Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Elements in the firsdt column of the periodic table are called alkali metals. These metals have:

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A single valency electron
One electron LESS than an inert gas configuration
HIGH MELTING POINTS
High ionisation potentals

Answer :A
Discussion
2.

Elements havingthree incomplete outermostsubshellscalled ……….

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SOLUTION :Inner-transitionelements
Discussion
3.

Elements havebeen classified as as s-,p-, d- and f-block elements of the basisof the types oforbital which receives the last electron. Are there any exceptions to thisgeneralization ? Comment.

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SOLUTION :Someexceptions are : (i) Zn, Cd, Hg and CN all receive the last ELECTRON in theirrespective s-orbitals but arecalledd-block ELEMENTS
(ii)the receives the lastelectron in thed-orbitalbut is called f-blockelement.
Discussion
4.

Elements belonging to which groups of the periodic table combinewith each other to form electrovalent compounds?

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SOLUTION :Highly electropositive metals of groups-1 and 2 COMBINE with the electronegative ELEMENTS of groups-15, 16 and 17 to form electrovalent COMPOUNDS.
Discussion
5.

Elements capable of exhibiting photoelectric effect with 295nm radiation 1)

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LI, Na, K and MG 
K, Mg, CU and Ag
Na, K, Mg and Cu 
Li, Na, K and Mg 

ANSWER :D
Discussion
6.

Elements A ,B ,C,D and E have thefollowingelectronic configurations. A : 1 s^(2)2s^(2) 2p^(1) B : 1s^(2)n2s^(2) 2p^(6) 3 s^(2)3p^(1) C : 1 s^(2) 2 s^(2) 2p^(6) 3s^(2) 3p^(3) D : 1 s^(2) 2 s^(2) 2p^(6) 3s^(2) 3p^(5) E : 1 s^(2) 2 s^(2)2p^(6) 3 s^(2) 3p^(6)4s^(2) Whichamongthese will belongto thesame groupin theperiodictable ?

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<P>

SOLUTION :We known that elements havingsimilarvalenceelectronic configuration belongto THESAME group of theperiodic table .Thereforeelements A and Bhavingthreeelectrons in thevalenceshell i.e., `2 s^(2)2 p^(1)` and`3 s^(2)3p^(1)` respectively belongto the samegroup ,i.e., group13 of theperiodic table
Discussion
7.

Elements A, B, C and Dhaveatomicnumbers12, 19, 29and 36respectively . On thebasisof electronic configurationwriteto which group of theperiodictableeach element belongs.

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Solution :A (Z= 12 ) = GROUP2 , B(Z= 19) = Group1 , C (Z = 29 )= Group11 ANDD (Z = 36 ) = GROUP18 `
Discussion
8.

Elements A, B and C belong to the same period in the long form of the periodic table. The nature of the oxides of A, B and C is amphoteric basic and acidic respectively. The correct order of the atomic numbers of these elements is

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B GT A gt C 
C gt B gt A
C gt A gt B
A gt B gt C

Answer :C
Discussion
9.

{:("Element",Cr,Mn,Fe),(E^(underset(-)(o))(M^(2+)//M),-0.90V,-1.18V,-0.4V),(E^(underset(-)(o))(M^(3+)//M^(2+)),-0.41V,+1.57V,+0.8V):} ltbr. Use this data to comment upon (i) the stability of Fe^(3+) and Mn^(2+) in acid solutions, (ii) The ease with which iron can be oxidised as compared to the similar process for either Cr or Mn metals.

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SOLUTION :(i) `MN^(2+)` is more STABLE than `FE^(3+)`
(ii) The ORDER of getitng oxidised is `Mn gt Cr gt Fe`.
Discussion
10.

Element withvalenceshellelectronic configurationas (n-1)d^(5)ns^(1)is placedin whichof the followinggroupand blockof element ?

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1,s - BLOCK
16 , s- block
7, s- block
6, d- block

Solution :Group No. = (n-1)d+ ns electrons= 5 + 1=6
Discussion
11.

Element with electronic arrangement [Ar]3d^24s^2 belongs to

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s-block
p-block 
d-block
f-block 

ANSWER :C
Discussion
12.

Element with different EN among the following

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`SN`
`GE`
`SI`
`C`

ANSWER :D
Discussion
13.

Element with atomic number 56 belong to which block.

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s
p
d
f

Answer :a
Discussion
14.

Elementwith atomicnumber 56belongsto whichblock ?

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<P>s
p
d
f

Solution :NA
Discussion
15.

Element with atomic number 52 belongs to

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s-block
p-block
d-block
f-block

ANSWER :B
Discussion
16.

Element with atomic number 38, belongs to

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II A group and 5TH PERIOD
II A group and 2ND period
V A group and 2nd period
III A group and 5th period

Answer :A
Discussion
17.

Element with atomic number 15 and mass number 31 is present in

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GROUP 5 and PERIOD 4 
group 5 and period 3 
group 15 and period 3 
group 15 and period 4

Answer :C
Discussion
18.

Element that has the highest first ionisation energy among the following is

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CA 
MG 
AL 
SI 

Answer :B
Discussion
19.

Element of group 14. (a) exhibit oxidation state of +4 only (a) exhibitoxidationstate of +4 only , (b) exhibitoxidationstate of +2 and +4 (c ) form M^(2-) and M^(4+) ion , (d) form M^(2+) and M^(4+) ions.

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Solution :DUE toinertpaireffect, elementof group 14exhibit oxidationstates of `+2` and `+4`. Thus option (B) ISCORRECT.
Discussion
20.

Element showing the phenomenon of allotropy is

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aluminium
TIN
lead
copper

Solution :tin
Discussion
21.

Element M+N_(2) overset(Delta)to overset(H_(2)O)toNH_(3) element M belonging to group 13 can be

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B or Al
Ga or Al
B or Ga
In or Tl

Answer :A
Discussion
22.

Element E reacts with oxygen to produce EO_(2). Identify element E if 16.5 g of it react with excess oxygen to form 26.1 g of EO_(2)

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Manganese
Nickel
SULPHUR DIOXIDE and sulphur trioxide
Titanium

Answer :A
Discussion
23.

Elements a,b,c and d have the following electronic configurations:a:1s^(2),2s^(2),2p^(6)b:1s^(2),2s^(2),2p^(6),3s^(2),3p^(1)c:1s^(2),2s^(2),2p^(6),3s^(2),3p^(6) d:1s^(2),2s^(2),2s^(1)Which elements among these will belong to the same group of periodic table.

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Solution :
In the above elements, NE and Ar belong to same group (NOBLE gases - 18H group).
Al and B belong to the same group (13H group).
Discussion
24.

Element a reduces cation of element B but does not reduce the cation of element C will element C reduce the cation of elemnt B ? Explain

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Solution :since ELEMENT A reduces B therfore `E^(@)` of B is les ve than that of element A i.e element B lies above element A in theelectrochemical SERIES
Furthr since A does not reduce `C^(+)` therefore `E^(@)` of C is more negative than that of element A i.e C lies BELOWA in the electrochemical series
In the other owrds element B lies above element C in the electrochemical series and hence will reduce the cation of `B^(+)` i.e
Discussion
25.

Element A will reduce the cation of element B (B^+) but will not reduce the cation of element C (C^+) Will element C reduce the cation of element B ? Explain .

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Solution :Since A will reduce `B^+,B` has higher reduction POTENTIAL than A and THEREFORE, B LIES above A in the electrochemical series. Now, A will not reduce `C^+` , C has lower reduction potential than A and therefore , C lies below A in the electrochemical series . Therefore , C must be below B in the series and HENCE C will reduce `B^+`.
Discussion
26.

Elements 'A' and 'B' combine in the ratio of their

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ATOMIC WEIGHTS
Molecular weights
EQUIVALENT weights
MASS numbers

Solution :LAW of equivalence
Discussion
27.

Elements of groupi are called alkali metals. Why?

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Solution :Alkali metals from basic oxides.
`4M+O_(2)to2M_(2)O`
These are soluble in water and form STRONG bases.
Strong base is called alkali. HENCE GROUP 1elements are called alkali metals.
Discussion
28.

Elektron is an alloy of zine and…….

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BARIUM
Aluminium
Magnesium
Copper

Answer :3
Discussion
29.

Elektron is an alloy of zinc and….

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barium
Aluminium
Magnesium
Copper

Solution :Elktron is MG ALLOY
Mg+Zn+Al+etc
Discussion
30.

Electropositive colloid is

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TANNIC ACID
silicic acid
GOLD
METHYLENE blue

Answer :D
Discussion
31.

Electrophilies are electron seeking species. Which of the following groups contain only electrophilies?

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`BF_(3), NH_(3), H_(2)O`
`AlCl_(3), SO_(3), NO_(2)^(+)`
`NO_(2)^(+), CH_(3)^(+), CH_(3)-C^(+) = O`
`C_(2)H_(5)^(-), overset(.)(C _(2))H_(5), C_(2)H_(5)^(+)`

SOLUTION :In (A), `NH_(3) and H_(2)O` are not electrophiles
In (D), `C_(2)H_(5)^(-) and overset(.)C_(2) H_(5)` are not electrophiles.
All electron in (B) and (C ) are ELECTROPHILIES.
Discussion
32.

Electrophilies are electron seeking species. Which of the following groups contain only electrophiles ?

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`BF_(3), NH_(3), H_(2)O`
`AlCl_(3), SO_(3), NO_(2)^(+)`
`NO_(2)^(+), CH_(3)^(+), CH_(3)- OVERSET(+)(C)=O`
`C_(2)H_(5)^(-), overset(*)(C)_(2)H_(5), C_(2)H_(5)^(+)`

Solution :(b) and (c) REPRESENT groups of all ELECTROPHILES.
Discussion
33.

Electrophilic substitutions are characteristic reaction of aromatic compounds. In this reaction hydrogen of the aromatic ring is replaced by an electophile because hydrogen in the form of HR is very good leaving group. -COOH and -SO_3H are also good leaving groups when they are present either atortho or at para to the highly activating groups like -NH_2 and -OH. Benzene sulphonic acid is converted into benzene by

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HEATING with DILUTE SULPHURIC acid
heating with dilute NaOH
heating with soda lime
heating with ZINC dust

Solution :heating with dilute sulphuric acid C
Discussion
34.

Electrophilic substitutions are characteristic reaction of aromatic compounds. In this reaction hydrogen of the aromatic ring is replaced by an electophile because hydrogen in the form of HR is very good leaving group. -COOH and -SO_3H are also good leaving groups when they are present either atortho or at para to the highly activating groups like -NH_2 and -OH. Which one of the following compounds will be most unreactive towards electrophilic substitution reaction?

Answer»




SOLUTION :
Discussion
35.

Electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene……… (i) overset(+)(N)O_(2) electrophile in nitration but SO_(3) in sulphonation. (ii) Cl is electrophile in chlorination. (iii) Br is electrophile in bromination (iv) R^(+) is electrophile in FC alkylation.

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ANSWER :(i-T), (ii-F), (iii-F), (iv-T)
Discussion
36.

Electrophilic substitution on mono substituted benzene is determined by electronic effects +1, -M groups are ortho, para directors, where as -1,-M groups are meta directions. When there is a competition between inductive and mesomeric effects, the latter wins over. Electrophilic substitution on disubstituted benzene is determined by the combined effect of both groups. Usually activating group wins over deactivating group. When one of the groups has a lone pair of electrons, that will determine the product formation. Usually a third group will not enter the position in between the two existing groups due to steric reasons.

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Solution :NITRO GROUP is META DIRECTING , Bromine is ortho, para directing
Discussion
37.

Electrophilic substitution product of benzene is Hexa chloro benzene. Addition product of benzene is benzene Hexa chloride. The gram molecular wt. difference hetween these two compounds is________ grams.

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Solution :`underset((BHC))(C_6H_6Cl_6) ""underset("(HEXA CHLORO BENZENE)")(C_6 Cl_6)`
Hence 6 gms difference .
Discussion
38.

Electrophilic substitution on mono substituted benzene is determined by electronic effects +1, -M groups are ortho, para directors, where as -1,-M groups are meta directions. When there is a competition between inductive and mesomeric effects, the latter wins over. Electrophilic substitution on disubstituted benzene is determined by the combined effect of both groups. Usually activating group wins over deactivating group. When one of the groups has a lone pair of electrons, that will determine the product formation. Usually a third group will not enter the position in between the two existing groups due to steric reasons. Identify the incorrect statement

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Solvolysis of cholorobenzene is DIFFICULT but 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene can be EASILY solvolysed
REACTIVITY of CHLOROBENZENE is more than benzene
p/o-ratio increases when host group is bulky
Toluene is more reactive than benzene

Solution :Reactivity of chlorobenzene is LESS than benzene
Discussion
39.

Electrophilic substitution on mono substituted benzene is determined by electronic effects +1, -M groups are ortho, para directors, where as -1,-M groups are meta directions. When there is a competition between inductive and mesomeric effects, the latter wins over. Electrophilic substitution on disubstituted benzene is determined by the combined effect of both groups. Usually activating group wins over deactivating group. When one of the groups has a lone pair of electrons, that will determine the product formation. Usually a third group will not enter the position in between the two existing groups due to steric reasons. Major products of nitration of acetanilide is:

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SOLUTION : ORTHO, PARA DIRECTING GROUP
Discussion
40.

Electrophilic substitution in phenol generally occurs at

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o-and p-POSITIONS
metapositions
only at ORTHO positions
only at PARA position

Solution :Resonance causes development of partial negative charge on ortho and para positions in phenol MOLECULE.
Discussion
41.

Electrophilic addition reactions proceed in two steps. The first step involves the addition of an electrophile. Name of type of intermediate formed in the first step of the following addition reaction . CH_(3)-CH= CH_(2) + H^(+) rarr ?

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`2^(@)` -carbanion
`1^(@)` -carbocation
`2^(@)`-carbocation
`1^(@)`-carbanion

Solution :
According to Marecovnicove.s rule, the `2^(@)` carbocation is FORMED and COMPLETE ELECTROPHILIC addition REACTION.
Discussion
42.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution can be seen in which of the following cases ?

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ANSWER :A::B::C
Discussion
43.

Electrophilic addition reactions proceed in two steps. The first involves the addition of an electrophile. Name the type of intermediate formed in the first step of the following addition reaction. H_(3)C-HC = CH_(2) + H^(+) rarr ?

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`2^(@)` CARBANION
`1^(@)` CARBOCATION
`2^(@)` Carbocation
`1^(@)` Carbanion

Solution :
Discussion
44.

Electrophilic addition reactions proceed in two steps. The first step involves the addition of an electrophile. Name the type of intermediate formed in the first step of the following addition reaction. H_(3)C -HC=CH_(2)+ H^(+)to?

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`2^(@)` carbanion
`1^(@)` CARBOCATION
`2^(@)` carbocation
`1^(@)` carbanion

Solution :
Thus, `2^(@)` CARBOCATIONS if FORMED.
Discussion
45.

Electrophiles are electron seeking species. Which of the following groups contain only electrophiles ?

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`BF_(3), NH_(3), H_(2)O`
`AlCl_(3), SO_(3), NO_(2)^(+)`
`NO_(2)^(+), CH_(3)^(+), CH_(3)-overset(+)(C) = O`
`C_(2)H_(5)^(-), overset(*)(C_(2))H_(5), C_(2)H_(5)^(+)`

SOLUTION :(B) `AlCl_(3), SO_(3), overset(+)(N)O_(2)` and `NO_(2)^(+), overset(+)(C)H_(3), CH_(3)-overset(+)(C) = O`.
In OPTION (a), `NH_(3)` and `H_(2)O` are nucleophiles whereas `BF_(3)` is an ELECTROPHILIC while in option (d) `C_(2)H_(5)^(-)` is a nucleophile while `overset(*)(C_(2))H_(5)` and `C_(2)H_(5)^(+)` are electrophiles.
Discussion
46.

electrophiles are the species which attack the regions of............electron density

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ANSWER :HIGH
Discussion
47.

Electrophiles are

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ELECTRON ATTRACTING SPECIES
Nucleus attracting species
Electron REPELLING species
Nucleus repelling species

Solution :Electron attracting species
Discussion
48.

What are electrophiles ? Explain with two examples

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ELECTRON LOVING species
Electron HATING species
Necleus loving species
Nucleus hating species

Answer :A
Discussion
49.

Electrophile in the sulphonation of benzene is

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`Soverset(+)O_3H`
`S OVERSET(-)(O_3)H`
`SO_3`
`Soverset(+)(O_3)`

SOLUTION :`SO_3` is ELECTROPHILE
Discussion
50.

Electrons with the highest penetrating power are

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p-electrons
s-electrons
d-electrons
f-electrons

Answer :B
Discussion