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 Nylon

Nylon is not an ADDITION POLYMER.

 WINTER during MORNING TIME

London SMOG is FOUND in winter during morning time.

 OF₂

In case of OF₂, OXYGEN is not the most electronegative ELEMENT. The fluorine is more electronegative and has an oxidation state of -1. In this case, the oxygen has an oxidation state of +2.

 39 KJ

The HEAT energy produced when the HUMAN body metabolises 1 gram of FAT is 39 KJ.

 Exothermic REACTION

In THEORY, a candle is made of a solid HYDROCARBON called paraffin. When the solid burns, the hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to form carbon DIOXIDE and water. The reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases HEAT to the atmosphere along with the other products.

 A REDUCING AGENT

Carbon DIOXIDE is a reducing agent.

 Edward Teller

Edward Teller, Stanislaw M. Ulam, and other American SCIENTISTS developed the first hydrogen bomb, which was TESTED at Enewetak ATOLL on November 1, 1952.

 Ammonia

Ammonia gas that dissolves in WATER forms a SOLUTION of ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH). This solution (including the gas) is a STRONG base and will make the solution ALKALINE.

 A and C

Oxidation and chemical reaction with OXYGEN CAUSES rusting of IRON.

 H₂

Hydrogen GAS(H₂) will EFFUSE out of FOOTBALL bladder most quickly.

 Magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg(OH)₂. It occurs in nature as the mineral brucite. It is a white solid with low SOLUBILITY in water. Magnesium hydroxide is a common COMPONENT of ANTACIDS, such as milk of magnesia, as WELL as laxatives.

 Anthracite

There are THREE forms of pure carbon: graphite, coal and DIAMOND. AMONG coal, Anthracite has the HIGHEST carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the highest CALORIFIC content of all types of coal except for graphite. Anthracite is the most metamorphosed type of coal in which the carbon content is between 92.1% and 98%.

 [CrO₄]^2’

The colour of transition-metal compounds is normally associated with d-d TRANSITIONS. However, some transition metal compounds SHOW intense colour in solution in spite of absence of d-electrons. For EXAMPLE, the orange colour of TiBr₄, yellow colour of CrO₄^2-, orange colour of Cr₂O₂^7-, intense red colour of [Fe(SCN)₄] and deep purple of MnO₄ are not due to d—d transitions. In the case of MnO₄ ION, the COLOR is due to charge transfer and not due to d-d transitions.

 Silver Iodide (AgI)

The technology sprays particles of SALTS like silver iodide and chloride on CLOUDS using a special AIRCRAFT, rockets or from dispersion devices located on the ground. The most common chemicals used for cloud seeding INCLUDE silver iodide, potassium iodide and dry ice (solid CARBON dioxide) and Liquid propane.

 Ethylene glycol

Ethylene glycol is a chemical commonly used in many commercial and INDUSTRIAL applications including antifreeze and COOLANT. Ethylene glycol helps keep your car's engine from freezing in the WINTER and acts as a coolant to reduce overheating in the SUMMER.

 Galena

Lead ore is most commonly FOUND as lead sulphide (PbS), galena, a heavy, shiny grey metallic ore with a conspicuous cubic cleavage, but LOCALLY pyromorphite, lead chlorophosphate (Pb₅(PO₄)3CL), was worked on Green Hill, NEAR Charterhouse and on Blagdon Hill.

 LACTIC acid

Like MANY other things, milk CONTAINS bacteria, Milk also naturally contains a kind of sugar known as “lactose.” The bacteria that live in milk get energy from this special sugar and USE it to reproduce to make even more bacteria. When the bacteria use the lactose SUGARS to reproduce, they change it from “lactose sugar” into “lactic acid,” which tastes sour.

 Argon

Argon is a NATURALLY OCCURING NOBLE GAS.

 Carbon dioxide

When BAKING soda and lemon juice are added together, the REACTION of the two is an ACID-based reaction because it involves an acid (citric acid in the lemon juice) reacting with a BASE (sodium bicarbonate, more COMMONLY known as baking soda). Carbon dioxide, a gas, is produced by the reaction.

 TEFLON

The MODERN non-stick pans were made USING a coating of Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene or PTFE).

 MUSTARD gas

Although the GERMANS were the first to use phosgene on the battlefield, it became the primary CHEMICAL weapon of the Allies. Phosgene was RESPONSIBLE for 85% of chemical-weapons fatalities during WORLD War I. Mustard gas, a potent blistering agent, was dubbed King of the Battle Gases.

 Distillation

To separate a mixture of alcohol (ETHANOL) and water, you can use a PROCESS KNOWN as fractional distillation. This technique relies on the fact that the compounds in the mixture have DIFFERENT boiling points. Since ethanol BOILS at a lower temperature (78.5 degrees Celsius) than water, the alcohol vaporizes while most of the water remains a liquid.

 Rodenticide

Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 DAYS after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas. This method of vermin control has possible USE in places where rodents are resistant to some of the anticoagulants, particularly for control of house and FIELD mice; zinc phosphide baits are also cheaper than most second-generation anticoagulants, so that SOMETIMES, in the case of large infestation by rodents, their population is initially reduced by copious AMOUNTS of zinc phosphide bait applied, and the rest of population that survived the initial fast-acting poison is then eradicated by prolonged feeding on anticoagulant bait.

 DISTILLATION

Desalination – is a PROCESS by which SALINE water (generally sea water) is converted to fresh water. The most common desalination PROCESSES are distillation and reverse OSMOSIS.

 CO

The extremely HIGH concentrations of carbon MONOXIDE produced by an engine can raise CO concentrations in a closed building so quickly that a person may COLLAPSE before they even realize there is a problem.
Carbon monoxide reduces the AMOUNT of oxygen to the brain, causing CO intoxication, and lack of reasoning. Hence option D is correct ANSWER.

 K₁= 1/K₂

Relationship between K₁ and K₂ is K₁ = 1/K₂

 Methyl isocyanate

The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident in India, considered one of the world’s worst industrial disasters. It occurred on the night of 2–3 December, 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate gas and other chemicals. The toxic substance MADE its way in and around the shantytowns located near the plant. Estimates vary on the DEATH toll. The official immediate death toll was 2,259. The government of Madhya Pradesh confirmed a total of 3,787 deaths related to the gas release. Others estimate 8,000 DIED within two weeks and another 8,000 or more have since died from gas-related diseases.

 0.1 to 1.5

Steel is an alloy made by combining iron and other elements, the most common of these being carbon. When carbon is used, its content in the steel is between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Other ALLOYING elements sometimes used are manganese, chromium, vanadium and tungsten. Carbon and other elements act as a hardening agent, preventing dislocations in the iron atom crystal lattice from sliding past one another. Varying the AMOUNT of alloying elements and the FORM of their presence in the steel (solute elements, precipitated phase) controls qualities such as the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. Steel with increased carbon content can be made harder and stronger than iron, but such steel is ALSO less ductile than iron. Alloys with a higher than 2.1% carbon content are KNOWN as cast iron because of their lower melting point and good castability.

 Arrhenius equation

The main reason that TEMPERATURE increases the RATE of reaction is that more of the colliding particles will have the necessary activation ENERGY resulting in more successful collisions (when bonds are FORMED between reactants). The INFLUENCE of temperature is described by the Arrhenius equation.

 A purifier for water

It is aluminum potassium sulphate. This is the type of alum that you FIND in the GROCERY store for pickling and in baking POWDER. It is also used in LEATHER tanning, as a flocculant in water purification, as an ingredient in aftershave and as a treatment to fireproof TEXTILES.

 4000°C

Flames are formed when a fuel gas, like acetylene, reacts with a support gas such as oxygen. This reaction creates a lot of heat and LIGHT, which we SEE as a flame. An oxygen acetylene flame can create temperatures over 3200°C. Pure oxygen, instead of air (20% oxygen/80% nitrogen), is USED to increase the flame temperature to allow localized melting of the work piece material (e.g. steel) in a room environment. A common propane/air flame burns at about 3,630 DEGREE F (2,000 degree C), a propane/ oxygen flame burns at about 4,530 degree F (2,500 degree C), and an acetylene/oxygen flame burns at about 6,330 degree F (3,500 degree C).

 Anthracite

Anthracite has the LOWEST PROPORTION of VOLATILE MATTER.

 Acid rain

When sulphur pollutants fall on to buildings made from limestone and sandstone they react with MINERALS in the stone to form a POWDERY substance that can be washed away by rain. This is known as acid rain. Famous buildings like the Statue of Liberty in NEW York, the Taj Mahal in India and St. Paul's Cathedral in London have all been DAMAGED by this sort of air POLLUTION.

 CARBON DIOXIDE

Carbon dioxide is USED as FIRE EXTINGUISHER.

 Firewood

Firewood is not a COMMERCIAL SOURCE of ENERGY.

 Increases

When iron or any other metal oxidizes, OXYGEN from the AIR COMBINES with the iron to MAKE iron oxide or rust. So, weight of the bar increases, due to the increased weight of oxygen which has combined with the iron.

 Lead

Galena, also called lead glance, is the natural mineral form of lead(II) sulphide (PbS). It is the most important ORE of lead and an important source of silver. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed SULFIDE MINERALS. It crystallizes in the cubic CRYSTAL system often showing octahedral forms.

 HELIUM

Trimix is a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen and helium and is often used at depth in technical DIVING and commercial diving instead of air to reduce nitrogen NARCOSIS and to avoid the DANGERS of oxygen toxicity.

 CARBON monoxide and HYDROGEN

Water gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H₂) PRODUCED by passing steam over red-hot coke using the ENDOTHERMIC reaction.

 Nitrogen

Nitrogen is not a GREEN HOUSE GAS.

 Freon

Common refrigerants used in DOMESTIC REFRIGERATORS are freon, neon and nitrogen. It FLOWS through four components of REFRIGERATOR again and again. These four components are cooling chamber, compressor, heat exchanger and expander.

 Butane and propane

Liquefied petroleum GAS (LPG), ALSO CALLED LP gas, any of several LIQUID mixtures of the volatile hydrocarbons PROPENE, propane, butene, and butane.

 30

Iron has 30 NEUTRONS.

 ZINC and COPPER

Brass is an ALLOY of zinc and copper.

 CO, CO₂ and SO₂

Main POLLUTANTS RELEASED from IRON and steel industry are CO, CO₂ and SO₂.

 B, C

Chloroform was once a widely used anesthetic. Its vapor DEPRESSES the central nervous system of a patient, allowing a DOCTOR to perform VARIOUS otherwise painful procedures. Chronic chloroform exposure can damage the liver where chloroform is metabolized to phosgene.

 3-5%

A vulcanized flexible tyre rubber contains about 3 –5% of sulphur whereas HARD rubber (ebonite) contains about 32% of sulphur. The STIFFNESS of vulcanized rubber depends on the amount of sulphur ADDED.

 NITROUS OXIDE and Sulphur dioxide

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulphur dioxide and NITROGEN oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they MIX and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.