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• Distilled water causes cells to lyse, so injecting distilled water into a vein will cause some degree of haemolysis. 
• Haemolysis is the rupture of red blood cells. 
• Large amount of distilled water would cause much more damage not just limited to haemolysis and also cause brain damage or cardiac arrest and death. 
• That is why fluids are administered to patients as saline (which include appropriate amount of salt)

The marine fish dies. 

Reasons: 

1. Usually marine fishes have high concentration of salts in their body. 

2. When they are kept in fresh water, the water from the fresh water aquarium enters the body of fishes due to osmosis. 

3. More amount of fresh water enters the cells of fish. This results in bursting of cells and fish dies.

Observations in experiments to know about diffusion are : 

1. Materials kept in medium (water/air) get dissolves in the medium. 

2. These dissolved molecules gradually move randomly in all directions. (from center to periphery) 

3. They move from higher concentration to lower concentration. 

4. This movement occures till these molecules spread equally throughout the medium.

• No, it is not possible to fill the coconut with water without making a hole. 
• The husk of coconut is mostly made up of sclerenchymatous cells which are dead. 
• Osmosis do not takes place in dead cells. 
• It is not possible to fill the coconut with water without making a hole.

Reverse Osmosis is the process by which we can get fresh water from sea water.

1. Take half bowl water. 

2. Prepare a small ball of coffee powder. 

3. Slowly put in water and observe.

Observations:

1. The ball of coffee powder starts dissolving in water. 

2. The water around the coffee powder will appear dark in colour. 

3. As time progresses, all the water in the beaker becomes coloured. 

4. Initially pale in colour and slowly all the water in the beaker becomes uniformly coloured. Coffee powder molecules diffuse into the water forming uniform colour.

1. The dried vegetables have less water content and high salt concentration in cells. 

2. When they are kept in water they absorb water and become fresh. 

3. The water enter into the vegetables by a process known as osmosis.

Allowing only certain materials to pass through the membrane is called permeability.

Example :

1. The cell membrane is very much permeable to gases such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and fat solvent compounds such as alcohol, ether and chloroform. 

2. It is impermeable to polysaccharides, phospholipids and proteins.

• Keep a small crystal of copper sulphate in the center of the petridish with the help of a forceps. 
• Carefully fill the petridish with water. 
• Observe the movement of blue colour in the petridish every minute. 
• Also observe the spreading of colour from centre to periphery.

Observations :

1. Copper sulphate crystal starts dissolving in water. 

2. The water around the crystal will appear in blue color. 

3. As time progresses, all the water in the beaker becomes coloured.

4. Initially pale blue in colour and slowly all the water in the beaker becomes uniformly blue in color.

Diffusion :

The copper sulphate molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration in water through diffusion.

• Keep a crystal of KMNO (Potassium permanganate) in the centre of the petridish with the help of a forceps. 
• Carefully fill the petridish with water. 
• Observe the movement of pink colour in the petridish every minute. 
• Also observe the spreading of colour from centre to periphery.

Observations:

1. Potassium permanganate crystal starts dissolving in water. 

2. The water around the crystal will appear in pink colour. 

3. As time progresses all the water in the beaker becomes coloured. 

4. Initially pale in colour and slowly all the water in the beaker become uniformly pink coloured.

Diffusion :

The permanganate molecules moves from higher concentration to lower concentration in water through diffusion.

• Water enters into the roots through osmosis. 
• In our body waste materials are filtered from the blood. 
• Osmosis helps in the opening and closing of stomata.