InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Assertion : Pili are nonmotile appendages of bacteria. Reason : Pili take part in conjugation.A. If both assertion and reason are true amnd reason is the correct explanation of assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Pili and fimbriae are non-motile appendages that are outgrowths of membrane. Pili are present in `F^(+)` bacteria and are used to transport F factor (fertility factor) from `F^(+)` bacteria to `F^(-)` bacteria during conjugation. |
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| 2. |
Arrangement of microtubules in a flagelium and a centriole is respectivelyA. 9 + 2 and 9 + 1B. 9 + 1 and 9 + 0C. 9 + 0 and 9 + 7D. 9 + 2 and 9 + 0 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D A centriole possesses a whorl of nine peripheral fibrils. Fibrils are absent in the centre. The arrangement is, therefore, called `9 + 0`. Flagellum contans an axoneme of a peripheral doublet fibrils and 2 central singlet fibrils. This arrangement is called `9 +2` or 11 stranded. |
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| 3. |
The movement of cilia and flagella is due to the presence ofA. radial spokesB. central sheathC. singlet microtubulesD. dyneins. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The protein responsible for movement of cilia and flagella was first discovered and named dynein in 1963. Dynein is a motor protein in cells which converts the chemical energy contained in ATP into the mechanical energy of movement. |
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| 4. |
According top most recent studies, each chromosome consider ofA. single double helical DNA which is higly coiled and foldedB. variable number of DNA helices, depending upon the length of chromosomeC. many small DNA heloces, which are joined by peptide linkagesD. small DNA helices, wrapped around each other like a rope. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A There is a single, long double-stranded, linear DNA contains biological and genetic information. It is highly coiled and folded, however this packing varies during the cell cycle. |
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| 5. |
Refer to the given figure. Select the option which correctly identifies (i-iii).A. `{:("Metacentric","Submetacentric","Acrocentric"),(" (i)"," (ii)"," (iii)"):}`B. `{:("Metacentric","Submetacentric","Acrocentric"),(" (i)"," (iii)"," (ii)"):}`C. `{:("Metacentric","Submetacentric","Acrocentric"),(" (ii)"," (i)"," (iii)"):}`D. `{:("Metacentric","Submetacentric","Acrocentric"),(" (ii)"," (iii)"," (i)"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 6. |
Integral cell membrane proteinsA. are partially embedded in lipid layersB. are completely embedded in lipid layersC. show leteral but not vertical movements within bilayer of lipidD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 7. |
A cell, which is very active in the synthesis and secretion of proteins, would be expected to haveA. equal amount of RER and SERB. more SER than RERC. more than SERD. more Golgi bodies and no ER. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The RER offers extensive surface on which protein synthesis can be conveniently carried on by the ribosomes. The proteins formed on ribosomes pass into the ER lumen where they are modified. Then the modified proteins move into the transitional area, where the ER buds off membranous sacs, the transport vesicles, carrying the proteins to the Golgi apparatus. Here, they are further processed and packaged into secretory vesicles for export by exocytosis at the plasma membrane. |
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| 8. |
Assertion : Peripheral proteins are partially or totally buriend in the membrane. Reason : Integral proteins lie on the surface of membrane.A. If both assertion and reason are true amnd reason is the correct explanation of assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Membrane proteins are classified on the basic of ease of extraction as integral or peripheral. Peripheral proteins lie on the surface of membrane while the integral proteins are partially or totally buried in the membrane. |
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| 9. |
Assertion : the quasifluid nature of lipid enables lateral movement pof proteins within the overall bilayer. Reason : This ability to move within the membrane is called fluidity and is important for cell growth.A. If both assertion and reason are true amnd reason is the correct explanation of assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The structure of cell membrane was propopsed by singer and Nicolson (1972) widely accepted as fluid mosaic model. According to this, the quasifluid nature of lipid enables lateral movement of proteins within the overall bilayer. This ability to move within the membrane is important for functions like cell growth, formation of intercellular junctions, section, endocytosis, cell division etc. |
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| 10. |
Assertion : Lysosmes are capable of digesting carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Reason : Lysosomes are rich in hydrolytic enzuymes like lipases, proteases and carbohydrases.A. If both assertion and reason are true amnd reason is the correct explanation of assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Lysosmes are small vesicles which are bounded by a single membrane and contain hydrolytic enzymes. The important enzymes are acid phosphatases, sulphateses, proteases, peptidases, nucleases, lipases and carbohydrases. These enzymes are capable of digesting carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. |
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| 11. |
In chloroplasts, chlorophyll is presents in theA. outer membranceB. inner membraneC. thylakoidsD. stroma |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The thylakoid membrane contains photosynthetic pigments, namely chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids (carotene, xanthophylls) and plastoquinone. |
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| 12. |
Unicellular microscopic organisms were first studied byA. Robert HookeB. PriestleyC. PasteurD. Leeuwenhoek. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Leeuwenhoke (1673) was the first to observe, describe and sketch a free live cell. |
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| 13. |
The most likely method, used to determine the structural details of a cell organelle isA. autoradiographyB. microdissectionC. electron microscopyD. phase contrast microscopy. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Electron microscope is the best device to determine thwe structural details of a cell. If can magnify objects upto 250,000 - 400,000 times. Its resolving power is 1000 times more than the light microscope. This resolution is because of low wavelength `(0.005 nm)` of electron beam used as light source. Electron microscope ios made up of electromagnetic lenses. The beam of el,ectrons is focussed on the objects with the help of a condenser lens and a magnified image is further magnified by a projector lens and final image is produced on fluorescent screen. |
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| 14. |
Which of the following features is commen to prokaryotes any many eukaryotes ?A. Chromatin material presentB. Cell wall presentC. Nuclear membrane presentD. Membrane-bound subcellular organells present |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Cell wall is found in bacteria (prokaryotes), fungi, algea and plants (eukaryotes). Prokaryotes lack nuclear membrane, and membrane bound subcellular organelles. Genetic material is naked and is called nucleoid. |
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| 15. |
The molecules in the membrane that limit its permeability are theA. carbohydratesB. phospholipidsC. proteinsD. water. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The lipid bilayer comprising mostly of phospholipid that limits the permeability of the membrane. |
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| 16. |
Correct sequence of layer of bacerial cell envelope from outward to inward isA. Cell wall `rarr` Glycocalyx `rarr` Cell wallB. Cell membrane `rarr` Glycocalyx `rarr` Cell wallC. Glycocalyx `rarr` Cell wall `rarr` Cell membraneD. Glycocalyx `rarr` membrane `rarr` Cell well. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Glycocalyx is the outermost layer of the cell envelope. Cell wall lies between plasma membrane and glycocalyx. |
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| 17. |
Cell theory was formulated byA. Schleiden and SchwannB. Robert HookeC. LeeuwnhokeD. Marcello Malpighi. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A The cell theory was jointly put forward by Schleiden and Schwann. It states that the bodies of all organisms are made up of cells and their products so that cells are unit of both structure and function of living organism. |
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| 18. |
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below. `{:(,"Column I",,"Column II"),(A.,"RER",(i),"Intracellular and extracellular digestion"),(B.,"SER",(ii),"Lipid synthesis"),(C.,"Golgi complex",(iii),"Protein synthesis and secretion"),(D.,"Lysosomes",(iv),"Moves materials out of the cell"):}`A. A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(i)B. A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i)C. A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv)D. A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 19. |
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below. `{:(,"Column I",,"Column II"),(A.,"Dictyosomes",(i),"Storage"),(B.,"Mitochondria",(ii),"Photosynthesis"),(C.,"Vacuoles",(iv),"Transport"),(D.,"Grana",(iv),"Secretion"),(,,(v),"Respiration"):}`A. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(iv)","(v)","(i)","(ii)"):}`B. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(i)","(ii)","(iv)","(iii)"):}`C. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(iv)","(i)","(ii)","(iii)"):}`D. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(i)","(ii)","(iii)","(iv)"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 20. |
Select one which is not true for ribosomes.A. Made of two subunitsB. From polysomeC. May attach to mRNAD. Have no role in protein synthesis |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Ribosomes are cell organelles that are formed of two subunits. They are capable of forming polyribosomes during which many ribosomes are attached to mRNA. The purpose of ribosomes moving on mRNA is to synthesise proteins i.e, translation. Indeed, ribosomes have a very direct role in protein synthesis. |
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| 21. |
A common characteristic feature of plant sieve tube cells and most of mammalian eryhrocytes is cells and most of mammalian erythrocytes isA. absence of mitochondriaB. presence of cell wallC. presence of hemoglobinD. absence of uncleus. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The mammalian RBCs lose their nuclei at maturity and survive for a few months only. The food conducting phloem cells called sieve tubes, of flowering plants also lose their nuclei at maturity but they remain functional for several years. |
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| 22. |
The best material for the study of structure of cell membrane isA. RBC of humanB. liver cellC. kidney cellD. muscle cell. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A RBCs lack nucleus and may other cell organelles thus they are best suited to study cell membrane without any complication. |
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| 23. |
Plant cells differ from animal cells in havingA. cell wallB. plastidsC. a large central vacuoleD. All of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D A plant cell has rigid wall on the outside. It has plastids and a centrally located large vacuole. All of these are absent in an animal cell. |
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| 24. |
Which of these is not correct regarding ribosomes ?A. Non-membrane boundB. Present in the cytoplasm and on RERC. Absent in chloroplast and mitochondriaD. Take part in protein synthesis |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The organelle ribosome is found in plastids (plastidoribosomes) and mitochondria (mitoribosomes) which is 70S in nature. |
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| 25. |
The type of ribosomes found in prokaryotes isA. 80S typeB. 70S typeC. 30S typeD. 50S type |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Thje cytoplasmic ribosomes of prokaryotes (blue green algae, bacteria and PPLOs) are 70S. They have two subunits 50S and 30S. |
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| 26. |
Ribosomes are composed ofA. RNA onlyB. Proteins onlyC. RNA and proteinsD. RNA, proteins and DNA |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Chemically, ribosomes consist of two parts, proteins and rRNA. Proteins are both structural and enzymatic. |
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| 27. |
Assertion : A plant bursts if placed in water. Reason : High turgor pressure causes burasting of plant cells.A. If both assertion and reason are true amnd reason is the correct explanation of assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Plant cells have cell wall to counteract turgor pressure (T.P) by exerting exactly equal and opposite wall pressure. Wall pressure stops entry of water into plant cells beyond a certain limit thus prevents their bursting. |
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| 28. |
Different cells have different sizes. Arrange the following cells in an ascending of their size and select the correct option. (i) Mycoplasma (ii) Ostrich egg (iii) Human RBCs (iv) BacteriaA. `(i) rarr (iv) rarr (iii) rarr (ii)`B. `(i) rarr (iii) rarr (iv) rarr (ii)`C. `(ii) rarr (i) rarr (iii) rarr (iv)`D. `(iii) rarr (ii) rarr (i) rarr (iv)` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A The smallest cell is Mycoplasma `(0.1 -0.5 mu m)`. Bacterial cell measures 3-5 `mum` in length. Erythrocytes are 6-8 `mum` in diameter. The largest cell is the egg of Ostrich. |
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| 29. |
_________ isdirectly connected to the outer nuclear membrane.A. MitochondriaB. Golgi bodyC. ERD. Chloroplast |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of an interconnected system of membrane bound channels in the cytoplasm. There is a continuity between the outer nuclear membrance and ER. |
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| 30. |
A student made a pictorial representation of a eukaryotic cell membrane and labelled the components as follows. The student has made errors whikle labelling the components membrane. Which of the following hold true regarding the error ? (i) Protein A should be labelled as trans-membrane protein only and not as integral protein. (ii) The polarity of the protein A should be reversed because the cytosolic phjase always shows reducing environment. (iii) Position of cholesterol molecule shouold be close to polar region as it contains a polar group. (iv) Protein B should be labelled as integral membrane protein and not as peripheral gltcoprotein.A. (i) and (ii)B. (iii) and (iv)C. (ii) and (iii)D. (i) and (iv) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The main lipid components of the plasma membrane are phosopholipids, cholesterol, and galactolipids , their proportion varies in different cell membranes. According to fluid-mosaic model, lipid molecules are present in viscous bilayer and protein molecules occur at places both inside and on outer side the lipid bilayer. intrinsic or integral proteins represent more than 70% of the membrane proteins. They are insoluble in water solutions, and are associated with lipids. they attach to oligosaccharides to form glycoproteins. They pass into the lipid bilayer to different depths and establish hydrophobic bonds with lipid molecules. Some of the integral proteins run throughout the lipid bilayer. The extrinsic or peripheral proteins are superifically on the two surfaces of the membrane, more on the cytosolic face than on the external face. Peripheral proteins are separated by mild treatment with high ionic strength or with metal chelating agents, are soluble in aqueous solution adn are usually free of lipids, for example, spectrin. |
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| 31. |
Identify the parts labelled as A, B, C and D in the given ultrastructure of a plant cell and select the correct option. A. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Plasma","Chloroplast","Mitochondrion","Golgi"):}`B. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Plasma","Mitochondrion","Chloroplast","RER"):}`C. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Cell wall","Mitochondrion","Chloroplast","RER"):}`D. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Cell wall","Chloroplast","Mitochondrion","Golgi complex"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 32. |
Study the following statements regarding mitochondria and select the correct ones. These are the sites of aerobic respiration. (ii) Matrix contains single, circular ds DNA molecule, a few RNA molecules, 70S ribosomes. (iii) Mitochondria divide by fission. (iv) Mitrochondria are fully-autonomous.A. (i) and (ii)B. (iii) and (iv)C. (i), (ii) and (iii)D. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Mitochondria are semmi-autonomous organelles. However, mitochondria are not fully autonomous because their structure and functioning are partially controlled by nucleus of the cell and availability of materials from cytoplasm. So, it is more appropriate to call them semi-autonomous organelles. Semi-autonomy of mitochondria is because they have their own DNA which can replicate independently. Mitochondrial matrix possesses its own ribosomes (70S in nature). It synthesises some of its own structural proteins. New mitochondria, develop by division of pre-existing mitochondria. |
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| 33. |
Which of the best way to separate intact chloroplast from green leaves of angiospermic plant ?A. Petrol-etherB. ChloroformC. 10 % sucrose solutionD. Alcohol |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 34. |
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below. `{:(,"Column I",,"Column II"),(A.,"Mitochondria",(i),"Without membrane"),(B.,"Lysosomes",(ii),"Single membrane"),(C.,"Ribosomes",(iii),"Double membrane"),(D.,"Nucleus",,):}`A. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(i)","(ii)","(iii)","(iii)"):}`B. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(iii)","(i)","(i)","(ii)"):}`C. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(iii)","(ii)","(i)","(iii)"):}`D. `{:("A","B","C","D"),("(ii)","(iii)","(i)","(iii)"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 35. |
Read the given statements and select the correct option. Statement 1 : Chloroplast and mitochondria are semiautonomous bondies. Statement 2 : Chloroplast and mitochondria have their own DNA and protein synthesising machinery.A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.B. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.C. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.D. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 36. |
In which of the following parts of mitochondria succinic dehydrogenase enzyme is located ?A. Perimitochondrial spaceB. Outer membraneC. MatrixD. Inner membrane |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Succinate dehydrogenase is an enzyme complex involved in TCA cycle, located in inner mitochondrial membrane. |
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| 37. |
Mesosomes are the infoldings of cell membrane, which (i) are present in both prokaryotic and equkaryotic cells. (ii) help in cell wall formation, DNA replication and respiration. (iii) increase the surface area of plasma membrane.A. (i) and (ii)B. (ii) and (iii)C. (i) and (iii)D. (i), (ii) and (iii) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Mesosmes are present only in prokaryotes. |
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| 38. |
If you remove the fimbriae from the bacterial cell, which of the following would you expect to happen ?A. The bacteria could no longer swim.B. The bacteria would not adhere to the host tissue.C. Transportation of molecules across the membrane would stop.D. The shape of bacteria would change. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Fimbriae are hair like structures present in large number in bacteria. They help in attaching bacteria to solid surface or host tissues. |
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| 39. |
Read the given statements and select the correct option. Statement 1 : The cistemae in Golgi complex have cis face and trans face. Statement 2 : The cis face is also called forming face and trans face is also called maturing face.A. Btoh statements 1 and 2 correct.B. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is 2 is incorrect.C. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.D. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Golgi complex consists of a stack of cisternae which are curved to give definite polarity to the Golgi apparatus. The convex side (forming/cis face) receives vesicles from endoplasmic reticulum. The concanve side (maturing / trans face) buds off vesicles as secretion. |
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| 40. |
Which of the these is not a function of Golgi apparatus ?A. Site of synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipidsB. SecrectionC. Membrane transformationD. Site of protein synthesis |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The Golgi complex modifies, sorts and packages proteins and lipids coming from the ER. Packaging involves wrapping the material by a membrane, forming secretory vesicles. Site of protein synthesis is ribosomes. |
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| 41. |
Assertion : The Golgi apparatus mainly performs the function of packaging materials. Reason : Materials to be packed in the from of vesicles from the ER fuse with trans face of the Golgi apparatus.A. If both assertion and reason are true amnd reason is the correct explanation of assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The Golgi apparatus principally performs the function of packaging materials, to be delivered either to the intracellular targets or secreted outside the cell. Materials to be packaged in the form of vesicles from the ER fuse with the cis face of the Golgi apparatus and move towards the maturing face. That is why, the Golgi apparatus remains in close association with the endoplasmic reticulum. |
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| 42. |
Packing of substances for export from the cell occurs in theA. SERB. Golgi bodiesC. lysosomeD. nucleolus. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 43. |
Select the option with correct labelling of given structure of Golgi apparatus. A. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Cistemae","Veside","trans face","cis face"):}`B. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Cistemae","Veside","cis face","trans face"):}`C. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Veside","Cistemae","cis face","trans face"):}`D. `{:(" A"," B"," C"," D"),("Tubules","Veside","trans face","cis face"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 44. |
Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane ?A. Camilla GolgiB. Schleiden and SchwannC. Singer and NicolsonD. Robert Brown |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Fluid mosaic model of lipid membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson in 1972. |
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| 45. |
Which group of organelles is involved in synthesis of substances needed by cell ?A. Lysosome, vacuole, ribosomeB. Vacoule, RER, SERC. Ribosome, RER, SERD. RER, lysosome, vacuole |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 46. |
Which chemical property is shared by all types of lipids forming the plasma membrane ?A. Sugar componentB. Glycerol backboneC. Phosphate groupD. Hydrophobic region |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 47. |
Select the incorrect statement regarding the plasma membrane.A. Ratio of proteins and lipids varies considerably in different cell types.B. 52 % proteins and 40 % lipids constitute the membrane of human RBC.C. Arrangement of proteins (P) and Lipids (L) is L-P-P-L.D. Head of lipid is hydrophilic. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Arrangement of proteins and lipids is P-L-L-P. |
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| 48. |
P and Q are the major sites for the synthesis of _________, __________ respectively. A. proteins, lipidsB. lipids, proteinsC. carbohydrates, lipidsD. vitamins, proteins |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 49. |
________ are the microbodies, which take part in glyoxylate pathway, bounded by a single membrane and are usually present in germinating fatty seeds.A. GlyoxyomesB. PeroxisomesC. SphaerosomesD. Lysosmes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 50. |
Which of the following stains is not used for staining chromosomes ?A. Basic FuchsinB. SafraninC. Methylene greenD. Carmine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |