narrow gauges to broad gauge. (ii) Steam engines have been replaced by diesel and electric engines. This step has increased the speed as well as the haulage capacity. The replacement of steam engines run by coal has also improved the environment of the stations. (iii) Metro rail has revolutionlised the urban transport system in Kolkata and Delhi. replacement of diesel buses by CNG run vehicles along with introduction of metro is a welcome step towards controlling the air pollution in urban centres. (iv) Areas around towns, raw material producing areas and of plantations and other commercial crops, hill stations and cantonment towns were well-connected by railways from the British colonial era. These were mostly developed for the exploitation of resources. (v) After the Independence of the country, railway routes have been extended to other areas too. The most significant development has been the development of Konkan Railway along the western coast providing a direct link between Mumbai and Mangaluru. (vi) Railway continues to remain the main means of transport for the masses. Railway network is relatively less dense in the hill states, north eastern states, central parts of India and Rajasthan.

3080.

Describe the achievements and contribution of Indian railways in the economy.

Answer»

(i) Indian Railways has launched extensive programme to adopt the policy of unigauge system. It is to convert the metre and narrow gauges to broad gauge.

(ii) Steam engines have been replaced by diesel and electric engines. This step has increased the speed as well as the haulage capacity. The replacement of steam engines run by coal has also improved the environment of the stations.

(iii) Metro rail has revolutionlised the urban transport system in Kolkata and Delhi. replacement of diesel buses by CNG run vehicles along with introduction of metro is a welcome step towards controlling the air pollution in urban centres.

(iv) Areas around towns, raw material producing areas and of plantations and other commercial crops, hill stations and cantonment towns were well-connected by railways from the British colonial era. These were mostly developed for the exploitation of resources.

(v) After the Independence of the country, railway routes have been extended to other areas too. The most significant development has been the development of Konkan Railway along the western coast providing a direct link between Mumbai and Mangaluru.

(vi) Railway continues to remain the main means of transport for the masses. Railway network is relatively less dense in the hill states, north eastern states, central parts of India and Rajasthan.

Discussion

3081.	Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:“The design and use of building materials of houses vary from one ecological region to another. The houses made up of mud, wood and thatch, remain susceptible to damage during heavy rains and floods, and require proper maintenance every year. Most house designs are typically deficient in proper ventilation. Besides, the design of a house includes the animal shed along with its fodder-store within it. This is purposely done to keep the domestic animals and their food properly protected from wild animals.Unmetalled roads and lack of modern communication network creates a unique problem. During rainy season, the settlements remain cut off and pose serious difficulties in providing emergency services. It is also difficult to provide adequate health and educational infrastructure for their large rural population. The problem is particularly serious where proper villagisation has not taken place and houses are scattered over a large area.” (i) Justify the statement, “The problem is particularly serious where proper villagisation has not taken place and houses are scattered over a large area.”(ii) Find out the values associated with it.
Answer» (i) The problem is particularly serious where houses are scattered over a large area in slums. It can be justified with following points- • Slum dwellers need help in making the transition from inhabitants of precarious urban settlements to citizens with full human rights and civic responsibilities. • This transition will be abetted by adoption of the following principles like fight poverty without fighting the poor and fight squatting, not squatters, through improved capacity in urban physical planning • Recognizing the importance of gender as an explicit consideration in all slum improvement strategies, plans, programs, and activities. Task Force 8 seeks to mobilize the world community by means of feasible action plans focused on a broad urban development vision that will lead to lasting and meaningful improvements in the health and lives of slum dwellers. • The houses made up of mud, wood and thatch, remain susceptible to damage during heavy rains and floods, and require proper maintenance regularly. • Most house designs are typically deficient in proper ventilation. (ii) Hidden values- • Right to equality • Right to safe and clean environment • Right to accessibility to all basic needs • Right to make choices • Decent standard of living

3081.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:“The design and use of building materials of houses vary from one ecological region to another. The houses made up of mud, wood and thatch, remain susceptible to damage during heavy rains and floods, and require proper maintenance every year. Most house designs are typically deficient in proper ventilation. Besides, the design of a house includes the animal shed along with its fodder-store within it. This is purposely done to keep the domestic animals and their food properly protected from wild animals.Unmetalled roads and lack of modern communication network creates a unique problem. During rainy season, the settlements remain cut off and pose serious difficulties in providing emergency services. It is also difficult to provide adequate health and educational infrastructure for their large rural population. The problem is particularly serious where proper villagisation has not taken place and houses are scattered over a large area.” (i) Justify the statement, “The problem is particularly serious where proper villagisation has not taken place and houses are scattered over a large area.”(ii) Find out the values associated with it.

Answer»

(i) The problem is particularly serious where houses are scattered over a large area in slums.

It can be justified with following points-

• Slum dwellers need help in making the transition from inhabitants of precarious urban settlements to citizens with full human rights and civic responsibilities.

• This transition will be abetted by adoption of the following principles like fight poverty without fighting the poor and fight squatting, not squatters, through improved capacity in urban physical planning

• Recognizing the importance of gender as an explicit consideration in all slum improvement strategies, plans, programs, and activities. Task Force 8 seeks to mobilize the world community by means of feasible action plans focused on a broad urban development vision that will lead to lasting and meaningful improvements in the health and lives of slum dwellers.

• The houses made up of mud, wood and thatch, remain susceptible to damage during heavy rains and floods, and require proper maintenance regularly.

• Most house designs are typically deficient in proper ventilation.

(ii) Hidden values-

• Right to equality

• Right to safe and clean environment

• Right to accessibility to all basic needs

• Right to make choices

• Decent standard of living

Discussion

3082.	Describe the major challenges of agriculture in present India.
Answer» The main challenges of Indian Agriculture are as follows: (a) Dependence on erratic Monsoon: Irrigation covers only 33 % of the cultivated areas of India. Crop production in rest of the country depends on rainfall. Poor performance of South west Monsoon adversely affects the supply of water for irrigation. On the other hand drought prone areas are meagre and highly unreliable. When some parts of India there is more rain and cause floods in other parts of the country there is drought. (b) Low productivity: Another major problem of Indian agriculture is low productivity. Because of high pressure on land the productivity from land is very low. the vast rain fed areas, and the dry land which mainly grow coarse grain , pulses and oilseeds have very low yield. Though high yielding variety seeds have been introduced but only 16% of the area is covered under this. (c) Constrain of financial support and indebtedness: The inputs of modern agriculture are very expensive. It has become unmanageable for the small and marginal labourer to arrange the finance and so they avail credit from various institutions and money lenders and fall in the trap of indebtedness. (d) Lack of Land reforms – another major problem of Indian agriculture was lack of implementation of land reforms and so continuation of iniquitous distribution of cultivable land was detrimental to agricultural development. (e) Small farm size: There is large number of marginal and small farmers in the country. More than 60 % of the land holdings are small in size.

3082.

Describe the major challenges of agriculture in present India.

Answer»

The main challenges of Indian Agriculture are as follows:

(a) Dependence on erratic Monsoon:

Irrigation covers only 33 % of the cultivated areas of India. Crop production in rest of the country depends on rainfall. Poor performance of South west Monsoon adversely affects the supply of water for irrigation. On the other hand drought prone areas are meagre and highly unreliable. When some parts of India there is more rain and cause floods in other parts of the country there is drought.

(b) Low productivity:

Another major problem of Indian agriculture is low productivity. Because of high pressure on land the productivity from land is very low. the vast rain fed areas, and the dry land which mainly grow coarse grain , pulses and oilseeds have very low yield. Though high yielding variety seeds have been introduced but only 16% of the area is covered under this.

(c) Constrain of financial support and indebtedness:

The inputs of modern agriculture are very expensive. It has become unmanageable for the small and marginal labourer to arrange the finance and so they avail credit from various institutions and money lenders and fall in the trap of indebtedness.

(d) Lack of Land reforms –

another major problem of Indian agriculture was lack of implementation of land reforms and so continuation of iniquitous distribution of cultivable land was detrimental to agricultural development.

(e) Small farm size:

There is large number of marginal and small farmers in the country. More than 60 % of the land holdings are small in size.

Discussion

3083.	Study the following map and answer the questions that follow:(i) Why do we have good quality river water near the mountains and poor quality in the lower plains?(ii) What can be the role of each individual in controlling water pollution?
Answer» (i) Disposing off industrial effluents and urban waste, faulty agricultural practices in lower plains. (ii) Role of each individual - Spreading awareness Writing articles or letters Organizing rallies or meetings

3083.

Study the following map and answer the questions that follow:(i) Why do we have good quality river water near the mountains and poor quality in the lower plains?(ii) What can be the role of each individual in controlling water pollution?

Answer»

(i) Disposing off industrial effluents and urban waste, faulty agricultural practices in lower plains.

(ii) Role of each individual -

Spreading awareness
Writing articles or letters
Organizing rallies or meetings

Discussion

3084.	Find out the five major problems of agricultural sector in India.
Answer» Problems of Indian Agriculture - I. Dependence on Erratic Monsoon - Irrigation covers only about 33 per cent of the cultivated area in India. The crop production in rest of the cultivated land directly depends on rainfall. Poor performance of south-west Monsoon also adversely affects the supply of canal water for irrigation. Drought is a common phenomenon in the low rainfall areas which may also experience occasional floods. The flash floods in drylands of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan in 2006 are examples of this phenomenon. II. Low productivity- The yield of the crops in the country is low in comparison to the international level. Per hectare output of most of the crops such as rice, wheat, cotton and oilseeds in India is much lower than that of U.S.A., Russia and Japan. Because of the very high pressure on the land resources, the labour productivity in Indian agriculture is also very low in comparison to international level. III. Lack of Land Reforms- Indian peasantry had been exploited for a long time as there had been unequal distribution of land. Among the three revenue systems operational during British period i.e. Mahalwari, Ryotwari and Zamindari, the last one was most exploitative for the peasants. After independence, land reforms were accorded priority, but these reforms were not implemented effectively due to lack of strong political will. IV. Small Farm Size and Fragmentation of Landholdings- There are a large number of marginal and small farmers in the country. More than 60 per cent of the ownership holdings have a size smaller than one (ha). Furthermore, about 40 per cent of the farmers have operational holding size smaller than 0.5 hectare (ha). The average size V. Lack of Commercialisation - A large number of farmers produce crops for self-consumption. These farmers do not have enough land resources to produce more than their requirement. VI. Vast Under- employment There is a massive under-employment in the agricultural sector in India, particularly in the un-irrigated tracts. In these areas, there is a seasonal unemployment ranging from 4 to 8 months. Even in the cropping season work is not available throughout, as agricultural operations are not labour intensive. VII. Degradation of Cultivable Land One of the serious problems that arises out of faulty strategy of irrigation and agricultural development is degradation of land resources. This is serious because it may lead to depletion of soil fertility. The situation is particularly alarming in irrigated areas.

3084.

Find out the five major problems of agricultural sector in India.

Answer»

Problems of Indian Agriculture -

I. Dependence on Erratic Monsoon - Irrigation covers only about 33 per cent of the cultivated area in India. The crop production in rest of the cultivated land directly depends on rainfall. Poor performance of south-west Monsoon also adversely affects the supply of canal water for irrigation. Drought is a common phenomenon in the low rainfall areas which may also experience occasional floods. The flash floods in drylands of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan in 2006 are examples of this phenomenon.

II. Low productivity- The yield of the crops in the country is low in comparison to the international level. Per hectare output of most of the crops such as rice, wheat, cotton and oilseeds in India is much lower than that of U.S.A., Russia and Japan. Because of the very high pressure on the land resources, the labour productivity in Indian agriculture is also very low in comparison to international level.

III. Lack of Land Reforms- Indian peasantry had been exploited for a long time as there had been unequal distribution of land. Among the three revenue systems operational during British period i.e. Mahalwari, Ryotwari and Zamindari, the last one was most exploitative for the peasants. After independence, land reforms were accorded priority, but these reforms were not implemented effectively due to lack of strong political will.

IV. Small Farm Size and Fragmentation of Landholdings- There are a large number of marginal and small farmers in the country. More than 60 per cent of the ownership holdings have a size smaller than one (ha). Furthermore, about 40 per cent of the farmers have operational holding size smaller than 0.5 hectare (ha). The average size

V. Lack of Commercialisation - A large number of farmers produce crops for self-consumption. These farmers do not have enough land resources to produce more than their requirement.

VI. Vast Under- employment There is a massive under-employment in the agricultural sector in India, particularly in the un-irrigated tracts. In these areas, there is a seasonal unemployment ranging from 4 to 8 months. Even in the cropping season work is not available throughout, as agricultural operations are not labour intensive.

VII. Degradation of Cultivable Land One of the serious problems that arises out of faulty strategy of irrigation and agricultural development is degradation of land resources. This is serious because it may lead to depletion of soil fertility. The situation is particularly alarming in irrigated areas.

Discussion

3085.	Study the diagram given below and answer the questions:(a) Name this trans-continental railway line? (b) Which two oceans are connected by this trans-continental railway? (c) How has this railway line helped in the economic development of this region?
Answer» (a) This is Trans-Siberian railway line. (b) Pacific Ocean in East and Atlantic Ocean in West (c) It is the most important route in Asia and the longest (9,332 km) double-tracked and electrified trans–continental railway in the world. It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets. It runs across the Ural Mountains Ob and Yenisei river Chita is an important agro-centre and Irkutsk, a fur centre.

3085.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions:(a) Name this trans-continental railway line? (b) Which two oceans are connected by this trans-continental railway? (c) How has this railway line helped in the economic development of this region?

Answer»

(a) This is Trans-Siberian railway line.

(b) Pacific Ocean in East and Atlantic Ocean in West

(c) It is the most important route in Asia and the longest (9,332 km) double-tracked and electrified trans–continental railway in the world. It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets. It runs across the Ural Mountains Ob and Yenisei river Chita is an important agro-centre and Irkutsk, a fur centre.

Discussion

3086.	Why is petroleum referred to as liquid gold? State two important uses of petroleum and name two oil fields each in Assam and Gujarat.
Answer» Petroleum is referred to as liquid gold because of its scarcity and diversified uses. It is an essential source of energy for all internal combustion engines in automobiles, railways and aircraft. Its numerous by-products are processed in petrochemical industries such as fertilizer, synthetic rubber, synthetic fibre, medicines, Vaseline, lubricants, wax, soap and cosmetics. In Assam, Digboi,Naharkatiya and Moran are important oil producing areas The major oil fields of Gujarat are Ankaleshwar, Kalol, Mehsana, Nawagam, Kosamba

3086.

Why is petroleum referred to as liquid gold? State two important uses of petroleum and name two oil fields each in Assam and Gujarat.

Answer»

Petroleum is referred to as liquid gold because of its scarcity and diversified uses.

It is an essential source of energy for all internal combustion engines in automobiles, railways and aircraft. Its numerous by-products are processed in petrochemical industries such as fertilizer, synthetic rubber, synthetic fibre, medicines, Vaseline, lubricants, wax, soap and cosmetics. In Assam, Digboi,Naharkatiya and Moran are important oil producing areas

The major oil fields of Gujarat are Ankaleshwar, Kalol, Mehsana, Nawagam, Kosamba

Discussion

3087.	“Nomadic herding and Commercial Livestock Rearing are the two types of animal rearing.” Define them and give their important features.
Answer» Nomadic herding or pastoral nomadism is a primitive subsistence activity, in which the herders rely on animals for food, clothing, shelter, tools and transport. Main Features - • They move from one place to another along with their livestock, depending on the amount and quality of pastures and water. • Each nomadic community occupies a well-identified territory as a matter of tradition. A wide variety of animals is kept in different regions. In tropical Africa, cattle are the most important livestock, while in Sahara and Asiatic deserts, sheep, goats and camel are reared. • In the mountainous areas of Tibet and Andes, yak and llamas and in the Arctic and sub Arctic areas, reindeer are the most important animals. • Movement in search of pastures is undertaken either over vast horizontal distances or vertically from one elevation to another in the mountainous regions. The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during winters is known as transhumance. • In mountain regions, such as Himalayas, Gujjars, Bakarwals, Gaddis and Bhotiyas migrate from plains to the mountains in summers and to the plains from the high altitude pastures in winters. Similarly, in the tundra regions, the nomadic herders move from south to north in summers and from north to south in winters. Commercial Livestock Rearing is more organised and capital intensive. Commercial livestock ranching is essentially associated with western cultures and is practised on permanent ranches. Main Features- • These ranches cover large areas and are divided into a number of parcels, which are fenced to regulate the grazing. When the grass of one parcel is grazed, animals are moved to another parcel. • The number of animals in a pasture is kept according to the carrying capacity of the pasture. This is a specialised activity in which only one type of animal is reared. Important animals include sheep, cattle, goats and horses. • Products such as meat, wool, hides and skin are processed and packed scientifically and exported to different world markets. • Rearing of animals in ranching is organised on a scientific basis. The main emphasis is on breeding, genetic improvement, disease control and health care of the animals. • New Zealand, Australia, Argentina, Uruguay and United States of America are important countries where commercial livestock rearing is practiced.

3087.

“Nomadic herding and Commercial Livestock Rearing are the two types of animal rearing.” Define them and give their important features.

Answer»

Nomadic herding or pastoral nomadism is a primitive subsistence activity, in which the herders rely on animals for food, clothing, shelter, tools and transport.

Main Features -

• They move from one place to another along with their livestock, depending on the amount and quality of pastures and water.

• Each nomadic community occupies a well-identified territory as a matter of tradition. A wide variety of animals is kept in different regions. In tropical Africa, cattle are the most important livestock, while in Sahara and Asiatic deserts, sheep, goats and camel are reared.

• In the mountainous areas of Tibet and Andes, yak and llamas and in the Arctic and sub Arctic areas, reindeer are the most important animals.

• Movement in search of pastures is undertaken either over vast horizontal distances or vertically from one elevation to another in the mountainous regions. The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during winters is known as transhumance.

• In mountain regions, such as Himalayas, Gujjars, Bakarwals, Gaddis and Bhotiyas migrate from plains to the mountains in summers and to the plains from the high altitude pastures in winters. Similarly, in the tundra regions, the nomadic herders move from south to north in summers and from north to south in winters.

Commercial Livestock Rearing is more organised and capital intensive. Commercial livestock ranching is essentially associated with western cultures and is practised on permanent ranches.

Main Features-

• These ranches cover large areas and are divided into a number of parcels, which are fenced to regulate the grazing. When the grass of one parcel is grazed, animals are moved to another parcel.

• The number of animals in a pasture is kept according to the carrying capacity of the pasture. This is a specialised activity in which only one type of animal is reared. Important animals include sheep, cattle, goats and horses.

• Products such as meat, wool, hides and skin are processed and packed scientifically and exported to different world markets.

• Rearing of animals in ranching is organised on a scientific basis. The main emphasis is on breeding, genetic improvement, disease control and health care of the animals.

• New Zealand, Australia, Argentina, Uruguay and United States of America are important countries where commercial livestock rearing is practiced.

Discussion

3088.	Explain any five bases of international trade.
Answer» Difference in national resources National resources are unevenly distributed because of differences ingeology, relief, soil and climate Geology determines the mineral resource base and topographicaldifferences ensure diversity of crops and animals raised Climate influences the type of flora and fauna in a given region Population factors Distinctive forms of art and craft develop in certain cultures which are valued world over, Ex. porcelains from china, carpets of Iran Densely populated countries have large volume of internal trade but littleexternal trade Standard of living of the population determines the demand for betterquality imported products Stage of economic development Stage of economic development influence the nature of items traded In agriculturally important countries agro products are exchanged for manufactured goodsIndustrialized nations export machinery and finished products and importfood grains and other raw materials Extent of foreign investment It boost trade in developing countries which lack in capital They develop capital intensive industries like mining, oil drilling, plantation agriculture etcThe industrial nations ensure import of food stuffs and minerals andcreate markets for their finished products Transport Expansion of rail, ocean and air transport, better means of refrigerationand preservation trade has experienced spatial expansion

3088.

Explain any five bases of international trade.

Answer»

Difference in national resources

National resources are unevenly distributed because of differences ingeology, relief, soil and climate Geology determines the mineral resource base and topographicaldifferences ensure diversity of crops and animals raised Climate influences the type of flora and fauna in a given region

Population factors

Distinctive forms of art and craft develop in certain cultures which are valued world over, Ex. porcelains from china, carpets of Iran Densely populated countries have large volume of internal trade but littleexternal trade Standard of living of the population determines the demand for betterquality imported products

Stage of economic development

Stage of economic development influence the nature of items traded In agriculturally important countries agro products are exchanged for manufactured goodsIndustrialized nations export machinery and finished products and importfood grains and other raw materials

Extent of foreign investment

It boost trade in developing countries which lack in capital They develop capital intensive industries like mining, oil drilling, plantation agriculture etcThe industrial nations ensure import of food stuffs and minerals andcreate markets for their finished products

Transport

Expansion of rail, ocean and air transport, better means of refrigerationand preservation trade has experienced spatial expansion

Discussion

3089.	Analyse any three major factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi govt. in the early 1990s.
Answer» Three major factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi govt. in the early 1990s : 1. Garibi hatao program of Gandhi 2. Land to landless labourers 3. Support to dalits , adivasis, minorities and women

3089.

Analyse any three major factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi govt. in the early 1990s.

Answer»

Three major factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi govt. in the early 1990s :

1. Garibi hatao program of Gandhi

2. Land to landless labourers

3. Support to dalits , adivasis, minorities and women

Discussion

3090.	Suggest the measures of promotion of sustainability in Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area.
Answer» 1. Strict implementation of water management policy protectiveirrigation in stage 1 and extensive irrigation of crops and pastures in stage II 2. The cropping pattern shall not include water intensive crops 3. Reduce conveyance loss of water 4. Reclaim the areas affected by water logging and soil salinity 5. Eco development through afforestation, shelter belt plantation and pasture development 6. Land allottees to be provided adequate financial and institutional support for cultivation of land 7. The agriculture and allied activities have to develop along with other sectors of the economy

3090.

Suggest the measures of promotion of sustainability in Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area.

Answer»

1. Strict implementation of water management policy protectiveirrigation in stage 1 and extensive irrigation of crops and pastures in stage II

2. The cropping pattern shall not include water intensive crops

3. Reduce conveyance loss of water

4. Reclaim the areas affected by water logging and soil salinity

5. Eco development through afforestation, shelter belt plantation and pasture development

6. Land allottees to be provided adequate financial and institutional support for cultivation of land

7. The agriculture and allied activities have to develop along with other sectors of the economy

Discussion

3091.	Which one of the following does not follow Monoculture? (a) Commercial Grain Farming (b) Plantation Agriculture (c) Mixed Farming (d) Dairy Farming
Answer» Correct option (c) Mixed Farming

3091.

Which one of the following does not follow Monoculture? (a) Commercial Grain Farming (b) Plantation Agriculture (c) Mixed Farming (d) Dairy Farming

Answer»

Correct option (c) Mixed Farming

Discussion

3092.	Which one of the following types of cultivation was developed by European colonists? (a) Kolkhoz (b) Mixed Farming (c) Viticulture (d) Plantation
Answer» Correct option (a) Kolkhoz

3092.

Which one of the following types of cultivation was developed by European colonists? (a) Kolkhoz (b) Mixed Farming (c) Viticulture (d) Plantation

Answer»

Correct option (a) Kolkhoz

Discussion

3093.	Which one of the following is not a Plantation Crop? (a) Coffee (b) Sugarcane(c) Wheat (d) Rubber
Answer» Correct option (c) Wheat

3093.

Which one of the following is not a Plantation Crop? (a) Coffee (b) Sugarcane(c) Wheat (d) Rubber

Answer»

Correct option (c) Wheat

Discussion

3094.	Which one of the following best describes Development? (a) An increase in size (b) A constant in size (c) A positive change in quality (d) A simple change in quality
Answer» Correct option (c) A positive change in quality

Discussion

3095.	Which one of the following is not a Push factor? (a) Water Shortage (b) Medical/Educational facilities (c) Unemployment (d) Epidemics
Answer» Correct option (b) Medical/Educational facilities

Discussion

3096.	Palli and nagla belong to which one of the following rural settlementsa. (a) Clustered (b) Semi-clustered (c) Hamleted (d) Dispersed or isolated.
Answer» Correct option (c) Hamleted

Discussion

3097.	Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow:And then from different parts of the room other manipulators began to report. Every plagued one of those five Ouija boards was calling me by name! I felt my ears grow crimson, purple, maroon.(a) Who were the other manipulators? (b) Of which ‘room’ is the narrator talking about? (c) Find the antonym of ‘same’ in the passage.
Answer» (a) Besides Miss Laura Hinkle, there were four other pairs of ladies who were manipulating Ouija boards. (b) The narrator is describing Lavinia’s room downstairs in his house. (c) different

3097.

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow:And then from different parts of the room other manipulators began to report. Every plagued one of those five Ouija boards was calling me by name! I felt my ears grow crimson, purple, maroon.(a) Who were the other manipulators? (b) Of which ‘room’ is the narrator talking about? (c) Find the antonym of ‘same’ in the passage.

Answer»

(a) Besides Miss Laura Hinkle, there were four other pairs of ladies who were manipulating Ouija boards.

(b) The narrator is describing Lavinia’s room downstairs in his house.

(c) different

Discussion

3098.	How is dialysis carried out? Mention one application for it.
Answer» Dialysis is done by removing the excess of electrolyte from the colloidal solution, leaving behind a small amount of the electrolyte which accounts for its stability. Application: In case of kidney failure, harmful substances are removed from blood by dialysis

3098.

How is dialysis carried out? Mention one application for it.

Answer»

Dialysis is done by removing the excess of electrolyte from the colloidal solution, leaving behind a small amount of the electrolyte which accounts for its stability.

Application: In case of kidney failure, harmful substances are removed from blood by dialysis

Discussion

3099.	Bring out the irony in the title – The Financial Expert.
Answer» Expert money lender in the initial phase of his career – made a modest living – lacks insight and fails to retain his financial position – doesn’t realize monitory basics – becomes rich but lacks the knack of investing wealth – though careful, fails to control and check doctor Pal’s dishonesty – ironical that it is his financial inexpertise that leads to his downfall.

Discussion

3100.	Which incident made it impossible for Margayya to resume his old career?
Answer» Balu his spoilt and only child throws account books into gutter in a fit of anger – all transaction entries with clients destroyed

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

"Sustainability of development is a crisis for scientists, economist, philosophers and social scientists." justify

How does the author describe freedom in the chapter the "Long Walk to Freedom".

Which one of the following is the largest linguistic group of India? (a) Sino – Tibetan (b) Indo – Aryan (c) Austric (d) Dravidian

Which one of the following periods had witnessed rapid growth of population. (a) Before 1921 (b) 1921 - 1951 (c) 1951 – 1981 (d) After 1981

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Identify the country with the highest sex ratio in the world (a) Latvia (b) United Arab Emirates (c) Japan (d) France

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Which one of the following figures represents the working age group of the population? (a) 15 to 65 years (b) 15 to 64 years (c) 15 to 66 years (d) 15 to 59 years

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How does Reserve Bank of India play crucial role in controlling the formal sector loans? Explain.

Name any one national waterway of India.

“India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirement”. Support this statement with three arguments.

Explain any five steps taken by the government of India to promote international trade.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow.(i) Name the transport line shown in the map. (ii) Name two ocean/sea coasts which are being connected by this transport line. (iii) Give any point of significance of this transport line.

When was Bharmaur region of Himachal Pradesh notified as a tribal area? Discuss any four characteristics of this region.

“Mediterranean Agriculture is highly specialised commercial agriculture.” Discuss the statement by giving suitable arguments.

Mention any two sources of water pollution by human beings in India.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions:(a) Identify the canal shown in the map.(b) Name the two water bodies joined by the canal.(c) What is the importance of this canal.

Which socio-economic benefits are being observed by implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP) in Bharmaur?

Study the map given below and answer the questions that follow:(i) Which economic activity is revealed in the shaded portion?(ii) What are the products of primary activity in these regions?(iii) Name any one region where it is best developed.

Discuss the five factors which favoured the concentration of Iron and Steel industry in the Chhotanagpur region (comprising parts of Chhattisgarh, northern Odisha, Jharkhand and western West Bengal) in India.

Describe the achievements and contribution of Indian railways in the economy.

Describe the major challenges of agriculture in present India.

Study the following map and answer the questions that follow:(i) Why do we have good quality river water near the mountains and poor quality in the lower plains?(ii) What can be the role of each individual in controlling water pollution?

Find out the five major problems of agricultural sector in India.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions:(a) Name this trans-continental railway line? (b) Which two oceans are connected by this trans-continental railway? (c) How has this railway line helped in the economic development of this region?

Why is petroleum referred to as liquid gold? State two important uses of petroleum and name two oil fields each in Assam and Gujarat.

“Nomadic herding and Commercial Livestock Rearing are the two types of animal rearing.” Define them and give their important features.

Explain any five bases of international trade.

Analyse any three major factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi govt. in the early 1990s.

Suggest the measures of promotion of sustainability in Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area.

Which one of the following does not follow Monoculture? (a) Commercial Grain Farming (b) Plantation Agriculture (c) Mixed Farming (d) Dairy Farming

Which one of the following types of cultivation was developed by European colonists? (a) Kolkhoz (b) Mixed Farming (c) Viticulture (d) Plantation

Which one of the following is not a Plantation Crop? (a) Coffee (b) Sugarcane(c) Wheat (d) Rubber

Which one of the following best describes Development? (a) An increase in size (b) A constant in size (c) A positive change in quality (d) A simple change in quality

Which one of the following is not a Push factor? (a) Water Shortage (b) Medical/Educational facilities (c) Unemployment (d) Epidemics

Palli and nagla belong to which one of the following rural settlementsa. (a) Clustered (b) Semi-clustered (c) Hamleted (d) Dispersed or isolated.

How is dialysis carried out? Mention one application for it.

Bring out the irony in the title – The Financial Expert.

Which incident made it impossible for Margayya to resume his old career?