Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

(i) Primary, Foreign

(ii) Salespersons cannot be set as the primary key in the table Orders because table Orders has already primary key and one table cannot have more than one primary key column.

Advantage of e-Governance Governance is made transparent, that is most of the information is available to public.

Debit what come in Credit what goes out rule for Real a/c

Debit the receiver credit the giver rule for Personal a/c

c) Accounting principles

b) Certain facts and figures

Dividend for the share holders are Tax-free amount.

Company Premium on issue of debenture is Capital receipt.

b) Going concern

c) Balance Sheet

c) Entity Concept 

Relaxation/ trust/ discipline/ criticism/freedom

Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal

1. Both field are opposite and equal at point p.

2. Both charges are opposite sing but Not be equal or equal because it depends on point p is at centre or not.

The correct option is (b) 0.025 V.

Explanation:

Least count = gap between two marks (range)/ number of division

= (0.5 - 0)v/20

= 0.5/20

= 0.025 V

The potential difference is the work done in transferring a unit positive charge from one point to other point. In SI system, the unit of the potential difference is volt (symbol 'V').

(i) Two resistors are in parallel combination.

(ii) Current through

(b) 
(i) Current through 10 Ω resistor,

\(I_1 = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{3}{10} = 0.3 A\)

(ii) Current through 15 Ω resistor, 

\(I_2 = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{3}{15} = 0.2 A\)

(iii) Ammeter reading = Total current flowing through the circuit = 03 + 0.2 = 0.5 A

Alloys are used in electrical heating devices rather than pure metals because the resistivity of an alloy is more than the resistivity of a pure metal. Moreover alloy does not burn (or oxidize) easily even at higher temperature.

(c) Both transverse and longitudinal 

(d) Sinking of a ship in sea

(1)Hormone ‘X’ is Luteinising Hormone (LH).
Hormone ‘Y’ is Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH).

(2) (a) Follicular phase (proliferative phase)
(b) Ovulatory phase (release of ovum).
(c) Luteal phase

(3) (a) FSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary, which stimulates the ovarian follicle to secrete oestrogen, which in turn stimulates the proliferation of the endometrium of the uterine wall.
(b) Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14h day). Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle is called LH surge which induces the rupture of Graafian follicle’and thereby the release of an ovum (ovulation).
(c) The remaining cells of ovarian follicles are further stimulated by the LH to develop corpus luteum which secretes large amount of progesterone, a hormone essential for the maintenance of an endometrium.

Poor people have to go through various human sufferings. No body would like to live in poverty. 

For the following reasons we can say that poverty is a curse up on humanity: 

(i) It leads to hunger and lack of shelter. They live in unhygienic conditions and invite host of diseases. 

(ii) They lack in medical facilities and die of diseases in want of timely and proper treatment. Poor people are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost all places. Each time they are left with scars on their spirit of self-respect. 

(iii) They live with the sense of helplessness. Poor parents are not able to send their children to school. This leaves them unawakened and unaware. 

(iv) Poor parents are not able to send their children to school. This leaves them unaware about the opportunities in life.

(v) The children of poor people have to earn their livelihood, even then they are not able to get their two square meals.

1. Political parties are the most crucial aspects determining the outcomes of democracy. Therefore, they are often subjected to popular criticism. There are four major areas where the parties face challenges -

2. Lack of Internal democracy - Power often concentrates in the hands of one or few leaders at the top of a party. Since parties are not usually involved in keeping track of regular activities, ordinary citizens who are members of the party, do not get much information of what is actually happening. They do not have any means to influence the decision-making process. The issue of personal loyalty to the leader is a major problem which arises due to the dominance of few leaders.

3. Dynastic succession - There are very few ways for an ordinary citizen from a party to rise to the top because parties usually do not practice open and transparent procedures in their functioning. Moreover, the top positions in many parties are controlled by members of one family who tend to favour people close to them or their family members in giving positions of power. This tendency is harmful to the functioning of parties as well as the democracy.

4. The role of money and muscle power - Since the main aim of the parties is to win elections, they often use short-cuts in doing so. For example - they nominate candidates who have or can raise lots of money or they may support criminals who can easily win the elections. In addition, the growing role of the rich and powerful companies within politics tends to influence the policies and decisions of the party.

 5. Lack of meaningful choices - The decline in the ideological difference between parties in recent times does not offer a meaningful choice to the voters as there is not much difference in the policies and programmes of the various political parties. For example - In India, the differences among all major parties on the economic policies have reduced and people who want some really different policymakers are hardly left with any choice. Also, sometimes it is not possible to elect a different leader as the same leaders keep shifting from one party to another.

1. (a) inflation 

2. (a) embedded 

3. (a) sluggish 

4. (c) disappointment

1. Pakistan has lost the ability to fight a conventional war with India. Hence, it is engaging India in a proxy war by aiding and abetting terrorists. 

2. Sharif’s trip to New Delhi to attend Modi’s swearing-in-ceremony generated a hope that the relations between India and Pakistan would improve in future. The continued ceasefire violations have belied all such expectations.

3. The Pakistani security establishment is using the recent protests led by Imran Khan and Qadri to strengthen its position. It wants to give a clear message to the government that it retains a veto on key issues. 

4. Modi has already shown a capacity to innovate and surprise in such complex matters. He can adopt the right strategy to deal with Pakistan in the changed circumstances.

1. (a) conventional 

2. (b) response 

3. (c) hawks 

4. (b) innovation

1. India has never invaded any country in her long history as it has her unwritten statement. It has always been a ‘giver’ and not a ‘taker’. 

2. The ‘Gayatri Mantra’ doesn’t invoke God for small individual gains. It is a genuine cry for righteousness and well-being of mankind. 

3. The prayer “Annadata Shukhbava” is a wish for happiness. It covers the entire food chain from the farmer to the miller, from the trader to the cook and the waitress. 

4. The last word of the Rig Veda is the ultimate essence of unity at both the physical as well as the levels of thoughts, feelings and consciousness. It invokes progressing together.

1. Modi’s maiden speech delivered on the Independence Day echoes the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi. Modi declares that he is not the Prime Minister but the first servant of the people. Gandhiji was the one who said, “President means Chief Servant”. 

2. The keyword in democracy is the ‘service’ of the people. ‘Seva’ or ‘Service’ of the people is an integral part of a democratic system. Leaders are there not to rule over the people but to serve them. 

3. Humility is perhaps among the most difficult virtues to be cultivated or acquired by human beings. They are always busy in the satiation of their individual wants and desires.

4. Dada J P Vaswani defines humility as an attitude which allows for others’ greatness. It helps people to discover their best potential by helping them to transform themselves.

1. (b) dialects 

2. (b) persecution 

3. (c) segregation 

4. (a) as already decided by fate

The term Demography is of Greek origin and is composed of two words demos meaning people and graphien implying describe.

The sanskritisation is a gendered process :

Upper caste practices like purdah system, low age of marriage. Dowry in place of bride price is regressive as far as women are concerned

The emergence of backward castes/classes as political entities has occurred both in the colonial and post-colonial contexts. The colonial state often distributed patronage on the basis of caste. It made sense, therefore, for people to stay within their caste for social and political identity in institutional life. It also influenced similarly placed caste groups to unite themselves and to form what has been termed a ‘horizontal stretch’. Caste, thus began to lose its ritual content and become more and more secularised for political mobilisation. 

• For the scheduled castes and tribes, caste has become all too visible because they have no inherited educational and social capital, and because they must compete with an already entrenched upper caste group, they cannot afford to abandon their caste identity for it is one of the few collective assets they have. 
• Moreover, they continue to suffer from discrimination of various kinds. The policies of reservation and other forms of protective discrimination instituted by the state in response to political pressure serve as their lifelines.

Orthodox members of the Hindu community in Bengal formed an organisation called Dharma Sabha and petitioned the British arguing that reformers had no right to interpret sacred texts. 

• M.N.Srinivas defines westernization as ‘the changes brought about in Indian society and culture as a result of over 150 years of British rule, the term subsuming changes occurring at different levels…technology, institutions, ideology and values.’
• There were different kinds of westernization- 
• One kind refers to the emergence of a westernized sub-cultural pattern through a minority section of Indians who first came in contact with the western culture. This included the subculture of Indian intellectuals who not only adopted many cognitive patterns or ways of thinking but also styles of life and supported its expansion. 
• There has been a general spread of western cultural traits such as the use of new technology, dress, food and changes in general. 
• Westernization does involve the imitation of external forms of culture. It does not necessarily mean that people adopt modern values of democracy and equality. Apart from western ways of life and thinking, the west influenced Indian art and literature.

b. To avoid the growth of microorganisms 

Washing machine/mixer/grinder/chopper/ any other (anyone) is an example of labor-saving device.

Type casting is a directors’ best insurance for a good production.

Space/Stage is the audience and the performers interact.

(a) The information is acquired at the end of the dendrite tip of a nerve cell.

(b) The information travels as an electrical impulse from the dendrite to the body and then along the axon to its end.

Brain and spinal cord are the parts of central nervous system. Brain is located inside a bony box, named as cranium and a fluid is present in this balloon, known as cerebrospinal fluid which is a shock absorber. 

Spinal cord is placed in a vertebral column and back bone protects it.

(i) Neuron is the largest cell present in the human body.
(ii) The endocrine glands are as follow:
(a) Pineal gland
(b) Pituitary gland
(c) Thyroid gland
(d) Thymus

P = 100W = 0.1 W
t = 3 h
Energy consumed by 100 W bulb per day = 0.1×3 = 0.3 kWh
Energy consumed per day by four 60 W bulbs = 0.06×4×2 = 0.48 kWh
Total Energy consumed in a month of 30 days = (0.3 + 0.48) kWh × 30
= 0.78 × 30
= 23.40 units

Vegetative propagation is a process in which any vegetative part of a plant (root, stem or leaf) gives rise to a new plant under appropriate conditions. 

Two advantages: 

(i) Large number of plants obtained in a short interval. 

(ii) Propagation of seedless plants is made possible.

 
Two disadvantages: 

(i) No genetic variations, so, less adaptability to the environment. 

(ii) The disease of plants gets transferred to the offsprings.

Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) and Indian Remote Sensing Satellite System(IRS)

Apply first law of thermodynamics.

Heat added = increase in internal energy + external work done by the system

∴ dQ = du+dw

Specific heats of gases are expressed as molar specific heats which are constant pressure Cp and constant volume Cv.

From enthalpy, H = u + Pv

Relationship between specific heats for ideal gases

be written as H = u + Pv

dh = du + d(RT)

Cpdt = Cvdt + Rdt

Cp = Cv + R or R = Cp - Cv

where R is gas constant

Fungi: They form thick-walled spores which help them survive in unfavourable conditions. On availability of suitable environment, these germinate. 

Zooplankton: Under unfavourable conditions, these species in lakes and ponds enter diapause, a stage of suspended development. 

Bears: In extreme low temperatures, they escape winter time, i.e., they hibernate.