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Ground Wave Propagation: Ground wave propagation is one in which electromagnetic waves glide on the surface of earth between two antennas on the ground. 

Nuclear density is independent of mass number, so ratio  of nuclear densities is 1 : 1.

The angle i and refractive index μ = tani

X-rays is the electromagnetic waves that are widely used as a diagnostic tool in medicine.

Displacement current

Power of a lens increases if red light is replaced by violet light because P = 1/f = (ang - 1)(1/R₁ - 1/R₂), and refractive index is maximum for violet light in visible region of spectrum.

Measures to reduce environmental pollution 

(i) Use of renewable energy resources. 

(ii) Use of television and other instrument at low pitch. 

(iii) Minimum use of fossil fuel. 

(iv) No tobacco smoking. 

(v) Planting more trees.  

Dietary Consideration for Mrs. Sharma: 

i. She should consume frequent small meals. 

ii. She should include more Protein energy and Vitamin C in her diet. 

iii. She should avoid oily and spicy fried as it may cause indigestion to infant. 

iv. She should include fruits and milk in her diet. So that she can get Vitamin C and Calcium in appropriate amount.

Points to be considered while introducing weaning to 6 months old child: 

i. Introduce one food at a time. 

ii. Do not force the child to eat. 

iii. Strat with liquid diet such as dal water, rice water. 

iv. Start with one or two teaspoon. 

v. Gradually change the consistency of food.

Real Income: is the flow of goods and services that is available for certain period of time to meet the needs of the family. It is of two types. 

Direct Real Income: is income which is received by members of the family without using money. Example are use of family assets, use of community facilities, skill of family members. 

Indirect Real Income: Income which is generated by the family members with some medium of exchange, usually money is involved. Examples are: 

i. Goods & services by paying money 

ii. Fringe benefit 

iii. Barter system 

Increasing Direct Real Income:

 i. Using skill of family members such as stitching of clothes, gardening, making pickles etc. 

ii. Study home and not taking tuitions. 

iii. Taking home made tiffin 

iv. Using carpool & public transport 

Increasing Indirect Real Income: 

i. Hire maid for services. 

ii. Buying labor saving devices. 

iii. Company’s accommodation. 

iv. Reimbursement of bills 

Good morning, respected Principal, teachers and my dear friends! Today I, Rishabh, take this opportunity to speak about a common problem of traffic jams on Delhi roads during rainy days. 

There is hardly anyone who has not experienced traffic snarls due to water-logging. Every year Delhi and Gurgaon brace up to crawl under massive traffic jams after fresh spell of showers in the national capital. Heavy downpour leads to water-logging with motorists stuck on roads. Commuters have a harrowing time as vehicular traffic crawls on roads. The commuters have to be patient and maintain lane discipline. In such a situation people are prone to frustration and road rage. 

Water-logging is the result of already clogged sewerage system which cannot take the additional water of the rain. It is the duty of the municipal corporation to clean drains ahead of time so that things do not come to such a pass. Yet the same sorry state of affairs is repeated year after year. As residents it is our duty to remind the authorities about this problem. 

Thank you

Importance of Hobbies 

By Reena 

A hobby is a regular non-occupational activity done during leisure time for relaxation and pleasure. Hobbies are a kind of pastime for really busy and active people. People whose days are packed with work and thought need some respite. They seek a kind of engagement that they love to indulge in. This gives them mental and physical holiday. At the same time it satisfies their passion. 

Hobbies can be of any kind such as stamp collection, coin collection, and collection of vintage goods, collection of portraits of world’s firsts and even butterfly collection! Hobbies sometimes become highly engrossing activities. They sometimes reveals aspects of a great personality that one can’t imagine. For example, Churchill, the man who led England to victory in the World War-II was also a keen painter. 

The work-a-day world is generally drab and colorless. Human mind and senses become dull in its monotony. Naturally it seeks an outlet. Winning or losing is immaterial while pursuing a hobby. The pleasure is in the process of engagement in the hobby.

Thus hobbies are healthy and contribute a lot to the building of one’s personality. They ought to be encouraged. Hobbies boost the mind and thinking faculty and are great stress busters.

Mental retardation and degeneration of reproductive organs indicates the consumption of Metanil yellow.

The Correct option is b. NaCl

Group I – Cereals , roots and tubers Rice, potato, wheat- rich in carbohydrate 

Group II- Pulses , nuts and oilseeds Rajma, peanuts- rich in protein. 

Group III- milk, meat and their products Paneer, eggs- rich in good quality protein, calcium 

Group IV- Fruits and vegetables Spinach, oranges, bottle guard, apple- good source of vitamins and minerals 

Group V- Fats and oils, sugar, etc. Refined oil, butter- calorie rich 

Features of RDA: 

i. Given in Kilocalories, gram, milligram and microgram 

ii. Calorie requirement of adult man and woman are given on the basis of physical activity. 

iii. Recommendations for vitamin B1, B2 and Niacin are based on calorie requirement of a person. 

iv. Requirement of protein is given as per Kilogram body weight. 

v. Requirement of protein and calorie during pregnancy and lactation is given as additional allowances. 

vi. Recommended allowances of Vitamin A is given in the form of Retinol or B (beta) carotene. 

As per the latest RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) the amount of protein required by a 14 year old adolescent girl is 52 grams per day.

ARGEMONE SEEDS 

It shows the age: 10 years

Balanced Diet in a diet which contain all the nutrients in appropriate amount required by the body.

It is important to sterilize dustbin to kill pathogens and microorganisms which may grow in it. 

Expansion of ICMR Indian Council of Medical Research.

R D A is Recommended Dietary Allowances given by ICMR which indicates daily requirement of nutrients which should be taken by an individual in his daily diet according to his age and occupation to remain healthy. 

Piping should always be cut on a true bias to have Maximum stretch. 

Expansion of RDA Recommended Dietary Allowances. 

Doing, two or more activities together at the same time. 

Benefits of savings are -: 

a.  Helps to raise the standard of living 

b.  For future secure

c.  To meet unforeseen expenses

d.  Provide old age security 

Importance of keeping household records: 

1. Helps to know exact amount of the money available to the family. 

2. Avoid wasteful expenditures. 

3. Serves as a guide for current and future expenses. 

4. Help avoid being overcharged. 

5. Helps to ensure that money lasts throughout the month.

(i) Horizontal lines makes the area appear larger. 

(ii) Puffed sleeves give the impact of fullness. 

(iii) Big prints or embroidery on the sleeves

 Factors affecting the safety of food at home are: 

1. Kitchen hygiene 

2. Personal hygiene 

3. Hygienic practices while cooking and serving food

 It is important to sterilize dustbin to kill pathogens and microorganisms which may grow in it. 

Method of water purification – 

Reverse osmosis

Mechanical pressure is applied to an impure solution to force pure water through a semi permeable membrane. 

Advantages – 

(i) It kills all the microorganisms 

Limitation 

(i) Water wastage is there 

Deposits with the banks are beneficial to the depositors as well as to the nation.

Benefits to the Depositors

• Banks accepts the deposits and pay interest to the depositor.
• People’s money is safe with the banks.
• People can withdraw the money as and when they require.

Benefits to the Nation

• Banks use money of the depositor to afford loans.
• There is a huge demand for loans for various economic activities.
• Banks mediate between those who have surplus funds and those who are in need of these funds. Thus it helps in the economic development of the nation.

Minerals generally occur in these forms:

• Igneous and metamorphic rocks: Minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins or lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid, molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise.
  Example: Metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead, etc., are obtained from the veins and lodes.
• In sedimentary rocks: A number of minerals occur in beds or layers. They have been formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal strata. Coal and some forms of iron ore and sedimentary minerals include gypsum, potash salt and sodium salt.
• Another mode of formation involves the decomposition of surface rocks, and the removal of soluble constituents, leaving a residual mass of weathered material containing ores. Bauxite is formed in this way.
• Certain minerals may occur as alluvial deposits in the sands of valley floors and the base of hills. These deposits are called ‘placer deposits’ and generally contain minerals which are not corroded by water. Example: Gold, silver, tin and platinum are most important among such minerals.
• The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals, but most of these are too widely diffused to be of economic significance.
  Example: Common salt, magnesium and bromine are largely derived from the ocean waters. The ocean beds, too, are rich in manganese nodules.

No democracy can function in absence of socially
responsible and informed citizens. An ordinary citizens can play the following role in deepening democracy

(i) Citizens must learn to tolerate differences and views of all others who disagree with them. Citizens must accept the principle of mutual tolerance and dissent.

(ii) Citizens must act with the sense of discipline and responsibility. They have a right to express their dissent. They must express their grievance through channels provided by the democratic system.

(iii) Citizens must participate and seek to influence the public opinion. This, can happen only when they are well informed on civic matters.

(iv) Citizens must exercise their right to vote. This provides a direction to the whole democratic process.

Conservation of water resources is essential in India due to following reasons:

(1) Since the amount of water available in the Earth is very low.If it is not conserved or managed it may lead to depletion causing water problems to the future generations.

(2) Water conservation is necessary for the survival of humans n other species.

(3) The total composition of water on earth is almost 70 per cent but fresh water reserves are only 2 per cent.

(4) If v don conserve water then all the water would dry up human activities make water unfit for drinking, unfit water disturbs environment and survival of organisms would be in danger.

(5) In the present scenario of increasing rate of population, the resources in order to be equitably distributed, should be managed and preserved.

Types of unemployment found in India are:

(i) Disguised unemployment: In disguised unemployment, people appear to be employed while actually they are not adding to the productivity. This usually happens among family members engaged in agricultural activity.

(ii) Seasonal unemployment: Seasonal unemployment happens when people are not able to find jobs during some months of the year. Agriculture in India is not a full time occupation. It is seasonal. This type of unemployment is usually found in agriculture.

(iii) Educated unemployment: It has become a common phenomenon in urban areas. Many youth with matriculation, graduation and post graduation degrees are not able to find jobs. A study showed that unemployment of graduates and post graduates has increased faster than among matriculate youths.

Government has also allowed flexibility in the labour laws to attract foreign investment Government has also allowed flexibility in the labour laws to attract foreign investment. 

The companies can negotiate wages and terminate employment, depending on market conditions. This will lead to an increase in the company’s competitiveness.

In prokaryotic cell, the DNA is not scattered throughout the cell but present in the form of a membrane less structure called nucleoid. The prokaryotic cells uses a specific mechanism to pack the genetic material tightly into this region

The treatment is done in four stages:

(a) In first stage, physical impurities are removed by conventional sedimentation, filtering and chlorine treatment.

(b) Then the biologist, developed a series of six connected marshes over 50 hectares of marshland.

(c) Later on, appropriate plants, algae, fungi and bacteria were seeded into this area. This organisms helped in neutralizing, absorbing, and assimilating the pollutants.

(d) When the water flows through there marshes, it gets purified naturally.

Correct Option  (1) Papaver somniferum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Correct Option (2) Population

Mycoplasmas are thought to be the smallest cell in the world. They are tiny bacteria cells that group together and are called mycoplasmas.

(a) The Script/text: This is the starting point of the theatrical performance the element most often considered as the domain of the playwright in theatre. The playwright’s script is the text by which theatre is created. It can be simplistic, as in the 16th century, with the scenarios used by the acting troupes of the Commedia dell’ arte or it can be elaborate such as the works of William Shakespeare. The script, scenario or plan is what the director uses as a blue-print to build a production. 

(b) The Process: This is the coordination of the creative efforts usually headed up in theatre by the director. It is the pure process by which the playwright’s work is brought to realization by the director, actors, designers, technicians, dancers, musicians and any other collaborators that come together on the script or plan. 

(c) The Product: This is the end result of the process of work involved. The final product that results from all of the labours coming together to complete the finished work of script or plan in union with all of the collaborators in the process to create the final product. This is what the audience will witness as they sit in the theatre and view the work.

(d) The Audience: Theatre requires an audience. All forms of arts, public is essential. The physical presence of an audience can change a performance, inspire actors and create expectations. Theatre is a living, breathing art form. The presence of live actors on the stage in front of live audiences sets it apart from modern day films and television. 

(e) Rehearsal Schedule: Always begin and end rehearsals on time. This not only shows that you are organized but it sets a schedule that the students can plan around. If students know exactly when rehearsals are going to be held, it helps them organize their time. It is important to have a copy of the rehearsal schedule available during auditions. Obviously, it is better for a student to back out of auditioning because of schedule and time conflicts, than to quit the show two or three weeks into rehearsals. A rehearsal schedule can take many shapes; however try to include as much information about each individual rehearsal as possible.

(a) drinks help one

(b) rejuvenate during the

(c) one such healthy

(d) which aids our

(e) it is particularly

(f) good for rehydrating

(g) it with its

(h) helps control blood

(i) in losing weight

(j) low fat content

(a) Just as in the morning when everything is fresh and new, the beginning of a relationship is also new and faultless – but shadows go longer with passage of time but love is fleeting as the noon also last only for a fleeting moment.

(b) The absolute stage of love which exists forever, faults are accepted openly without hesitation.

Tao Ying is determined to be the ideal mother and create a perfect example for her son to look up to. It is exhausting to follow rules dictated by parental guide-books all the time. her actions are full of love and tenderness.

The Zionists had appointed him to a committee; he was a board member of a Jewish scholastic society;

he had become co-editor of an academic Jewish quarterly. And though he often referred to himself as an agnostic and even an atheist, nevertheless for years he had been dragging Gretl to Seders at Abraham Mekheles’, a Landsman from Sencimin. Dr Margolin treated rabbis, refugees, and Jewish writers without charge, supplying them with medicines and, if necessary, a hospital bed. He had gone regularly to the meetings of the Senciminer Society, had accepted positions in their ranks, and had attended all the parties.

I, Navtej, am strongly against the motion. School uniforms should not be banned because they create equality among students. They should be more widely used and not banned because they take away the status quo. Removing labels from clothing is not more than creating just the problem of inequality. School uniforms solve many instances of bullying, parental stress, and childhood depression for starters. I believe all children deserve acceptance, and with school uniforms it gives them an advantage. Why should this advantage be taken away? Uniforms make students feel like they are part of the same school, and that they are proud to belong to the school. Students wouldn’t be discriminated because of the clothes they wear. 

Uniforms help pupils get into the correct, working state of mind, and it gives a good impression of the school. 

School uniforms simplify a school’s dress code. The school would only need to specify how the uniform should be worn. A school uniform also gives a professional atmosphere to schools. Also, it’s easier to spot a student who has cut class if he/she has a uniform on. With these arguments I rest my case.

(a) The map hung on the wall of school classroom in the slum area is a bad example for the slum children. 

(b) The map and a picture of Shakespeare are displayed on the dirty classroom walls. 

(c) Shakespeare represents the world of literature. His picture is at odds in the classroom where it can be of no relevance to the deprived slum children.

(d) A symbol used in the above lines is that of fog. It refers to the uncertain and vague future of the slum children.